Oncolytic immunotherapy with nivolumab in muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a phase 1b trial.

There is a critical unmet need for safe and efficacious neoadjuvant treatment for cisplatin-ineligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Here we launched a phase 1b study using the combination of intravesical cretostimogene grenadenorepvec (oncolytic serotype 5 adenovirus encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) with systemic nivolumab in cisplatin-ineligible patients with cT2-4aN0-1M0 muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The primary objective was to measure safety, and the secondary objective was to assess the anti-tumor efficacy as measured by pathologic complete response along with 1-year recurrence-free survival.

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Prostate Cancer, Version 3.2024.

The NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer include recommendations for staging and risk assessment after a prostate cancer diagnosis and for the care of patients with localized, regional, recurrent, and metastatic disease. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel's discussions for the 2024 update to the guidelines with regard to initial risk stratification, initial management of very-low-risk disease, and the treatment of nonmetastatic recurrence.

Prostate Cancer, Version 4.2023, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

The NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer provide a framework on which to base decisions regarding the workup of patients with prostate cancer, risk stratification and management of localized disease, post-treatment monitoring, and treatment of recurrence and advanced disease. The Guidelines sections included in this article focus on the management of metastatic castration-sensitive disease, nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and metastatic CRPC (mCRPC). Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with treatment intensification is strongly recommended for patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.

Recruiting African American Prostate Cancer Survivors for a Population-based Biobank Study.

Background: Prostate cancer affects African American men disproportionately compared with men of other racial/ethnic groups. To identify biological bases for this health disparity, we sought to create a state-wide biobank of African American prostate cancer survivors in Florida.

Methods: African American men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2013 and 2017 and living in Florida at diagnosis were identified through the State of Florida's cancer registry.

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Prostate Cancer, Version 1.2023.

The NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer address staging and risk assessment after a prostate cancer diagnosis and include management options for localized, regional, recurrent, and metastatic disease. The NCCN Prostate Cancer Panel meets annually to reevaluate and update their recommendations based on new clinical data and input from within NCCN Member Institutions and from external entities. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarizes much of the panel's discussions for the 4.

Substantial Gleason reclassification in Black men with national comprehensive cancer network low-risk prostate cancer - A propensity score analysis.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that a subset of Black men with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) may harbor high volume and genomically aggressive disease. However, limited, and ambiguous research exist to evaluate the risk of extreme Gleason reclassification in Black men with low-risk PCa.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 45,674 low-risk PCa patients who underwent prostatectomy and were not on active surveillance, from National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Budget Impact of Adaptive Abiraterone Therapy for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Background: The use of a novel strategy known as adaptive abiraterone therapy based on mathematical modeling of evolutionary dynamics of tumor subpopulations was shown in a clinical trial to extend the time to disease progression in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and reduced the use of abiraterone therapy. Although the clinical impact of adaptive abiraterone treatment is clear, the economic impact of this strategy has not been investigated.

Objective: To compare the cost of care with adaptive abiraterone therapy versus standard continuous abiraterone therapy in patients with metastatic CRPC, using patient billing data.

Effectiveness and Safety of Prostatic Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms from Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Men with Concurrent Localized Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness and safety of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in the setting of localized prostate cancer (PCa).

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center, institutional review board-approved study from December 2016 to June 2020 of 21 patients (median age, 72; range, 63-83 years) with moderate LUTS and localized PCa. Clinical effectiveness was evaluated at 6 and 12 weeks using International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and quality of life (QoL) improvement.

NCCN Guidelines Insights: Prostate Cancer, Version 1.2021.

The NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer address staging and risk assessment after a prostate cancer diagnosis and include management options for localized, regional, and metastatic disease. Recommendations for disease monitoring and treatment of recurrent disease are also included. The NCCN Prostate Cancer Panel meets annually to reevaluate and update their recommendations based on new clinical data and input from within NCCN Member Institutions and from external entities.

Novel Transcriptomic Interactions Between Immune Content and Genomic Classifier Predict Lethal Outcomes in High-grade Prostate Cancer.

Grade group 4 and 5 (GG-45) prostate cancer (PCa) patients are at the highest risk of lethal outcomes, yet lack genomic risk stratification for prognosis and treatment selection. Here, we assess whether transcriptomic interactions between tumor immune content score (ICS) and the Decipher genomic classifier can identify most lethal subsets of GG-45 PCa. We utilized whole transcriptome data from 8071 tumor tissue (6071 prostatectomy and 2000 treatment-naïve biopsy samples) to derive four immunogenomic subtypes using ICS and Decipher.

TMPRSS2-ERG fusion impacts anterior tumor location in men with prostate cancer.

Background: In prostate cancer (PCa), lack of androgen receptor (AR) regulated TMPRSS2-ETS-related gene (ERG) gene fusion (ERG ) status has been associated with African American race; however, the implications of ERG status for the location of dominant tumors within the prostate remains understudied.

Methods: An African American-enriched multiinstitutional cohort of 726 PCa patients consisting of both African American men (AAM; n = 254) and European American men (EAM; n = 472) was used in the analyses. Methods of categorical analysis were used.

