Should discontinuity of the osteotomy site 1 year after periacetabular osteotomy be diagnosed as delayed union and not non-union?

Background: Discontinuity at the site of osteotomy is a complication after periacetabular osteotomy. The objectives of this study were to assess whether discontinuity is owed to delayed union or non-union and to clarify the risk factors associated with discontinuity >1 year after periacetabular osteotomy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 104 hips in 95 consecutive patients who underwent periacetabular osteotomy between 2017 and 2021.

Incidence and clinical outcome of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury after periacetabular osteotomy.

Aims: Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) injury is a complication after periacetabular osteo-tomy (PAO) using an anterior approach, which might adversely affect the outcome. However, no prospective study has assessed the incidence and severity of this injury and its effect on the clinical outcomes over a period of time for longer than one year after PAO. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and severity of the symptoms of LFCN injury for ≥ three years after PAO and report its effect on clinical outcomes.

Scalable production of homogeneous cardiac organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells.

Three-dimensional (3D) cultures are known to more closely mimic in vivo conditions compared with 2D cultures. Cardiac spheroids (CSs) and organoids (COs) are useful for 3D tissue engineering and are advantageous for their simplicity and mass production for regenerative therapy and drug discovery. Herein, we describe a large-scale method for producing homogeneous human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CSs (hiPSC-CSs) and COs without scaffolds using a porous 3D microwell substratum with a suction system.

Secretory Carcinoma with ETV6-NTRK3 Gene Fusion and Lymph Node Metastasis in Maxillary Gingiva: A Case Report with Pathological and Molecular Correlative Studies.

Secretory carcinoma (SC), also known as mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC), is a rare salivary gland neoplasm with distinctive morphology that harbors a diagnostic ETV6 gene rearrangement. MASC was first described as a type of salivary gland neoplasm in 2010 and resembles breast secretory carcinoma. It is often mistaken for other neoplasms.

Hydrogel-Sheathed hiPSC-Derived Heart Microtissue Enables Anchor-Free Contractile Force Measurement.

In vitro reconstruction of highly mature engineered heart tissues (EHTs) is attempted for the selection of cardiotoxic drugs suitable for individual patients before administration. Mechanical contractile force generated in the EHTs is known to be a critical indicator for evaluating the EHT response. However, measuring contractile force requires anchoring the EHT in a tailored force-sensing cell culture chamber, causing technical difficulties in the stable evaluation of contractile force in long-term culture.

Cardiac sarcoidosis preceded by sick sinus syndrome presenting as biventricular involvement and intracardiac giant thrombus: a case report.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder characterized by the formation of non-necrotizing granulomas in various organs. Cardiac sarcoidosis presents with various clinical, anatomical, and electrophysiological manifestations. As cardiac involvement is related to adverse outcomes, the early diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis is crucial and sometimes challenging.

Heart-derived collagen promotes maturation of engineered heart tissue.

Although the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays essential roles in heart tissue engineering, the optimal ECM components for heart tissue organization have not previously been elucidated. Here, we focused on the main ECM component, fibrillar collagen, and analyzed the effects of collagens on heart tissue engineering, by comparing the use of porcine heart-derived collagen and other organ-derived collagens in generating engineered heart tissue (EHT). We demonstrate that heart-derived collagen induces better contraction and relaxation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived EHT (hiPSC-EHT) and that hiPSC-EHT with heart-derived collagen exhibit more mature profiles than those with collagens from other organs.

The role of torsional stress in the development of subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head: A finite element model analysis.

Background: Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head generally occurs without evidence of trauma or with a history of minor trauma. Insufficient bone quality is considered one cause; however, the detailed mechanism of fracture development at the subchondral area (SA) is not understood. The aim of this study was to clarify the directions of force that cause subchondral fracture using finite element model analysis.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy caused by metastatic ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma: a case report and literature review.

Background: Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare entity with poor prognosis, and often diagnosed postmortem. PTTM is resulting from tumor emboli induced activation of coagulation cascade, fibrin clot formation and fibrocellular intimal proliferation in pulmonary microvasculature.

Case: The patient was a 65-year-old female, with past medical history of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma, presented with chest pain and shortness of breath.

Purification of cardiomyocytes and neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells by inhibition of fatty acid synthesis.

Here we describe a protocol to obtain highly pure cardiomyocytes and neurons from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) via metabolic selection processes. Compared to conventional purification protocols, this approach is easier to perform and scale up and more cost-efficient. The protocol can be applied to hiPSCs and human embryonic stem cells.

Protocol for enhanced proliferation of human pluripotent stem cells in tryptophan-fortified media.

We describe a protocol for the efficient culture of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) by supplementing conventional culture medium with L-tryptophan (TRP). TRP is an essential amino acid that is widely available at an affordable cost, thereby allowing cost-effective proliferation of hPSCs compared to using a conventional medium alone. Here, we describe the steps for enhanced proliferation of hPSCs from dermal fibroblasts or peripheral blood cells, but the protocol can be applied to any hPSCs.

Early gastric mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm with early poor prognosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection: A case report.

