Differential expression of individual transcript variants of PD-1 and PD-L2 genes on Th-1/Th-2 status is guaranteed for prognosis prediction in PCNSL.

In current molecular medicine, next-generation sequencing (NGS) for transcript variant detection and multivariable analyses are valid methods for evaluating gene expression, cancer mechanisms, and prognoses of patients. We conducted RNA-sequencing on samples from patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) using NGS and performed multivariable analysis on gene expression data and correlations focused on Th-1/Th-2 helper T cell balance and immune checkpoint to identify diagnosis/prognosis markers and cancer immune pathways in PCNSL. We selected 84 transcript variants to limit the analysis range for Th-1/Th-2 balance and stimulatory and inhibitory checkpoints in 31 PCNSLs.

Target amplicon exome-sequencing identifies promising diagnosis and prognostic markers involved in RTK-RAS and PI3K-AKT signaling as central oncopathways in primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Exome-sequencing for somatic mutation detection and copy number variation analysis are effective and valid methods for evaluating human cancers in current molecular medicine. We conducted target amplicon exome-sequencing analyses using PCR target enrichment and next-generation sequencing on Ion Proton semiconductor sequencers. Twenty-seven primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) specimens and their corresponding noncancerous tissues were used for multiplex PCR amplification to obtain targeted coverages of the entire coding regions of 409 cancer-related genes.

Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Expression in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas: A Clinicopathological Study.

Background/aim: Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) have been shown to predict response to PD-L1/PD-1-targeted therapy. We analyzed PD-L1 expression in primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs).

Materials And Methods: PD-L1 protein and mRNA expression were evaluated in 64 PCNSL tissue samples.

Long-term survivors of primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Objective: In this study, we provide long-term outcome data of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Methods: The long-term outcomes of PCNSL patients diagnosed between 1982 and 2006 were reviewed. Neurological late neurotoxicity symptoms, neuroradiological brain atrophy and leukoencephalopathy were evaluated.

Gene expression signature-based prognostic risk score in patients with glioblastoma.

The present study aimed to identify genes associated with patient survival to improve our understanding of the underlying biology of gliomas. We investigated whether the expression of genes selected using random survival forests models could be used to define glioma subgroups more objectively than standard pathology. The RNA from 32 non-treated grade 4 gliomas were analyzed using the GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.

Gene expression signature-based prognostic risk score in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Purpose: Better understanding of the underlying biology of primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) is critical for the development of early detection strategies, molecular markers, and new therapeutics. This study aimed to define genes associated with survival of patients with PCNSL.

Experimental Design: Expression profiling was conducted on 32 PCNSLs.

Identification and validation of a gene expression signature that predicts outcome in malignant glioma patients.

Better understanding of the underlying biology of malignant gliomas is critical for the development of early detection strategies and new therapeutics. This study aimed to define genes associated with survival. We investigated whether genes selected using random survival forests model could be used to define subgroups of gliomas objectively.

Salvage therapy and late neurotoxicity in patients with recurrent primary CNS lymphoma treated with a modified ProMACE-MOPP hybrid regimen.

We report the efficacy of salvage therapy with a modified ProMACE-MOPP combined with radiation in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Thirty-two immunocompetent patients were treated with a regimen of pirarubicin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, vincristin, and methotrexate (MTX: 500 mg/m(2)) administered in 21-day cycles. Patients received 20 Gy of whole-brain radiotherapy after three cycles of chemotherapy.

False lateralization of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy by noninvasive neurophysiological examinations.

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is the most common form of symptomatic localization-related epilepsy and is surgically remediable. Lateralization of the seizure onset is particularly important to determine from a surgical perspective. A 39-year-old woman with intractable mTLE first exhibited seizure at the age of 3 years.

Increased expression of pituitary tumor-transforming gene (PTTG)-1 is correlated with poor prognosis in glioma patients.

Pituitary tumor-transforming gene (PTTG), which is homologous to a mammalian securin, plays a pivotal role in cell transformation and is overexpressed in numerous cancer cell lines and tissues. PTTG functions in the control of mitosis, cell transformation, DNA repair and gene regulation. In the present study, we investigated whether the expression of PTTG1 is correlated with tumorigenicity and prognosis in glioma patients.

Increased expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta correlates with prognosis in glioma patients.

C/EBP beta (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta) is a transcriptional factor that belongs to the basic region-leucine zipper class DNA-binding proteins and plays a role in cell differentiation and inflammatory reactions. Although high tissue levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and transforming growth factor-beta, have been observed in glioma patients, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain to be elucidated. C/EBP beta induces a variety of cytokines and thus may play a role in the pathogenesis of glioma.

Isolation and characterization of an N-linked oligosaccharide that is increased in glioblastoma tissue and cell lines.

We have isolated and characterized N-linked oligo-saccharides that are significantly increased in glioblastoma tissue and cell lines. The structures of N-linked oligosaccharides present in 3 human normal brain tissues, 15 patients with glio-blastoma and 3 glioma cell lines were analyzed by partially automated technique for the isolation and fluorescent labeling of N-linked sugar chains from glycoproteins. Characterization of the sugar chains was achieved with the use of a combination of HPLC columns and a highly sensitive fluorescence detector at femtomole levels.

Immunologic evaluation of personalized peptide vaccination for patients with advanced malignant glioma.

Purpose: The primary goal of this phase I study was to assess the safety and immunologic responses of personalized peptide vaccination for patients with advanced malignant glioma.

Experimental Design: Twenty-five patients with advanced malignant glioma (8 grade 3 and 17 grade 4 gliomas) were evaluated in a phase I clinical study of a personalized peptide vaccination. For personalized peptide vaccination, prevaccination peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma were provided to examine cellular and humoral responses to 25 or 23 peptides in HLA-A24+ or HLA-A2+ patients, respectively; then, only the reactive peptides (maximum of four) were used for in vivo administration.