Publications by authors named "Jumpei Akao"

Article Synopsis
  • A study examined the effectiveness of avelumab and pembrolizumab, treatments for metastatic urothelial carcinoma post-chemotherapy, focusing on factors predicting patient outcomes.
  • The research included 243 patients, analyzing characteristics and blood data to identify independent prognostic factors like performance status and specific blood markers.
  • Findings indicate a new risk score utilizing platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and lactate dehydrogenase levels could effectively predict overall survival after starting immune checkpoint inhibitors, outperforming existing models.
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Article Synopsis
  • A study examined the effectiveness of avelumab maintenance therapy compared to pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic and unresectable urothelial carcinoma after 4 cycles of chemotherapy without disease progression.
  • Data from 243 patients treated between January 2017 and December 2022 was analyzed, with a focus on oncological outcomes and adverse events using a method called propensity score matching.
  • The findings indicated that both avelumab and pembrolizumab had similar progression-free survival rates, but avelumab required a lower rate of high-dose glucocorticoid treatment.
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Background: Pembrolizumab is effective in a limited number of patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC). Therefore, we evaluated the prognostic value of clinical biomarkers following pembrolizumab treatment in patients with advanced UC.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 121 patients with platinum-refractory advanced UC who received pembrolizumab.

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Background: Currently, there is no consensus regarding which patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) would benefit the most by radical prostatectomy (RP). We aimed to identify patients with high-risk PCa who are treatable by RP alone.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data on 315 patients with D'Amico high-risk PCa who were treated using RP without neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy at the institutions of the Yamaguchi Uro-Oncology Group between 2009 and 2013.

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Objective: To date, there are few reliable markers to distinguish tumors with aggressive characteristics in upper tract urothelial carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to identify a biomarker related to genetic instability (chromosomal instability or microsatellite instability) with prognostic value, in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Methods: Expression of chromosomal instability-related markers (BUBR1, p53, polo-like kinase 1) and microsatellite instability-related markers (mismatch repair proteins, MLH1 and MSH2) were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 100 patients who had radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

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Objectives: To clarify the significance of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in patients with pT3N0M0 upper urinary tract (UUT) urothelial carcinoma (UC) relative to prognosis in terms of disease-specific survival, as LVI, which implies both blood vessel and lymph vessel involvement, is reportedly a poor prognostic factor in patients with UUT-UC.

Patients And Methods: The clinical records of 90 patients who had surgery for UUT-UC were reviewed retrospectively. The median patient age was 71 years and the median follow-up was 42 months.

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Upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma (UUT-TCC) is quite an uncommon disease, and its prognosis differs among individuals irrespective of tumor stage. DNA repair gene polymorphisms are reported to result in the modulation of the repair capacity and might influence the prognosis of UUT-TCC. We examined the associations between functional polymorphisms in five DNA repair genes, and the prognosis of UUT-TCC in 103 UUT-TCC patients.

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Purpose: Amplification or gain of copy number of chromosome 20q13.2 has been implicated as a causal factor for chromosome instability. We investigated the impact of chromosomal instability and its causative molecular markers, 20q13.

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