A sphingosine-1 phosphate agonist (FTY720) limits trauma/hemorrhagic shock-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Background: Trauma/hemorrhagic shock (T/HS) is one of the major consequences of battlefield injury as well as civilian trauma. FTY720 (sphingosine-1-phosphate agonist) has the capability to decrease the activity of the innate and adaptive immune systems and, at the same time, maintain endothelial cell barrier function and vascular homeostasis during stress. For this reason, we hypothesize that FTY720, as part of resuscitation therapy, would limit T/HS-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in a rodent T/HS model.

Oral pretreatment with recombinant human lactoferrin limits trauma-hemorrhagic shock-induced gut injury and the biological activity of mesenteric lymph.

Background: Lactoferrin (LF) is a pleiotropic glycoprotein that is found in bodily secretions and is postulated to enhance the gastrointestinal barrier and promote mucosal immunity. Thus, the ability of talactoferrin, an oral recombinant form of human LF, to limit gut injury and the production of biologically active gut-derived products was tested using a rat model of trauma-hemorrhagic shock (T/HS).

Methods: Male rats were orally dosed with vehicle or talactoferrin (1000 mg/kg, every day) for 5 d before being subjected to T/HS or trauma-sham shock (T/SS).