Morphological and histological features of thicker cartilage at the posterior medial femoral condyle in advanced knee osteoarthritis.

Objective: To assess morphological and histological features of cartilage at the posterior medial condyle in advanced pre-prosthetic osteoarthritis (OA), which is notably thicker compared to non-OA knees.

Design: Cartilage thickness was measured pre-operatively using MRI in 10 subjects with medial femorotibial OA (mean age: 70.2 years).

Intra- and inter-operator reliability of three-dimensional preoperative planning in total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: To characterize the intra- and inter-operator reliability of a CT-based 3D preoperative planning software.

Materials And Methods: This study analyzed 30 CT scans of de-identified knees with osteoarthritis. For each scan, a case planner segmented the bones and pre-planned the TKA.

Simultaneous Evaluation of Bone Cut and Implant Placement Accuracy in Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty.

This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of bone cuts and implant placements, simultaneously, for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed using a system with an active robotic arm. Two experienced orthopaedic surgeons performed TKA on ten cadaveric legs. Computed tomography scans were performed to compare the bone cuts and implant placements with the preoperative planning.

Slowing gait during turning: how volition of modifying walking speed affects the gait pattern in healthy adults.

Background: Turning during walking and volitionally modulating walking speed introduces complexity to gait and has been minimally explored.

Research Question: How do the spatiotemporal parameters vary between young adults walking at a normal speed and a slower speed while making 90°, 180°, and 360° turns?

Methods: In a laboratory setting, the spatiotemporal parameters of 10 young adults were documented as they made turns at 90°, 180°, and 360°. A generalized linear model was utilized to determine the effect of both walking speed and turning amplitude.

Accuracy and Reliability of Pelvimetry Measures Obtained by Manual or Automatic Labeling of Three-Dimensional Pelvic Models.

(1) : The morphology of the pelvic cavity is important for decision-making in obstetrics. This study aimed to estimate the accuracy and reliability of pelvimetry measures obtained when radiologists manually label anatomical landmarks on three-dimensional (3D) pelvic models. A second objective was to design an automatic labeling method.

Changes in spinal motor behaviour are associated with reduction in disability in chronic low back pain: A longitudinal cohort study with 1-year follow-up.

Background: The need to improve spinal motor behaviour in chronic low back pain (CLBP) rehabilitation remains unclear. The objective of this study was to test if changes in spinal motor behaviour were associated with changes in disability after an interdisciplinary rehabilitation program (IRP) in patients with CLBP.

Methods: Seventy-one patients with CLBP participating in an IRP were included.

Rehabilitation for Musculoskeletal Disorders: The Emergence of Serious Games and the Promise of Personalized Versions Using Artificial Intelligence.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), musculoskeletal conditions are among the most common health problems, affecting approximately 1 [...

Diverse parameters of ambulatory knee moments differ with medial knee osteoarthritis severity and are combinable into a severity index.

To characterize ambulatory knee moments with respect to medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) severity comprehensively and to assess the possibility of developing a severity index combining knee moment parameters. Nine parameters (peak amplitudes) commonly used to quantify three-dimensional knee moments during walking were analyzed for 98 individuals (58.7 ± 9.

Improved accuracy and precision of fat-suppressed isotropic 3D T2 mapping MRI of the knee with dictionary fitting and patch-based denoising.

Purpose: To develop an isotropic three-dimensional (3D) T2 mapping technique for the quantitative assessment of the composition of knee cartilage with high accuracy and precision.

Methods: A T2-prepared water-selective isotropic 3D gradient-echo pulse sequence was used to generate four images at 3 T. These were used for three T2 map reconstructions: standard images with an analytical T2 fit (AnT2Fit); standard images with a dictionary-based T2 fit (DictT2Fit); and patch-based-denoised images with a dictionary-based T2 fit (DenDictT2Fit).

Walking with Different Insoles Changes Lower-Limb Biomechanics Globally in Patients with Medial Knee Osteoarthritis.

