Publications by authors named "Jun Fujishiro"
Background: The treatments and outcomes of pediatric gastroduodenal perforations have rarely been described.
Methods: We retrospectively identified 515 patients aged 28 days to 17 years who were hospitalized for gastroduodenal perforation between July 2010 and March 2021 using a nationwide inpatient database. We compared characteristics, treatments, and outcomes for pediatric gastroduodenal perforation between children aged <7 years (n = 38) and ≥7 years (n = 477).
Article Synopsis
- Biliary atresia (BA) is a serious liver condition caused by abnormal development of bile ducts, leading to liver damage and possible cirrhosis; type I cystic BA is a rare but important form of this condition.
- Researchers have created a set of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from five Japanese patients with type I cystic BA, which show potential for self-renewal and differentiation.
- Whole genome analysis revealed mutations linked to hepatobiliary issues in these patients, and studying these hiPSCs may help improve understanding of the disease and lead to new treatments.
The efficacy of drug delivery system (DDS)-type near-infrared (NIR) absorbing agents in enhancing laser photothermal therapy is widely acknowledged. Despite the acknowledged efficacy, the therapeutic advantages of photothermal therapy using DDS-type NIR-absorbing agents over simple photothermal therapy without such agents have not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to investigate two primary objectives: firstly, the ability of DDS-type NIR-absorbing agents to induce cell death at greater depths within tumors, and secondly, their capacity to minimize collateral damage to adjacent healthy organs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe herein report a novel de novo KCNH5 variant in a patient with refractory epileptic encephalopathy. The patient exhibited seizures at 1 year and 7 months old, which gradually worsened, leading to a bedridden status. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed cerebral atrophy and cerebellar hypoplasia.
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- The study investigates the features, treatment methods, and outcomes of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) in patients with heritable connective tissue disorders such as Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos, and Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndromes.
- Data from a nationwide database in Japan included 524 SSP patients across 884 hospitalizations, comparing surgical versus nonsurgical interventions.
- Results indicated that surgical patients experienced lower readmission rates for pneumothorax, with younger patients and those with specific syndromes exhibiting a higher risk of recurrence, providing valuable insights for clinical decision-making.
Background: Biliary atresia (BA) is an intractable disease of unknown cause that develops in the neonatal period. It causes jaundice and liver damage due to the destruction of extrahepatic biliary tracts,. We have found that heterozygous knockout mice of the SRY related HMG-box 17 (Sox17) gene, a master regulator of stem/progenitor cells in the gallbladder wall, exhibit a condition like BA.
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- Congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSSs) vary in phenotype and pose challenges in determining the best treatment and prognosis, with a study analyzing 122 cases in Japan from 2000-2019 to gather insights.
- The majority of patients (61.5%) had portal vein (PV) visibility on imaging; however, complications like hyperammonemia and liver masses were notably more prevalent in those without PV visualization, indicating a link between imaging results and health outcomes.
- While most patients received treatment, including surgical options, those without PV visualization were more likely to experience complications, suggesting the need for early intervention even in asymptomatic cases.
Background: Postoperative pulmonary growth in congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CDH) remains unclear. We investigated postoperative pulmonary vascular growth using serial lung perfusion scintigraphy in patients with CDH.
Methods: Neonates with left CDH who underwent surgery and postoperative lung perfusion scintigraphy at our institution between 2001 and 2020 were included.
: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) has been employed for the endoscopic treatment of common bile duct stones (CBDSs) and has been reported to have a high success rate for stone removal. However, EST is associated with a risk of bleeding, perforation, and sphincter of Oddi function disruption. To avoid these risks, endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) is an option for CBDS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic limited the delivery of medical resources. Although surgeries are triaged according to disease severity and urgency, a delay in diagnosis and surgery can be detrimental. We conducted this study to analyze data on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric surgery for different diseases or disorders.
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- The study examines the potential for non-classical monocytes (NCMs) to improve the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in colon cancer, which typically have a low response rate.
- Using a mouse model with colon cancer, researchers treated the mice with a combination of ICIs and NCMs and found that this combination was more effective than ICIs alone.
