Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the preferred treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without targetable oncogene alterations. However, evidence in the elderly population (aged ≥ 65 years) remains limited.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for eligible publications until September 30, 2024.

Drug Target Investigation of --Coumaroyl-'-Caffeoylputrescine, a Naturally-Occurring Alkaloid Derived from .

The exploration of drug targets has always been a priority in new drug research, and this work is even more essential for natural active compounds. is a traditional Tibetan medicine with excellent antioxidant properties. In this study, an alkaloid, --coumaroyl-'-caffeoylputrescine (PCC), was first isolated from the plant, , with a DPPH scavenging rate of 0.

Practically complementary size exclusion chromatography and reversed-phase liquid chromatography for the preparative separation of structurally similar flavone-C-glycosides.

In this study, a practicably complementary size exclusion chromatography and reversed-phase liquid chromatography method was constructed and applied to efficiently separate and purify structural analogs or isomers from natural products. First, a ternary styrene-divinylbenzene matrix CHP20P medium-pressure elution system was applied for Ligustrum qianluoenenst leaf crude sample pretreatment, with a recovery of 91.2 %, and 13.

Isolation of highly polar galloyl glucoside tautomers from Saxifraga tangutica through preparative chromatography and assessment of their in vitro antioxidant activity.

In this work, the rapid and efficient preparation of isolated galloyl glucoside tautomer free radical inhibitors was investigated using Saxifraga tangutica as a raw material. Four highly polar galloyl glucoside tautomers, 3-O-galloyl-α-D-glucose ⇌ 3-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (Fr2-1-1), 2-O-galloyl-α-D-glucose ⇌ 2-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (Fr2-1-2/2-1-3), 1-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (Fr2-2-1), and 6-O-galloyl-α-D-glucose ⇌ 6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (Fr2-3-1/Fr2-3-2), were obtained via two-step medium-pressure liquid chromatography (with solid loading instead of conventional liquid injection) and one-step high-performance chromatography coupled with on-line RPLC-DPPH techniques for targeted isolation. This separation integration technique not only increases sample intake and reduces time cost but also visualizes each step of targeted separation.

Treatment strategies for elderly patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery remains a standard of care for resectable esophageal cancer (EC), and definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) is an alternative for unresectable diseases. However, it is controversial for the use of the two aggressive regimens in elderly patients.

Methods: We systematically searched multiple databases for studies comparing overall survival (OS) and/or progression-free survival (PFS) between dCRT and surgery (nCRT + surgery or surgery alone) or between dCRT and radiotherapy (RT) alone in elderly patients (age ≥ 65 years) until March 28, 2024.

Postoperative radiotherapy for completely resected thymoma and thymic carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) after complete tumor resection in patients with thymoma or thymic carcinoma remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to identify groups that would benefit from PORT.

Methods: Multiple scientific databases were systematically searched for studies comparing overall survival (OS) and/or disease-free survival (DFS) between PORT and surgery alone in patients with completely resected thymomas or thymic carcinomas until April 10, 2024.

Spatiotemporal correlation enhanced real-time 4D-CBCT imaging using convolutional LSTM networks.

Purpose: To enhance the accuracy of real-time four-dimensional cone beam CT (4D-CBCT) imaging by incorporating spatiotemporal correlation from the sequential projection image into the single projection-based 4D-CBCT estimation process.

Methods: We first derived 4D deformation vector fields (DVFs) from patient 4D-CT. Principal component analysis (PCA) was then employed to extract distinctive feature labels for each DVF, focusing on the first three PCA coefficients.

A comparative study of F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and pelvic MRI in newly diagnosed prostate cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the difference in the diagnostic efficacy of F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and pelvic MRI in primary prostate cancer, as well as the correlation between the two methods and histopathological parameters and serum PSA levels.

Methods: A total of 41 patients with suspected prostate cancer who underwent F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT imaging in our department from 2018 to 2023 were retrospectively collected. All patients underwent F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and MRI scans.

Innovative orthogonal two-dimensional reversed-phase liquid chromatography × supercritical fluid chromatography with a phenyl/tetrazole stationary phase for the preparative isolation of diarylheptanoids.

In this investigation, we successfully isolated and purified natural diarylheptanoids using an orthogonal offline two-dimensional RPLC × SFC approach, employing only the phenyl/tetrazole stationary phase. First, a styrene-divinylbenzene matrix medium pretreatment liquid chromatography system effectively processed chlorophyll-containing plant extract solution with a recovery rate of 33.8 %, obviating the need for concentration steps.

The global nitrogen regulator GlnR is a direct transcriptional repressor of the key gluconeogenic gene in actinomycetes.

Unlabelled: In most actinomycetes, GlnR governs both nitrogen and non-nitrogen metabolisms (e.g., carbon, phosphate, and secondary metabolisms).

Protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by 3-caffeoylquinic acid isomers isolated from .

The development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) involves a variety of pathophysiological responses, such as mitochondrial dysfunction. Many compounds with antioxidant activity isolated from natural products have been shown to have significant effects on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the palliative effects of 3-caffeoylquinic acid isomers isolated from () on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI).

