Rapid synthesis of BaMoO :Eu red phosphors using microwave irradiation.

This study synthesized BaMoO4:Eu red phosphors using the microwave method. In addition, the phase composition, morphology, and luminescence properties of the red phosphors were characterized using X-ray diffraction, field-scanning electron microscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results revealed that doping red phosphors with different concentrations of Eu does not change the crystal structure of the matrix material.

Distribution and molecular variability of four tobacco viruses in China.

Unlabelled: [Image: see text]

Electronic Supplementary Material: Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s12250-016-3728-2 and is accessible for authorized users.

Development of a concentration method for detection of tobacco mosaic virus in irrigation water.

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) causes significant yield loss in susceptible crops irrigated with contaminated water. However, detection of TMV in water is difficult owing to extremely low concentrations of the virus. Here, we developed a simple method for the detection and quantification of TMV in irrigation water.

Rapid detection of tobacco viruses by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification.

Tobacco viruses may cause a wide range of diseases that heavily reduce tobacco quality and yield worldwide. In order to detect viral diseases in tobacco fields, a one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) method was established. Nucleotide amplification could be observed clearly after adding SYBR Green I, within 60 min under isothermal conditions, at 63-65 °C with a set of primers targeting the viral coat protein (CP) genes of tobacco viruses including cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), potato virus Y (PVY), tobacco etch virus (TEV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV).

Plasma membrane associated transcription of cytoplasmic DNA.

Cytoplasmic membrane-associated DNA (cmDNA) is a species of DNA that attaches to the plasma membrane and has physical and chemical properties that differ from those of bulk chromosomal and mitochondrial DNAs. Here, we used deep sequencing to analyze cmDNA and showed that satellite DNAs consisting of both of simple (CCATT)(N) repeats from the pericentromere regions of the chromosomes and 171-bp α-satellite repeat sequences from centromeres were highly enriched. Importantly, we found there is a special cytoplasmic membrane-associated transcription system in which DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II, which colocalizes with template cmDNA at the plasma membrane, can transcribe the membrane-associated 171-bp α-satellite repeat sequences into RNA.

The costimulatory immunogen LPS induces the B-Cell clones that infiltrate transplanted human kidneys.

The mechanism of chronic rejection of transplanted human kidneys is unknown. An understanding of this process is important because, chronic rejection ultimately leads to loss of the kidney allograft in most transplants. One feature of chronic rejection is the infiltration of ectopic B-cell clusters that are clonal into the transplanted kidney.

A multiplex reverse transcription PCR assay for simultaneous detection of five tobacco viruses in tobacco plants.

Tobacco viruses including Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tobacco etch virus (TEV), Potato virus Y (PVY) and Tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV) are major viruses infecting tobacco and can cause serious crop losses. A multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay was developed to detect simultaneously and differentiate all five viruses. The system used specific primer sets for each virus producing five distinct fragments 237, 273, 347, 456 and 547 bp, representing TMV, CMV subgroup I, TEV, PVY(O) and TVBMV, respectively.

Ectopic B-cell clusters that infiltrate transplanted human kidneys are clonal.

B cells and their immunoglobulin products participate in allograft rejection of transplanted human kidneys in which an interesting feature is the presence of a germinal center like B-cell clusters in the allograft. We report here that the immunoglobulin repertoires of these infiltrating B cells are highly restricted and the B cells within a cluster are clonal. Antibody libraries made from the infiltrating B cells of individual patients unexpectedly revealed that each patient utilizes a particular set of dominant germ line genes as well as dominant complementarity determining region 3.

A new format of single chain tri-specific antibody with diminished molecular size efficiently induces ovarian tumor cell killing.

A combination of bi-specific antibodies (BsAb), anti-tumorxanti-CD3 and anti-tumorxanti-CD28, is effective in vitro and in vivo, whereas production of two kinds of bi-specific antibodies is labor intensive and administration is complicated. Accordingly, we previously developed a new model of single chain tri-specific antibody (scTsAb), sTRI, which linked both the CD3 and CD28 signals for T-cell activation in one molecule, and demonstrated its capacity for triggering T-cells to kill ovary tumor cells. To improve the pharmacokinetics further and decrease the immunogenicity of scTsAb, we have now generated a new format of scTsAb, TR3H, whose molecular size is smaller than sTRI.

A new model of trispecific antibody resulting the cytotoxicity directed against tumor cells.

Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) with specificity to both tumor cells and CD3 molecule were believed to be promising immunological tools for the therapy with minimal residual diseases by activating cytotoxic T cells. However, without costimulatory molecule CD28, the activated T cells tended to apoptosis. In order to kill tumor cells more efficiently, a recombinant multifunctional single-chain trispecific antibody (scTsAb), which contains anti-ovarian carcinoma (OC) scFv, anti-CD3 scFv and VH domain of anti-CD28 antibody, was constructed and expressed in E.

Construction and expression of a reshaped VH domain against human CD28 molecules.

Compared with the amino acid sequence of a mouse anti-human CD28 VH domain antibody, the two most homologous sequences of human antibodies were pulled out from Genbank. One of them was used as the main template for the framework regions of the reshaped VH domain. While the original mouse antibody CDRs were inserted into the human acceptor FRs, some residues in human acceptor FRs, which were different from those of the original mouse FRs in corresponding positions, were then determined or, alternatively, mutagenized to their conservative properties in kappa classification.

A method for constructing reshaping single-domain antibody.

The aim of this research was to demonstrate a novel and practical method for constructing reshaping Single-domain antibodies. Different from other methods, our method does not need to model the configuration of antibodies with specific sequences to determine the sequences of human acceptor FRs and then determine which amino acid residues in human acceptor FRs should be substituted. Most importantly, reshaping and enhancing the antigen binding affinity shared one procedure at the same time.