Upregulated Nuclear Y-box Binding Protein-1 Expression is Closely Associated with Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Expression in Endometrial Cancer.

Enhanced oncogenic Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) expression, associated with the aberrant expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, survival, and drug resistance, can predict prognostic outcomes in patients with various malignancies. We examined whether YB-1 could predict prognostic outcomes in patients with endometrial cancer and whether enhanced YB-1 expression affects the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in endometrial cancer. We examined the expression levels of YB-1 and mTOR in tumor samples of 166 patients with endometrial cancer, including those with endometrioid grade 1-3, serous carcinoma, and stage I-IV disease, who underwent surgery.

Auerbach's plexus invasion as a key pathological factor for predicting outcomes in ampullary carcinoma.

Background: Ampullary carcinoma (AC) has a poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic and perineural invasion beyond the duodenal muscularis propria. However, no studies were focused on evaluating Auerbach's plexus (AP) invasion in AC, and its clinical pathological significance remains unclear. In this study, we examined the clinical significance of AP invasion in patients with AC.

The Impact of Adverse Events in Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy on Histopathological Diagnosis.

: Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has a high incidence of adverse events. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of these events and the condition of the pathology samples or pathological diagnosis in TBLC. : We studied 102 patients who underwent TBLC for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease.

Additional report: recurrence of intraductal papilloma with atypical ductal hyperplasia as solid papillary carcinoma.

We report a case of solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) that developed at the site of a previous intraductal papilloma (IDP) with atypical ductal hyperplasia. This case supports IDP as a potential precursor lesion to SPC.

Clinicopathological significance of sulfite oxidase expression in surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma.

Aim: The coenzyme sulfite oxidase (SUOX), located in mitochondria, plays a role in redox and metabolism. Its expression has been associated with cancer progression and prognosis. Lung cancer has a high incidence rate and poor prognosis.

Histological Improvement of Hepatic Fibrosis of Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis after Prednisolone and Azathioprine Treatment in a Patient with Autoimmune Hepatitis.

The treatment of the underlying cause of liver disease may potentially reverse hepatic fibrosis. However, it remains uncertain whether improvement in fibrosis can be observed in decompensated liver cirrhosis (LC). Here, we present a case of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)-related LC in which histological improvement of fibrosis was achieved despite the presence of decompensated LC.

A Rare Case of Primary Hepatic Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma: Exploring Cancer-related Gene Mutations.

Hepatic undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor with unclear cancer-related genetic mutations. In a 60-year-old Japanese woman with a rapidly growing, inoperable hepatic UPS, a genetic mutation analysis revealed KRAS and TP53 mutations. Despite initiating hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, the tumor continued to grow, and the patient's poor performance status complicated the transition to a phase I KRAS mutation drug trial, leading to death eight months after the symptom onset.

Gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase, a molecule identified from the invasive front of follicular thyroid carcinoma, is useful for differential diagnosis of follicular thyroid tumors.

We aimed to establish a useful molecular marker for differentiating between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular adenoma (FA). RNA was extracted from the invasive front and paired tumor center tissues from three FTC cases using laser microdissection for cDNA microarray analysis, revealing high expression of gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase (GGCT) in the invasive front. Subsequently, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of GGCT was performed with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections of FTC (n = 32), FA (n = 64), and follicular tumor of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP, n = 5).

A Rare Case of Undifferentiated Carcinoma of the Liver Arising in the Context of Primary Biliary Cholangitis.

Undifferentiated carcinoma of the liver is a rare and difficult-to-detect form of primary liver cancer. We herein report the first case of undifferentiated carcinoma of the liver in a 70-year-old Japanese woman with primary biliary cholangitis. The patient was diagnosed with cStage IVA liver cancer (85 mm in diameter) and treated with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, 30 Gy radiotherapy, and 11 courses of on-demand transarterial chemoembolization.

Clinicopathological Evaluation of Postpancreaticoduonenectomy Hemorrhage with Endovascular Treatment.

Introduction: Postpancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage (PPH) is a serious complication. Fatty or nonfibrous pancreas, or both, is a risk factor for pancreatic fistula. This study assessed various prognostic factors for interventional procedures for PPH, also focusing on the degree of pancreatic fatty infiltration/fibrosis evaluated histopathologically.

Sonic hedgehog expression in steatohepatitic hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinicopathological significance.

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway dysregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, and the sonic Hh (SHh) protein, a pivotal molecule in the Hh pathway, is expressed in ballooned hepatocytes. The present study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance of SHh expression in steatohepatitic hepatocellular carcinoma (SH-HCC). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were performed to examine gene and SHh protein expression in SH-HCC.

Identification of DNA Repair-related Genes as Biomarkers Reflecting MSI, TMB, and TIL in Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: There are no established biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) with microsatellite stability (MSS) or proficient mismatch repair (pMMR). Therefore, this study aimed to identify biomarkers for ICI benefit in patients with pMMR by analyzing the down-regulated DNA repair-related genes involved in highly immunogenic and immune responses, and comparing their expression levels and clinical features.

Materials And Methods: Mismatch repair (MMR), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and tumor mutation burden (TMB) were evaluated in 13 CRC cases and mRNA expression levels of 95 DNA repair-related genes were measured.

Clinicopathological Study of Resected and Recurrent Cases of Intrahepatic Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm of the Bile Duct.

Background/aim: This study aimed to characterize intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) in patients undergoing initial and recurrent surgical resection and to evaluate the appropriateness of surgical treatment strategies.

Patients And Methods: This study included 14 patients who underwent liver resection for intrahepatic IPNB. We assessed intraoperative and postoperative clinicopathological factors in patients undergoing both initial and recurrent surgeries.

Soluble form of the MDA5 protein in human sera.

Viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is sensed by toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), including melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5). MDA5 recognizes the genome of dsRNA viruses and replication intermediates of single-stranded RNA viruses. MDA5 also plays an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases, such as Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome and type I diabetes.

Successful Superficial Blood Sampling to Localize a Fibroblast Growth Factor-23-Producing Tumor.

BACKGROUND Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a paraneoplastic syndrome caused by aberrant fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23)-producing tumors. Early surgical resection is the optimal strategy for preventing TIO progression. Thus, tumor localization is a priority for successful treatment.