Pneumonitis Risk After Chemoradiotherapy With and Without Immunotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is the standard of care for patients with unresectable and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. This study aimed to determine whether the addition of ICIs to CRT is associated with an increased risk of pneumonitis.

Methods And Materials: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched for eligible studies published between January 1, 2015, and July 31, 2023.

Impact of Preparative Isolation of C-Glycosylflavones Derived from on In Vitro Glucose Metabolism.

L. has been extensively studied for its potential medicinal properties in traditional Chinese medicine and is often consumed as a tea by traditional folk. It has the potential to be exploited in the treatment of inflammation, immunological disorders, and diabetic nephropathy.

Predictive value of Dmax and %ΔSUVmax of F-FDG PET/CT for the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Purpose: To investigate the prognosis value of a combined model based on F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-FDG PET-CT) baseline and interim parameters in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the PET metabolic parameters and clinical data of 154 DLBCL patients between December 2015 and October 2020. All of these patients underwent F-FDG PET/CT scan before treatment and after three or four courses of chemotherapy.

First-line treatment with TKI plus brain radiotherapy versus TKI alone in EGFR-mutated non-small cell Lung cancer with brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: It remains uncertain whether first-line treatment with upfront brain radiotherapy (RT) in combined with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) is superior to EGFR-TKIs alone for EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with newly diagnosed brain metastases (BMs). Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to address this issue.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for eligible studies published until February 28, 2023.

Comparison of post-chemoradiotherapy pneumonitis between Asian and non-Asian patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pneumonitis is a common complication for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). It remains unclear whether there is ethnic difference in the incidence of post-CRT pneumonitis.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for eligible studies from January 1, 2000 to April 30, 2023.

An exploratory study of unexplained concentration of F-PSMA-1007 in the bladder for prostate cancer PET/CT imaging.

F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT imaging is increasingly used for the diagnosis, staging, and efficacy assessment of patients with prostate cancer. Compared with other PSMA tracers, F-PSMA-1007 is mainly cleared by the liver and bile and has lower urinary clearance, thus allowing a better assessment of the lesions around the bladder. However, there were some patients who showed an obvious concentration of the F-PSMA-1007 in the bladder, which may affect the observation of peripheral lesions, but the mechanism of this change is unknown.

An Integrated Strategy for Investigating Antioxidants from Royle ex Decne and Their Potential Target Proteins.

Natural products have been used extensively around the world for many years as therapeutic, prophylactic, and health-promotive agents. Royle ex Decne, a plant used in traditional Tibetan medicine, has been demonstrated to have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the material basis of its medicinal effects has not been sufficiently explored.

Survival and prognostic factors in patients with synchronous multiple primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving definitive radiotherapy: A propensity score-matched analysis.

Purpose: To compare the lesion characteristics and radiotherapy efficacy of patients with single and multiple esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), to evaluate the effect of multiple lesions on ESCC, and establish a nomogram survival prediction model for patients with synchronous multiple primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SMPESCC) who received definitive radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: The study enrolled 1,034 patients with ESCC who underwent definitive radiotherapy between 2010 and 2020. The efficacy of radiotherapy was compared between 101 patients with SMPESCC and 933 patients with single ESCC.

Comparison of initial learning algorithms for long short-term memory method on real-time respiratory signal prediction.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the effect of the weight initializers on the respiratory signal prediction performance using the long short-term memory (LSTM) model.

Methods: Respiratory signals collected with the CyberKnife Synchrony device during 304 breathing motion traces were used in this study. The effectiveness of four weight initializers (Glorot, He, Orthogonal, and Narrow-normal) on the prediction performance of the LSTM model was investigated.

Prognostic factors for pulmonary carcinoid with positive lymph node after surgical resection: a SEER database study.

Background: Prognostic factors and role with chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) remain unclear for patients of pulmonary carcinoid (PC) with positive lymph node after surgery.

Methods: PC patients who underwent surgery and with positive lymph node between 2000 and 2016 were identified from the SEER database. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis were used to identify independent risk factors for overall survival (OS).

Performance of F-FAPI PET/CT in assessing glioblastoma before radiotherapy: a pilot study.

Background: We aimed to determine the performance of  F-FAPI PET/CT used for preprocedural assessment of glioblastoma before radiotherapy.

Methods: Twelve glioblastoma patients having undergone incomplete surgical resection or biopsy were examined with  F-FAPI PET/CT and MRI scanning before radiotherapy. All patients had confirmed tumor residues according to findings of histopathological and/or long-term clinical and radiological follow-ups.

The Isolation and Preparation of Samwinol from and Prevention on Aβ-Induced Neuroinflammation in PC-12 Cells.

() is a traditional Chinese Tibetan medicine that has been used for the treatment of lymphitis, hepatitis, and bronchitis. However, only a few selected chemical components are currently obtained from , which limits its further pharmacological applications. In this study, we have obtained samwinol from by medium- and high-pressure liquid chromatography separation for the first time.