Cardiovascular risk in Cuban adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Background: Hyperandrogenism and supraphysiologic glucocorticoid replacement may lead to subclinical atherosclerosis in people with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and predispose the development of cardiovascular diseases from an early age.

Objectives: To determine if cardiometabolic risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis are more frequent in patients with CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) and if there is an association with clinical, hormonal and treatment of 21OHD.

Material And Methods: A descriptive prospective cross-sectional study exploring clinical variables, biochemical, hormonal variables, endothelial dysfunction (flow-mediated dilation < 5%) and carotid intima media thickness (≥ 95 percentile in adolescents and ≥ 75 percentile in adults) and epicardial fat.

Cardiovascular disorders in hospitalized patients with dengue infection.

Introduction: Cardiac complications in dengue patients are not uncommon and are not diagnosed, since they are usually mild and self-limiting.

Objectives: To characterize the cardiovascular manifestations in hospitalized patients with dengue infection.

Methods: We conducted an observational, analytical, longitudinal, prospective epidemiological study, which included 427 patients treated at Manuel Fajardo Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital with diagnosis of dengue infection since April 2017 to April 2018.

Association between endothelial dysfunction, epicardial fat and subclinical atherosclerosis during menopause.

Background: Menopausal transition is critical for the development of early, subclinical vascular damage. Multiple factors, such as atherosclerosis, increased epicardial fat, and endothelial dysfunction can play a role. Hence, the objective of this study was the comparison of epicardial adipose tissue and carotid intima media thickness in order to establish the best predictor of carotid stiffness in middle-aged women with endothelial dysfunction.

Changes in arterial stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness, and epicardial fat after L-thyroxine replacement therapy in hypothyroidism.

Objective: To assess the relationship between primary hypothyroidism and subclinical atherosclerosis and its potential changes with L-thyroxine replacement therapy.

Methods: A prospective cohort study including 101 patients with primary hypothyroidism and 101 euthyroid patients as controls was conducted from July 2011 to December 2013. Clinical, anthropometrical, biochemical, and ultrasonographic parameters were assessed at baseline and after one year of L-thyroxine replacement therapy.

Epicardial fat thickness correlates with carotid intima-media thickness, arterial stiffness, and cardiac geometry in children and adolescents.

To determine the association between epicardial fat thickness and carotid arterial stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness (CMIT), left atrial (LA) volume, and left-ventricular (LV) geometry parameters in obese children and adolescents compared with controls. A case-control study was performed in 96 children and adolescents (obese n = 66, controls n = 30) age 9-16 years old (38 female and 58 male, mean age 11.7 ± 2.

Echocardiographic parameters of epicardial fat deposition and its relation to coronary artery disease.

Background: Epicardial fat has been associated to the presence of significant coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the association of lipomatous infiltration of the atrial septum and fat infiltration of the right ventricle remains uncertain. None of these parameters has been thoroughly studied in Hispanic patients.

Asymptomatic fistula from a giant aneurysmatic left anterior descending artery to the right ventricular outflow tract.

Coronary artery fistulas are unusual congenital or acquired coronary artery abnormalities in which blood is shunted into a cardiac chamber, great vessel or other structure, bypassing the myocardial capillary network (Jung et al. in Cardiovasc Ultrasound 5:10, 2007). We present a young adult patient with an asymptomatic fistula from a giant aneurysmatic left anterior descending artery to the right ventricular outflow tract, first diagnosed by echocardiography examination and further confirmed by 128-slice computed tomography coronary angiography.