Temporal and spatial distribution of novel brominated flame retardants in atmosphere of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China.

The occurrence and spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) were studied across five sampling sites in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region over a whole year. By collecting samples (gas and particle) with a high-volume active air sampler (HV-AAS), nine NBFRs were analyzed and the sum concentrations ranged from 1.65 to 344 pg/m, with the highest value found in the urban sampling site in Shijiazhuang City.

Rubber Antioxidants and Their Transformation Products: Environmental Occurrence and Potential Impact.

Antioxidants are prevalently used during rubber production to improve rubber performance, delay aging, and extend service life. However, recent studies have revealed that their transformation products (TPs) could adversely affect environmental organisms and even lead to environmental events, which led to great public concern about environmental occurrence and potential impacts of rubber antioxidants and their TPs. In this review, we first summarize the category and application of rubber antioxidants in the world, and then demonstrate the formation mechanism of their TPs in the environment, emphasizing their influence on the ozone oxidative degradation.

Ecotoxicology of persistent organic pollutants in birds.

Considering the explosive growth of the list of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), the scientific community is combatting increasing challenges to protect humans and wildlife from the potentially negative consequences of POPs. Herein, we characterize the main aspects and progress in the ecotoxicology of POPs in avian species since 2000. The majority of previous efforts has revealed the global occurrence of high levels of various POPs in birds.

Occurrence and human exposure assessment of organophosphate esters in atmospheric PM in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) in atmospheric fine particles (PM) were comprehensively investigated in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region from April 2016 to March 2017. The concentrations of ΣOPEs in all the five sampling sites ranged from 90 to 8291 pg/m (mean 1148 ± 1239 pg/m; median 756 pg/m). The highest level (median 1067 pg/m) was found at one of the urban sites in Beijing, followed by Tianjin (746 pg/m) and Shijiazhuang (724 pg/m).

Novel brominated flame retardants in West Antarctic atmosphere (2011-2018): Temporal trends, sources and chiral signature.

Novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) were comprehensively investigated in both gaseous and particle phase samples collected using a high-volume active air sampler (HV-AAS) at the Chinese Great Wall Station in King George Island, West Antarctica from 2011 to 2018. The concentrations of ∑NBFRs ranged from 0.27 to 3.

Effects of migration and reproduction on the variation in persistent organic pollutant levels in Kentish Plovers from Cangzhou Wetland, China.

Migratory Birds have been considered biovectors of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from sources to remote areas. In the present study, Kentish Plovers (Charadrius alexandrines) were collected in different periods, including immigration, breeding and emigration, to investigate the effects of migration and reproduction on POP variations in this bird species. Significant differences were found for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) concentrations in muscles between the immigration and emigration periods (p < 0.

Multivariate Optimization of Tenax TA-Thermal Extraction for Determining Gaseous Phase Organophosphate Esters in Air Samples.

Suitable conditions for thermal extraction of semi-volatile organic compounds have largely been arrived at by univariate optimization or based on the recommendations provided by the manufacturers of the extraction equipment. Herein, we demonstrated the multivariate optimization of Tenax TA-thermal extraction for determining organophosphate esters in the gas phase fraction of air samples. Screening and refining experiments were performed using the eighth fraction factorial and Box-Behnken designs, respectively, and satisfactory models were obtained.

Seasonal variation and human exposure assessment of legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in PM in different microenvironments in Beijing, China.

Indoor exposure to legacy and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) may cause potential risks to human health. Studies on seasonal variations of indoor PM-bound BFRs are scant. This study comprehensively investigated the seasonal variations of PM-bound polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and NBFRs in various indoor environments (i.

Temporal variations of PM-bound organophosphate flame retardants in different microenvironments in Beijing, China, and implications for human exposure.

In the present study, the temporal distribution of PM-bound organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) was comprehensively investigated in various indoor environments as well as outdoor air in Beijing, China over a one-year period. The mean concentrations of ΣOPFRs were 22.7 ng m and 1.

Brominated flame retardants in atmospheric fine particles in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China: Spatial and temporal distribution and human exposure assessment.

Atmospheric fine particle (PM) samples were collected over a whole year (April 2016 - March 2017) across five sampling locations in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, to investigate the occurrence of novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The concentrations of ∑NBFRs were in the range of 0.63-104 pg/m (15.

Spatial and temporal distribution of organophosphate esters in the atmosphere of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China.

High volume air samples were collected from April 2016 to March 2017 at five locations across the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, to investigate the atmospheric occurrence of organophosphate esters (OPEs). The mean atmospheric concentrations of ∑OPEs (gas and particle phases) varied from 531 ± 393 pg/m to 2180 ± 1490 pg/m with the highest level observed at the urban sampling site in Tianjin City. ∑OPEs were predominated by the chlorinated OPEs (TCEP, TCPP, and TDCIPP), which accounted for 60% ± 16% of the OPE concentrations across the BTH region.

Altitudinal dependence of PCBs and PBDEs in soil along the two sides of Mt. Sygera, southeastern Tibetan Plateau.

Surface soil samples were collected from Mt. Sygera in the southeast of Tibetan Plateau to investigate the altitudinal distribution of PCBs and PBDEs along the two sides of the mountain. The average concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs were 177 pg g dw and 15 pg g dw, respectively.

Tissue distribution and maternal transfer of persistent organic pollutants in Kentish Plovers (Charadrius alexandrines) from Cangzhou Wetland, Bohai Bay, China.

Several persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), were comprehensively investigated in the egg, muscle and liver samples of Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrines) collected from Cangzhou Wetland in western Bohai Bay, China. DDTs were the most abundant contaminants (35.4-9853ngg lipid weight, lw), followed by HCHs, PCBs, PBDEs and HCB.

Airborne persistent toxic substances (PTSs) in China: occurrence and its implication associated with air pollution.

In recent years, China suffered from extensive air pollution due to the rapidly expanding economic and industrial developments. Its severe impact on human health has raised great concern currently. Persistent toxic substances (PTSs), a large group of environmental pollutants, have also received much attention due to their adverse effects on both the ecosystem and public health.

Distribution, seasonal variation and inhalation risks of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the atmosphere of Beijing, China.

Spatial distribution, seasonal variation and potential inhalation risks of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated in the atmosphere of Beijing, using passive air samplers equipped with polyurethane foam disks. Concentrations of ΣPCDD/Fs, ΣPCBs and ΣPBDEs ranged from 8.4 to 179 fg WHO-TEQ/m, 38.