Effectiveness, safety, and cost of combination advanced therapies in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: A significant proportion of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients fail to respond to advanced therapies. Combining advanced therapies may improve treatment outcome. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness, adverse events, and costs associated with combining advanced therapies in IBD patients.

HLA-DQA1*05 Allele Carriage and Anti-TNF Therapy Persistence in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Introduction: Carriage of the HLA-DQA1*05 allele is associated with development of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) to antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy in patients with Crohn's disease. However, ADA is not uniformly associated with treatment failure. We aimed to determine the impact of carriage of HLA-DQA1*05 allele on outcome of biologic therapy evaluated by drug persistence.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Disability Index is a valid and reliable measure of disability in an English-speaking hospital practice and predicts long-term requirement for treatment escalation.

Objective: The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Disability Index (IBD-DI) was developed according to WHO standards and has been validated in population-based cohorts. However, there are limited data on its relationship to various psychosocial and economic variables or its relevance to hospital clinical practice. The study aims were to determine the validity and reliability of the IBD-DI in an English-speaking hospital out-patient population and to evaluate its association with short and long-term disease activity.

Implementation of BSG/ACPGBI/PHE polypectomy surveillance guidelines safely reduces the burden of surveillance in a screening cohort: a virtual model study.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of British Society of Gastroenterology/Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland/Public Health England (BSG/ACPGBI/PHE) 2019 polypectomy surveillance guidelines within a national faecal immunochemical test-based bowel cancer screening (BS) cohort on surveillance activity and detection of pathology by retrospective virtual application.

Design: A retrospective review of BS colonoscopies performed in 2015-2016 with 5 years prospective follow-up in single institution. Index colonoscopies were selected.

Reduced Serological Response to COVID-19 Booster Vaccine is Associated with Reduced B Cell Memory in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease; VARIATION [VAriability in Response in IBD AgainsT SARS-COV-2 ImmunisatiON].

Background And Aims: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] have an attenuated response to initial COVID-19 vaccination. We sought to characterize the impact of IBD and its treatment on responses after the third vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: This was a prospective multicentre observational study of patients with IBD [n = 202] and healthy controls [HC, n = 92].

Reduced Serological Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients with IBD is Further Diminished by TNF Inhibitor Therapy; Early Results of the VARIATION study [VAriability in Response in IBD Against SARS-COV-2 ImmunisatiON].

Background And Aims: Evidence suggests patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] receiving TNF antagonists have attenuated response to vaccination against COVID-19. We sought to determine the impact of IBD and of various medications for treatment of IBD on antibody responses to vaccination against COVID-19.

Methods: Patients with IBD [n = 270] and healthy controls [HC, n = 116] were recruited prospectively, and quantitative antibody responses were assessed following COVID-19 vaccination.

Comparison of medium to long-term outcomes of acute severe ulcerative colitis patients receiving accelerated and standard infliximab induction.

Introduction: Accelerated dose infliximab (IFX) induction is associated with reduced short-term colectomy rate in acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). Data on medium/long-term outcomes of this strategy are limited.

Aims: Evaluate medium/long-term outcomes in patients receiving IFX induction for ASUC, comparing accelerated dose (AD) and standard dose (SD) induction.

Irish data on the safety and efficacy of vedolizumab in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

This study reviews the safety and efficacy of treatment with vedolizumab for patients with inflammatory bowel disease across 9 Irish hospitals. It generates valuable and timely real-world data on treatment outcomes to add to the existing evidence base. Our population represents a refractory cohort with most patients previously exposed to at least one anti-TNFa agent and expressing an inflammatory phenotype.

Pregnancy outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with vedolizumab, anti-TNF or conventional therapy: results of the European CONCEIVE study.

Background: Women with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) often receive biologicals during pregnancy to maintain disease remission. Data on outcome of vedolizumab-exposed pregnancies (VDZE) are sparse.

Aims: To assess pregnancy and child outcomes of VDZE pregnancies and to compare these results to anti-TNF exposed (TNFE) or both immunomodulatory and biologic unexposed (CON IBD) pregnancies.