Using insoles to modify walking biomechanics is of keen interest for the treatment of medial-compartment knee osteoarthritis. So far, insole interventions have focused on reducing the peak of the knee adduction moment (pKAM) and have led to inconsistent clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in other gait variables related to knee osteoarthritis when patients walk with different insoles to provide insights into the necessity to enlarge the biomechanical analyses to other variables.

Walking with shorter stride length could improve knee kinetics of patients with medial knee osteoarthritis.

Walking with a shorter stride length (SL) was recently proposed for gait retraining in medial knee osteoarthritis; however it was never assessed in this patient population. This study tested the hypothesis that shortening SL while maintaining walking speed reduces knee adduction (KAM) and flexion (KFM) moments in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis. Walking trials with normal SL and SL reduced by 0.

Reduction in pain-related fear is not associated with improvement in spinal biomechanics but with decrease in movement-evoked pain in patients with chronic low back pain.

Background And Aims: While a causal relationship between pain-related fear and spinal movement avoidance in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) has frequently been postulated, evidence supporting this relationship is limited. This study aimed to test if decreases in pain-related fear or catastrophizing were associated with improvements in spinal biomechanics, accounting for possible changes in movement-evoked pain.

Methods: Sixty-two patients with CLBP were assessed before and after an interdisciplinary rehabilitation program (IRP).

Spatiotemporal parameters during turning gait maneuvers of different amplitudes in young and elderly healthy adults: A descriptive and comparative study.

Background: Turning during walking adds complexity to gait and has been little investigated until now. Research question What are the differences in spatiotemporal parameters between young and elderly healthy adults performing quarter-turns (90°), half-turns (180°) and full-turns (360°)?

Methods: The spatiotemporal parameters of 10 young and 10 elderly adults were recorded in a laboratory while turning at 90°, 180° and 360°. Two-way mixed ANOVA were performed to determine the effect of age and turning amplitude.

Ten-year follow-up of a total knee prosthesis combining multi-radius, ultra-congruency, posterior-stabilization and mobile-bearing insert shows long-lasting clinically relevant improvements in pain, stiffness, function and stability.

Purpose: There is a paucity of data available on total knee prostheses combining dual-radius, ultra-congruency, posterior-stabilization and mobile-bearing insert. This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the clinical evolution of the FIRST prosthesis (Symbios Orthopédie, Yverdon, CH), the earliest prosthesis with this particular design. It was hypothesized that the primary outcomes, evaluating pain, stiffness, function and stability, would improve following arthroplasty and remain improved during the follow-up period of 10 years.

3-D Freehand Ultrasound Calibration Using a Tissue-Mimicking Phantom With Parallel Wires.

This article describes a method used to calibrate 3-D freehand ultrasound systems based on phantoms with parallel wires forming two perpendicular planes, such as the usual general-purpose commercial phantoms. In our algorithm, the phantom pose is co-optimized with the calibration to avoid the need to precisely track the phantom. We provide a geometrical analysis to explain the proposed acquisition protocol.

Between/within-session reliability of spinal kinematic and lumbar muscle activity measures in patients with chronic low back pain and asymptomatic individuals.

Background: Longitudinal research is required to better understand the role of spinal movement alterations in chronic low back pain (CLBP). To this end, it is critical to assess the between-session reliability of spinal movement measures.

Research Question: What is the within/between-session reliability of spinal movement measures in patients with CLBP and asymptomatic controls?

Methods: Spinal movement was recorded prospectively during two sessions, a week apart, for 20 patients with CLBP (60% male; 40.

MRI signal and morphological alterations of the suprapatellar fat pad in asymptomatic subjects: are these normal variants?

Objective: To study the prevalence of suprapatellar fat pad (SPFP) MR alterations in asymptomatic subjects, in relation to a wide range of clinical/imaging parameters, including muscle performance tests and physical activity data.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively included 110 asymptomatic subjects as part of a cohort study. Inclusion criteria were no knee pain in the last year.

