Specific characteristics of urethral strictures in a developing country (Brazil).

Purpose: Evaluate the main etiologies and clinical characteristics of male urethral stricture disease (USD) in Brazil.

Methods: This multicentric study was performed using retrospective data collected from six Brazilian referral centers of urethral reconstruction. The database comprised data from 899 patients with USD who had undergone surgical treatment from 2008 to 2018.

Tubular Overexpression of Angiopoietin-1 Attenuates Renal Fibrosis.

Emerging evidence has highlighted the pivotal role of microvasculature injury in the development and progression of renal fibrosis. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is a secreted vascular growth factor that binds to the endothelial-specific Tie2 receptor. Ang-1/Tie2 signaling is critical for regulating blood vessel development and modulating vascular response after injury, but is dispensable in mature, quiescent vessels.

Testicular Leydig Cell Tumor with Metachronous Lesions: Outcomes after Metastasis Resection and Cryoablation.

Leydig cell tumors represent 3% of testicular masses and usually occur in prepubertal boys and men between 30 and 60 years of age. Leydig cell tumors are benign in children but can be malignant in 10% of adults. This case report describes a 41-year-old patient who was diagnosed with a Leydig cell tumor that originated in his right testicle that subsequently metastasized to his liver, lungs, and retroperitoneum.

Gracilis muscle interposition flap repair of urinary fistulae: pelvic radiation is associated with persistent urinary incontinence and decreased quality of life.

Purpose: The primary goal of urinary fistulae repair is to improve continence and quality of life. Irradiated patients are predisposed to development of bladder outlet dysfunction (BOD), defined as bladder neck contracture or stress urinary incontinence. Here, we review our experience with gracilis flap repairs for rectourinary fistulae (RUF) and urinary cutaneous fistulae (UCF) in patients who underwent pelvic radiation.