DUBLIN [Degree of Ulcerative colitis Burden of Luminal Inflammation] Score, a Simple Method to Quantify Inflammatory Burden in Ulcerative Colitis.

Background And Aims: Endoscopic scores of local severity do not reflect disease extent, or disease burden. The DUBLIN score is a simple bedside clinical score that estimates inflammatory burden using both disease severity and extent. As the need to personalize therapy for ulcerative colitis [UC] patients increases, a score accurately assessing disease burden will be of great relevance.

Golimumab effectiveness and safety in clinical practice for moderately active ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aims: Golimumab (GLB) is an antitumour necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF) therapy that has shown efficacy as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to describe the outcome of GLB therapy for UC in a real-world clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: Consecutive patients receiving GLB for UC in six Irish Academic Medical Centres were identified.

Protocol for a multicentred randomised controlled trial investigating the use of personalised golimumab dosing tailored to inflammatory load in ulcerative colitis: the GOAL-ARC study (GLM dose Optimisation to Adequate Levels to Achieve Response in Colitis) led by the INITIAtive group (NCT 0268772).

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), often leading to an impaired quality of life in affected patients. Current treatment modalities include antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) monoclonal antibodies (mABs) including infliximab, adalimumab and golimumab (GLM). Several recent retrospective and prospective studies have demonstrated that fixed dosing schedules of anti-TNF agents often fails to consistently achieve adequate circulating therapeutic drug levels (DL) with consequent risk of immunogenicity treatment failure and potential risk of hospitalisation and colectomy in patients with UC.

Ustekinumab Drug Levels in Maternal and Cord Blood in a Woman With Crohn's Disease Treated Until 33 Weeks of Gestation.

A 35-year old woman with ileocolonic, perianal, and vulval Crohn's disease was treated with subcutaneous ustekinuamb [USK] throughout pregnancy. Dose intervals were shortened from 6-weekly to 4-weekly to maintain clinical remission. The last dose of USK was administered at 33 weeks of gestation, and a healthy baby boy was delivered by caesarean section at 37 weeks.

CRP/Albumin Ratio: An Early Predictor of Steroid Responsiveness in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis.

Introduction: Identifying hospitalized patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) who will be refractory to corticosteroid therapy and require rescue therapy remains difficult. Hypoalbuminemia worsens with time during hospitalization and is associated with rapid clearance of and reduced response to infliximab (IFX) rescue. Early use of rescue therapy may therefore be more effective.

Determinants of short- and long-term survival from colorectal cancer in very elderly patients.

Purpose: Over 5100 colorectal cancers (CRCs) are diagnosed in the United Kingdom in 85 years and older age group per year but little is known of cancer progression in this group. We assessed clinical, pathological and molecular features of CRC with early and late mortality in such patients.

Methods: Data were analysed in relation to early mortality and long-term survival in 90 consecutive patients with CRC aged 85 years or older in a single hospital.

Effects of radiation on levels of DNA damage in normal non-adjacent mucosa from colorectal cancer cases.

Purpose: Defects in DNA repair pathways have been linked with colorectal cancer (CRC). Adjuvant radiotherapy has become commonplace in the treatment of rectal cancer however it is associated with a higher rate of second cancer formation. It is known that radiation results in DNA damage directly or indirectly by radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) by causing double-strand breaks (DSBs).

The effect of green tea on oxidative damage and tumour formation in Lobund-Wistar rats.

A number of epidemiological studies suggest that the consumption of green tea reduces the incidence of prostate cancer. As the major catechins present in green tea are potent antioxidants, we hypothesized that genetic and cellular damage induced by oxygen free radicals could be significantly reduced by potent antioxidants in green tea, thus reducing the cumulative genetic and cellular damage with age, and slowing or preventing tumour formation. Long-term administration of a decaffeinated green tea extract to Lobund-Wistar rats for periods up to 26 months almost halved the incidence of primary tumours in the genitourinary tract when compared with an age-matched cohort receiving just water.