Time-dependent personalized PageRank for temporal networks: Discrete and continuous scales.

In this paper, we explore the PageRank of temporal networks (networks that evolve with time) with time-dependent personalization vectors. We consider both continuous and discrete time intervals and show that the PageRank of a continuous-temporal network can be nicely estimated by the PageRanks of the discrete-temporal networks arising after sampling. Additionally, precise boundaries are given for the estimated influence of the personalization vector on the ranking of a particular node.

Tet2 regulates Sin3a recruitment at active enhancers in embryonic stem cells.

Tet2 is a member of the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet1/2/3) family of enzymes and is expressed in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). It demethylates DNA (catalytic functions) and partners with chromatin modifiers (noncatalytic functions) to regulate genes. However, the significance of these functions in ESCs is less defined.

Tet1 Suppresses p21 to Ensure Proper Cell Cycle Progression in Embryonic Stem Cells.

Ten eleven translocation 1 (Tet1) is a DNA dioxygenase that promotes DNA demethylation by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine. It can also partner with chromatin-activating and repressive complexes to regulate gene expressions independent of its enzymatic activity. Tet1 is highly expressed in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and regulates pluripotency and differentiation.

Idax and Rinf facilitate expression of Tet enzymes to promote neural and suppress trophectodermal programs during differentiation of embryonic stem cells.

The Inhibitor of disheveled and axin (Idax) and its ortholog the Retinoid inducible nuclear factor (Rinf) are DNA binding proteins with nuclear and cytoplasmic functions. Rinf is expressed in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) where it regulates transcription of the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) enzymes, promoting neural and suppressing mesendoderm/trophectoderm differentiation. Here, we find that Idax, which is not expressed in ESCs, is induced upon differentiation.

Definitive hematopoietic stem cells minimally contribute to embryonic hematopoiesis.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are rare cells that arise in the embryo and sustain adult hematopoiesis. Although the functional potential of nascent HSCs is detectable by transplantation, their native contribution during development is unknown, in part due to the overlapping genesis and marker gene expression with other embryonic blood progenitors. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we define gene signatures that distinguish nascent HSCs from embryonic blood progenitors.

Lipoarabinomannan as a Point-of-Care Assay for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis: How Far Are We to Use It?

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a severe public health problem; the current diagnostic tests have limitations that delay treatment onset. Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a glycolipid that is a component of the cell wall of the bacillus , the etiologic agent of TB. This glycolipid is excreted as a soluble form in urine.

Suboptimal choice by pigeons is eliminated when key-pecking behavior is replaced by treadle-pressing.

In the study of suboptimal choice, a reliable result is that pigeons strongly prefer an alternative that signals whether a reinforcer will be delivered or not over another alternative without that information even if the first provides a lower probability of reinforcement. In the aforementioned research, key pecking has been the operant response and illuminated keys the discriminative stimuli. In the present study we modified both of these aspects of the procedure in order to analyze the generality of suboptimal preferences of pigeons and to investigate the effect of changes in the incentive salience of the discriminative stimuli.

Parametric controllability of the personalized PageRank: Classic model vs biplex approach.

Measures of centrality in networks defined by means of matrix algebra, like PageRank-type centralities, have been used for over 70 years. Recently, new extensions of PageRank have been formulated and may include a personalization (or teleportation) vector. It is accepted that one of the key issues for any centrality measure formulation is to what extent someone can control its variability.

Neuroanatomical features and its usefulness in classification of patients with PANDAS.

Objective: An obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) subtype has been associated with streptococcal infections and is called pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococci (PANDAS). The neuroanatomical characterization of subjects with this disorder is crucial for the better understanding of its pathophysiology; also, evaluation of these features as classifiers between patients and controls is relevant to determine potential biomarkers and useful in clinical diagnosis. This was the first multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) study on an early-onset OCD subtype.

Cytomegalovirus infection after kidney transplantation and long-term graft loss.

Background: Despite the use of prevention strategies, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common viral complication after renal transplant and its impact on long-term outcomes is still open to debate.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of CMV infection and disease during the use of prevention strategies in our centre and to analyse the association between CMV infection and long-term patient and graft survival and other potentially clinical events related with CMV.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 377 recipients of kidney transplants performed between January 1998 and December 2008.

Rapamycin reversal of VEGF-C-driven lymphatic anomalies in the respiratory tract.

Lymphatic malformations are serious but poorly understood conditions that present therapeutic challenges. The goal of this study was to compare strategies for inducing regression of abnormal lymphatics and explore underlying mechanisms. CCSP-rtTA/tetO-VEGF-C mice, in which doxycycline regulates VEGF-C expression in the airway epithelium, were used as a model of pulmonary lymphangiectasia.

Line graphs for a multiplex network.

