Sleep Disturbances and Mental Well-Being of Preschool Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico.

COVID-19 pandemic confinement caused changes in families and children's routines worldwide. Studies conducted at the beginning of the pandemic have examined the harmful effects of these changes on mental health, including sleep disturbances. As sleep is essential for optimal childhood development, this study was designed to determine preschool-aged (3-6 years old) children's sleep parameters and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico.

Exploring knowledge of parents and caregivers on cancer symptoms in children: an observational study regarding the need for educational tools and health promotion in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Although most cases of childhood cancer are unlikely to be prevented, by today's standards, most children with cancer can now be cured. However, disparities about survival exist among countries; in Mexico, the overall survival is 49.6%, with 70% of childhood cancers diagnosed at advanced stages.

Effect of Ethanol Consumption on the Placenta and Liver of Partially IGF-1-Deficient Mice: The Role of Metabolism via CYP2E1 and the Antioxidant Enzyme System.

Ethanol use during pregnancy is a risk factor for developing adverse outcomes. Its metabolism by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) produces radical oxygen species (ROS), promoting cellular injury and apoptosis. To date, no studies have been conducted to elucidate the teratogenic effects due to both IGF-1 deficiency and ethanol consumption in mice placentas.

Parents and school-aged children's mental well-being after prolonged school closures and confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico: a cross-sectional online survey study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine parents' and school-aged children's mental well-being after experiencing confinement and prolonged school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: Using a cross-sectional design, an online survey was applied to parents of school-aged children inquiring about their mental well-being and COVID-19 pandemic changes in their home and working lives. To assess the presence of depression, anxiety and stress in parents, the participants responded to the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 scale.

Mental health outcomes and risk factors among female physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The fast spread of the COVID-19 pandemic brought a huge workload burden. Health care workers have become a particular risk group for developing mental health symptoms, with women being the most affected group according to preliminary data. The aim of this study was to provide information about the prevalence of depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in female physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic and describe risk factors associated with them.

Description of the 'pronation manoeuvre' for the diagnosis of developmental hip dysplasia.

Introduction: Without a prompt diagnosis, developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants can lead to severe sequelae. Current screening strategies emphasize the use of Ortolani and Barlow physical examination manoeuvres, yet they exhibit low sensitivity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of a new physical examination tool (the pronation manoeuvre) as a screening tool for DDH.

[Experience with OK-432 in lymphatic vascular malformations in a hospital from northern Mexico].

Background: Lymphatic vascular malformations (LVM) or formerly called lymphangiomas are congenital malformations present in about 1 out of 6000 to -16000 births. The most relevant classification system for lymphangioma management is based on the size of the cysts. Spontaneous resolution is uncommon; thus, expectant management is not recommended.

Primary growth hormone insensitivity and psychomotor delay.

We report a case of short stature irresponsive to growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy. Low GH response to provocative tests and undetectable IGF-1 levels had suggested GH deficiency, while response to therapy indicated GH insensitivity. Molecular evaluation of the GH/IGF-1 axis should be performed in these cases to improve diagnosis and therapy.

Fanconi Anemia and Laron Syndrome.

Background: Fanconi anemia (FA) is a condition characterized by genetic instability and short stature, which is due to growth hormone (GH) deficiency in most cases. However, no apparent relationships have been identified between FA complementation group genes and GH. In this study, we thereby considered an association between FA and Laron syndrome (LS) (insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1] deficiency).

Clinical and molecular diagnosis of a cartilage-hair hypoplasia with IGF-1 deficiency.

Cartilage-hair hypoplasia syndrome (CHH) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by metaphyseal chondrodysplasia and characteristic hair, together with a myriad of other symptoms, being most common immunodeficiency and gastrointestinal complications. A 15-year-old Mexican male initially diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease and posterior immunodeficiency, presents to our department for genetic and complementary evaluation for suspected CHH. Physical, biochemical, and genetic studies confirmed CHH together with IGF-1 deficiency.

Altered perception of the nutritional status of preschoolers by their parents: A risk factor for overweight and obesity.

Introduction: Many parents have a misperception of their children's body size; in general, they underestimate overweight and obesity.

Objective: To identify the difference between parents' perception of their children's nutritional status and measured body mass index.

Population And Methods: To identify the difference between parents' perception of their children's nutritional status and measured body mass index.

[Adiponectin levels in breast milk of overweight/obese and normal weight mothers in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, México].

Background: Given the current epidemic of childhood obesity, it has become increasingly important to understand the risks and protective factors associated with this disease. Breastfeeding has been identified as a protective factor; however, the mechanism responsible has not been elucidated. One of the current theories analyzes the role of hormones in breast milk, with special emphasis on adiponectin.

Expression of CD64, CD206, and RAGE in adherent cells of diabetic patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background: CD64 and CD206 receptors play an important role in the internalization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis into macrophages. RAGE, described in diabetes (a predisposing factor for tuberculosis), captures glycosylated proteins.

Methods: Four groups of 15 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), type 2 diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis (DM2-PTB), and controls (CG) were studied.