An Expert-Supervised Registration Method for Multiparameter Description of the Knee Joint Using Serial Imaging.

As knee osteoarthritis is a disease of the entire joint, our pathophysiological understanding could be improved by the characterization of the relationships among the knee components. Diverse quantitative parameters can be characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). However, a lack of methods for the coordinated measurement of multiple parameters hinders global analyses.

Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain Have an Individual Movement Signature: A Comparison of Angular Amplitude, Angular Velocity and Muscle Activity Across Multiple Functional Tasks.

Despite a large body of evidence demonstrating spinal movement alterations in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP), there is still a lack of understanding of the role of spinal movement behavior on LBP symptoms development or recovery. One reason for this may be that spinal movement has been studied during various functional tasks without knowing if the tasks are interchangeable, limiting data consolidation steps. The first objective of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the influence of the functional tasks on the information carried by spinal movement measures.

Assessing feasibility and maternal acceptability of a biomechanically-optimized supine birth position: A pilot study.

Background: In order to manage a protracted second stage of labor, "eminence-based" birth positions have been suggested by some healthcare professionals. Recent biomechanical studies have promoted the use of an optimized supine birthing position in this setting. However, uncertainty exists regarding the feasibility of this posture, and its acceptability by women.

Effect of very large body mass loss on energetics, mechanics and efficiency of walking in adults with obesity: mass-driven versus behavioural adaptations.

Understanding the mechanisms involved in the higher energy cost of walking (NC : the energy expenditure above resting per unit distance) in adults with obesity is pivotal to optimizing the use of walking in weight management programmes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mechanics, energetics and mechanical efficiency of walking after a large body mass loss induced by bariatric surgery in individuals with obesity. Nine adults (39.

Association between changes in the knee adduction moment and changes in knee pain and function in response to non-surgical biomechanical interventions for medial knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review.

Introduction: There is lack of understanding of the relationship between knee adduction moment (KAM) reductions and improvements in pain or function in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Moreover, there is no systematic review describing the longitudinal relationship between KAM changes and subsequent changes in pain and/or physical function.

We Aimed To: 1) investigate the relationship between changes in KAM induced by non-surgical biomechanical interventions and consecutive changes in pain and/or physical function in patients with medial KOA and; 2) compare this relationship for different interventions.

Bone Cuts Accuracy of a System for Total Knee Arthroplasty including an Active Robotic Arm.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the bone cuts accuracy of a system for total knee arthroplasty including an active robotic arm. A second objective was to compare the accuracy among orthopaedic surgeons of different levels of experience.

Methods: Three orthopaedic surgeons cut 10 sawbone knees each.

Longitudinal Femoral Cartilage T2 Relaxation Time and Thickness Changes with Fast Sequential Radiographic Progression of Medial Knee Osteoarthritis-Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI).

This study tested for longitudinal changes in femoral cartilage T2 relaxation time and thickness in fast-progressing medial femorotibial osteoarthritis (OA). From the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) database, nineteen knees fulfilled the inclusion criteria, which included medial femorotibial OA and sequential progression from Kellgren-Lawrence grade (KL) 1 to KL2 to KL3 within five years. Median T2 value and mean thickness were calculated for six condylar volumes of interest (VOIs; medial/lateral anterior, central, posterior) and six sub-VOIs (medial/lateral anterior external, central, internal).

Could Gait Biomechanics Become a Marker of Atypical Neuronal Circuitry in Human Development?-The Example of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

This perspective paper presents converging recent knowledge in neurosciences (motor neurophysiology, neuroimaging and neuro cognition) and biomechanics to outline the relationships between maturing neuronal network, behavior, and gait in human development. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) represents a particularly relevant neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) to study these convergences, as an early life condition presenting with sensorimotor and social behavioral alterations. ASD diagnosis relies solely on behavioral criteria.