It is well known that line graphs offer a good summary of the graphs properties, which make them easier to analyze and highlight the desired properties. We extend the concept of line graph to multiplex networks in order to analyze multi-plexed and multi-layered networked systems. As these structures are very rich, different approaches to this notion are required to capture a variety of situations.

The Myoblast C2C12 Transfected with Mutant Valosin-Containing Protein Exhibits Delayed Stress Granule Resolution on Oxidative Stress.

Valosin-containing protein (VCP) mutations cause inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease and frontotemporal dementia. However, the mechanisms by which mutant VCP triggers degeneration remain unknown. Here, we investigated the role of VCP in cellular stress and found that the oxidative stressor arsenite and heat shock-activated stress responses evident by T-intracellular antigen-1-positive granules in C2C12 myoblasts.

Correction: A Multi-Methodological MR Resting State Network Analysis to Assess the Changes in Brain Physiology of Children with ADHD.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Clinical usefulness and safety of an age-adjusted D-dimer cutoff levels to exclude pulmonary embolism: a retrospective analysis.

Age-adjusted D-dimer (AADD) appears to increase the proportion of patients in whom pulmonary embolism (PE) can safely be excluded compared with conventional D-dimer (CDD), according to a limited number of studies. The aim if this study was to assess whether the use of an AADD might safely increase the clinical usefulness of CDD for the diagnosis of PE in our setting. Three hundred and sixty two consecutive outpatients with clinically suspected PE in whom plasma samples were obtained to measure D-dimer were included in this post hoc analysis of a previous study.

Reevaluation of a Suspected Cronobacter sakazakii Outbreak in Mexico.

In 2010, two infants became ill at a hospital in Mexico. Subsequently, a range of clinical, environmental, and powdered and rehydrated infant formula isolates were identified by using a combination of phenotyping and PCR probes. The strains were clustered according to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

Detection of anti-streptococcal, antienolase, and anti-neural antibodies in subjects with early-onset psychiatric disorders.

Introduction: Infection with group A Streptococcus (StrepA) can cause post-infectious sequelae, including a spectrum of childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive (OCD) and tic disorders with autoimmune origin (PANDAS, Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections). Until now, no single immunological test has been designed that unequivocally diagnoses these disorders. In this study, we assessed the detection of serum antibodies against human brain enolase (AE), neural tissue (AN) and Streptococcus (AS) as a laboratory tool for the diagnosis of early-onset psychiatric disorders.

Disinfection of an advanced primary effluent using peracetic acid or ultraviolet radiation for its reuse in public services.

The disinfection of a continuous flow of an effluent from an advanced primary treatment (coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation) with or without posterior filtration, using either peracetic acid (PAA) or ultraviolet (UV) radiation was studied. We aimed to obtain bacteriological quality to comply with the microbiological standard established in the Mexican regulations for treated wastewater reuse (NOM-003-SEMARNAT-1997), i.e.

Can the tandem measurement of age adjusted D-dimer and tissue plasminagen activator improve the clinical utility of a conventional D-dimer in the pulmonary embolism diagnosis?

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate if a sequential measurement of age adjust D-dimer (ADD) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) could increase the clinical utility in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) compared to a conventional D-dimer.

Methods: We measured a conventional D-dimer (CDD), an ADD alone and a sequential combination ADD and tPA (ADD/tPA combination) in a prospective sample of 127 outpatients with PE suspected. Diagnosis of PE was based on a strict protocol.

Tissue plasminogen activator as a novel diagnostic aid in acute pulmonary embolism.

Background: We evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared it with an ELISA D-dimer (VIDAS D-dimer) in acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Patients And Methods: We studied 127 consecutive outpatients with clinically suspected PE. The diagnosis of PE was based on a clinical probability pretest for PE and a strict protocol of imaging studies.

Eigenvector centrality of nodes in multiplex networks.

We extend the concept of eigenvector centrality to multiplex networks, and introduce several alternative parameters that quantify the importance of nodes in a multi-layered networked system, including the definition of vectorial-type centralities. In addition, we rigorously show that, under reasonable conditions, such centrality measures exist and are unique. Computer experiments and simulations demonstrate that the proposed measures provide substantially different results when applied to the same multiplex structure, and highlight the non-trivial relationships between the different measures of centrality introduced.

Safety of withholding anticoagulant therapy in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism with a negative multislice computed tomography pulmonary angiography.

Background: To assess the safety of withholding anticoagulant therapy in patients with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism with a negative multislice computed tomography pulmonary angiography (MCTPA).

Methods: Three hundred and eighty six patients who were consecutively assessed in the emergency room of our institution for suspected pulmonary embolism were eligible for our study. Patients with either a low or an intermediate clinical probability of pulmonary embolism according to the Wells score and a negative MCTPA for pulmonary embolism were enrolled.