Topical chemotherapy for penile carcinoma in situ: Contemporary outcomes and reported toxicity.

Purpose: The toxicity of topical chemotherapeutics has been well-characterized in extra-genital squamous cell carcinoma; however, there is limited data regarding the use of topical agents for penile squamous cell carcinoma in situ (CIS). We aim to describe the clinical outcomes and toxicities associated with the use of topical fluorouracil and imiquimod for penile CIS.

Materials And Methods: We performed an observational analysis of penile CIS cases treated with topical chemotherapy from 2009 to 2019 at a tertiary cancer center.

Focal bipolar radiofrequency ablation for localized prostate cancer: Safety and feasibility.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of focal bipolar radiofrequency ablation in men with localized prostate cancer.

Methods: A review of 10 patients treated with a novel bipolar radiofrequency ablation probe integrated in a coil design (Encage; Trod Medical, Bradenton, FL, USA) between 2011 and 2017 in two prospective pilot trials. All men had clinical stage T1c prostate cancer, prostate-specific antigen <10 ng/mL and Gleason score ≤7.

Proof-of-principle Phase I results of combining nivolumab with brachytherapy and external beam radiation therapy for Grade Group 5 prostate cancer: safety, feasibility, and exploratory analysis.

Background: To determine whether combining brachytherapy with immunotherapy is safe in prostate cancer (PCa) and provides synergistic effects, we performed a Phase I/II trial on the feasibility, safety, and benefit of concurrent delivery of anti-PD-1 (nivolumab) with high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with Grade Group 5 (GG5) PCa.

Methods: Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older with diagnosis of GG5 PCa. Patients received ADT, nivolumab every two weeks for four cycles, with two cycles prior to first HDR, and two more cycles prior to second HDR, followed by external beam radiotherapy.

Radiological semantics discriminate clinically significant grade prostate cancer.

Background: Identification of imaging traits to discriminate clinically significant prostate cancer is challenging due to the multi focal nature of the disease. The difficulty in obtaining a consensus by the Prostate Imaging and Data Systems (PI-RADS) scores coupled with disagreements in interpreting multi-parametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mpMRI) has resulted in increased variability in reporting findings and evaluating the utility of this imaging modality in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer. This study assess the ability of radiological traits (semantics) observed on multi-parametric Magnetic Resonance images (mpMRI) to discriminate clinically significant prostate cancer.

Prostate Cancer, Version 2.2019, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

The NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer include recommendations regarding diagnosis, risk stratification and workup, treatment options for localized disease, and management of recurrent and advanced disease for clinicians who treat patients with prostate cancer. The portions of the guidelines included herein focus on the roles of germline and somatic genetic testing, risk stratification with nomograms and tumor multigene molecular testing, androgen deprivation therapy, secondary hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy in patients with prostate cancer.

Erratum: Predicting clinically significant prostate cancer using DCE-MRI habitat descriptors.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26437.

Predicting clinically significant prostate cancer using DCE-MRI habitat descriptors.

Prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment continues to be a major public health challenge. The heterogeneity of the disease is one of the major factors leading to imprecise diagnosis and suboptimal disease management. The improved resolution of functional multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has shown promise to improve detection and characterization of the disease.

Optimizing Time to Treatment to Achieve Durable Biochemical Disease Control after Surgery in Prostate Cancer: A Multi-Institutional Cohort Study.

Background: The impact of treatment delays on prostate cancer-specific outcomes remains ill-defined. This study investigates the effect of time to treatment on biochemical disease control after prostatectomy.

Methods: This retrospective study includes 1,807 patients who received a prostatectomy as a primary treatment at two large tertiary referral centers from 1987 to 2015.

Epidural anesthesia and cancer outcomes in bladder cancer patients: is it the technique or the medication? A matched-cohort analysis from a tertiary referral center.

Background: The perioperative period can be a critical period with long-term implications on cancer-related outcomes. In this study, we evaluate the influence of regional anesthesia on cancer-specific outcomes in a radical cystectomy (RC) cohort of patients.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with clinically-nonmetastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder who underwent RC at our institution from 2008 to 2012.

Expansion of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from bladder cancer.

Advanced bladder cancer patients have limited therapeutic options resulting in a median overall survival (OS) between 12 and 15 months. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been used successfully in treating patients with metastatic melanoma, resulting in a median OS of 52 months. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of expanding TIL from the tumors of bladder cancer patients.

Downstaging and Survival Outcomes Associated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens Among Patients Treated With Cystectomy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Importance: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy improves survival compared with cystectomy alone for patients with bladder cancer. Although gemcitabine with cisplatin has become a standard NAC regimen, a dose-dense combination of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (ddMVAC) is being adopted at some institutions.

Objective: To assess the association of neoadjuvant ddMVAC vs standard regimens with downstaging and overall survival among patients treated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection.

Background: Further biomarkers are warranted to improve prognostic stratification of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) patients undergoing inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND).

Objective: To assess the prognostic value of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in PSCC patients undergoing ILND and to investigate its role in predicting pathologic node-positive (pN+) disease.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In total, 84 consecutive patients undergoing ILND for PSCC at our institution between 1994 and 2014 were identified.