- The results indicate that while NCMs enhance the response to ICIs, they do not work effectively on their own; further research will explore how this works and its potential clinical applications.
Proper nutritional management is important for the growth and development of children with motor or intellectual disabilities; however, few studies have investigated the nutrient intake of children with disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the nutrient intake and food groups that are the main sources of nutrients for children with disabilities. This cross-sectional observational study included twenty-five children (mean age, 11⋅8 years) from five hospitals in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To describe characteristics, treatments and clinical outcomes of patients with trisomy 18 and oesophageal atresia, using a nationwide database in Japan.
Design: Descriptive study using a retrospective cohort.
Setting: A nationwide inpatient database including 90% of hospitals with neonatal intensive care units in Japan.
Purpose: To clarify the influence of surgical volume on the mortality and morbidity of gastrointestinal perforation in children in Japan.
Methods: We collected data on pediatric patients with gastrointestinal perforation between 2017 and 2019, from the National Clinical Database. The surgical volumes of various institutions were classified into three groups: low (average number of surgeries for gastrointestinal perforation/year < 1), medium (≥ 1, < 6), and high (≥ 6).
Background: Laparoscopic surgery for pediatric intussusception has recently become more common as an alternative to open surgery. However, the differences in outcomes between laparoscopic and open surgery remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to compare short-term surgical outcomes and recurrence rates between patients treated with laparoscopic and open surgery for pediatric intussusception.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA comprehensive microbial analysis of pediatric patients with acute appendicitis.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect
August 2023
Background: Pathogenesis of pediatric acute appendicitis (AA) is yet to be elucidated. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive microbial analysis of saliva, feces, and appendiceal lumen of AA patients using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing to elucidate the pathogenesis of pediatric AA.
Methods: This study included 33 AA patients and 17 healthy controls (HCs) aged <15 y.
Article Synopsis
- * Out of 667 identified patients, the overall incidence of leakage was 7.8%, with higher rates seen in staged repair procedures (21.2%) and longer surgery times (12.6% for >3.5 hours).
- * The findings indicate that staged repairs and prolonged operative times significantly increase the risk of leakage, highlighting the need for improved treatment strategies for these complex cases.
Background: Segmental dilatation of the colon (SDC) is a rare disease that is characterized by an abrupt segment of dilated colon between regions of normal-sized colon. We herein report a case of SDC associated with Hirschsprung's disease (HD).
Case Presentation: The patient developed abdominal distension soon after birth, and enema examination showed localized intestinal dilatation from the descending colon to the sigmoid colon with significant caliber changes on both the oral and anal sides of the dilated colon.
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a key role in development and carcinogenesis. Although some target genes of this signaling have been identified in various tissues and neoplasms, the comprehensive understanding of the target genes and their roles in the development of human cancer, including hepatoma and colorectal cancer remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we searched for genes regulated by the Wnt signaling in liver cancer using HuH-7 hepatoma cells.
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- A recent study examined the effects of discharging children with or without oral antibiotics after appendectomy for complicated appendicitis, revealing no clear management consensus in this area.
- The research involved over 13,000 patients and found that those who received oral antibiotics had higher readmission rates for organ space infections compared to those who did not.
- Ultimately, the study suggests that administering oral antibiotics after adequate intravenous treatment may increase the risk of complications post-surgery in children.
Background: Little is known about perioperative outcomes after pediatric thyroidectomy. This study was performed to compare perioperative outcomes between children and adults undergoing thyroid cancer surgery using a nationwide inpatient database in Japan.
Methods: Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, we identified patients aged 0 to 40 years with thyroid cancer who underwent thyroidectomy from July 2010 to March 2020.
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the perioperative outcomes of laparoscopically assisted anorectoplasty (LAARP) and conventional procedures (CPs) for anorectal malformation (ARM) using a national inpatient database in Japan.
Methods: Using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, we identified patients who underwent anorectoplasty for high- or intermediate-type ARMs from 2010 to 2019. Primary outcomes were postoperative rectal prolapse, anal stenosis, and general complications.