Early gastric mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) are rare diseases, with no data on their incidence and prognosis. We report the case of intramucosal gastric MiNENs for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) treatment. An 80-year-old male underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy for screening and was suspected of early gastric cancer type 0-IIa+IIc on the lesser curvature of the antrum, for which ESD treatment was performed.

Nuclear Ceramide Is Associated with Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Activation in the Neocarzinostatin-Induced Apoptosis of Lymphoblastoid Cells.

Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid that mediates ionizing radiation- and chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Neocarzinostatin (NCS) is a genotoxic anti-cancer drug that induces apoptosis in response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) through ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) activation. However, the involvement of ceramide in NCS-evoked nuclear events such as DSB-activated ATM has not been clarified.

Rate of Return to Work After Periacetabular Osteotomy and Its Influencing Factors.

Background: Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) has been reported as a treatment for patients with symptomatic developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Several studies have investigated the rate of return to sports activities after PAO, but few studies have evaluated the rate of return to work. In the present study, we aimed to identify the rate of return to work at 1 year after PAO and its affecting factors.

Relationship between fatty liver change and nutritional status after total gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients: a retrospective study.

Background: The relationship between chronological nutritional changes and development of fatty liver after total gastrectomy (TG) in gastric cancer (GC) patients is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate relationship between development of fatty liver and chronological changes of nutritional parameters during 12 months after TG.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 59 patients with GC who underwent TG at the Kanazawa Medical University Hospital between January 2009 and December 2017.

A Method for Cardiac Differentiation, Purification, and Cardiac Spheroid Production of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are one of the most promising cell sources for regenerative medicine. To realize the promise of hiPSCs for cardiac regenerative therapy, three major obstacles must be overcome: the first is the achievement of large-scale production of cardiomyocytes, the second is the successful elimination of non-cardiac cells containing residual pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to prevent tumor formation, and the third is the achievement of high engraftment efficiency of transplanted cardiomyocytes. In this chapter, we introduce our protocols for cardiac differentiation, purification, and preparation of cardiac spheroids for safe and effective regenerative medicine.

Laparoscopic intraperitoneal mesh repair of a large incisional hernia in a kidney transplantation patient: A case report.

A 73-year-old woman presented to our hospital because of painful bulging in the right lower abdomen, and developed a 17 × 12 cm incisional hernia after kidney transplantation using right oblique incision. Laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) repair was performed. Since a transplanted kidney is close to the abdominal wall defect, the space between the transplanted kidney and the abdominal wall was peeled off to secure enough space for the mesh to be place.

Advanced gastric cancer with abdominal wall invasion treated with curative resection after chemotherapy: a case report.

Introduction: In patients with gastric cancer, 6-27% of patients are diagnosed with T4b disease that invades adjacent organs, and curative resection can improve the prognosis of these patients.

Case Presentation: A 70-year-old Japanese man presented with an abdominal tumor and was diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer (L-Circ type 3 T4b N2 M0 H0 stage IVA, based on the 15th edition of the Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma) with extensive abdominal wall invasion. We performed open gastrojejunal bypass for gastric obstruction and initiated a chemotherapeutic regimen comprising S-1 (120 mg/day) and oxaliplatin (100 mg/m).

Correlation between cerebral blood flow and olfactory function in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Olfactory dysfunction is common in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to elucidate brain regions associated with olfactory dysfunction in patients with MCI and early AD by using 123I-IMP-SPECT to detect regional cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Methods: We included 218 patients diagnosed with AD or MCI, who underwent a comprehensive battery of neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological tests, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Part (ADAS-Cog), and forward- and backward-digit span.

Distinctive regional asymmetry in dopaminergic and serotoninergic dysfunction in degenerative Parkinsonisms.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify regional asymmetry in dopaminergic and serotoninergic dysfunction in degenerative parkinsonisms, using dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography images.

Material And Methods: This study included 213 consecutive participants (Parkinson's disease [n = 111], dementia with Lewy bodies [n = 64], progressive supranuclear palsy with Richardson's syndrome [n = 18], and healthy participants [n = 20]) who underwent both magnetic resonance imaging and I-labelled 2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl) nortropane single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography. Using normalized specific binding ratio images, we created voxel-wise regional asymmetry index images to identify the regional specific pattern of regional asymmetries in degenerative parkinsonisms.

Tryptophan Metabolism Regulates Proliferative Capacity of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have a unique metabolic signature for maintenance of pluripotency, self-renewal, and survival. Although hPSCs could be potentially used in regenerative medicine, the prohibitive cost associated with large-scale cell culture presents a major barrier to the clinical application of hPSC. Moreover, without a fully characterized metabolic signature, hPSC culture conditions are not optimized.

Metabolism of human pluripotent stem cells and differentiated cells for regenerative therapy: a focus on cardiomyocytes.

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exhibit promising application in regenerative therapy, drug discovery, and disease modeling. While several protocols for differentiating somatic cells from PSCs exist, their use is limited by contamination of residual undifferentiated PSCs and immaturity of differentiated somatic cells.The metabolism of PSCs differs greatly from that of somatic cells, and a distinct feature is required to sustain the distinct properties of PSCs.