Surgical Venous Drainage Disconnection from Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula and Ruptured Varix.

Background: Cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (CS dAVFs) occasionally behave aggressively (e.g., intracranial hemorrhage, venous infarction, seizures) depending on the drainage flow and presence of a collateral route of cortical or basal cerebral venous drainage.

Subacute lesion volume as a potential prognostic biomarker for acute ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to identify whether subacute diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion volume could predict long-term outcome in patients who had undergone intravenous thrombolysis.

Method: Patients underwent DWI at baseline and 7days after thrombolysis. Outcomes included complete independence (modified Rankin scale [mRS] score 0 to 1), unfavorable outcome (mRS score 4 to 6) at 90days, and mortality within 90days.

Cardiac diastolic dysfunction predicts in-hospital mortality in acute ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation.

Background: The aim of this study was to identify whether diastolic dysfunction predicts in-hospital death in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation.

Method: We retrospectively analyzed data from enrolled patients with ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation who presented within 24h of onset. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography to evaluate diastolic filling pressure estimated as the ratio of early transmitral flow velocity (E) to mitral annular velocity (e') within 24h of admission.

Measurement of carotid stenosis using duplex ultrasonography with a microconvex array transducer: a validation with cerebral angiography.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the validity of duplex ultrasonography (DUS) using a microconvex array transducer (MAT) with enhanced flow imaging (EFI) for visualization of the distal, internal carotid artery (ICA) and the accurate assessment of ICA stenosis.

Methods: Patients who underwent both DUS and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were registered for this study. DUS was performed by using a linear array transducer (LAT) and an MAT with EFI.

"Snake fang" sign without carotid stenosis on duplex ultrasonography indicates high risk of artery-to-artery embolic stroke.

Background And Purpose: Artery-to-artery embolism generally occurs in patients with not only moderate to severe arterial stenosis but also plaque vulnerability. Two unique cases with free-floating thrombi at the distal side of the small plaque in the internal carotid artery without stenosis are presented and its clinical implications are discussed.

Results: Two middle-aged men suffered embolic stroke.