Exploring urinary incontinence in hospitalised older women: A mixed methods investigation of prevalence and nurse perspectives.

Background: Approximately 40% of older women in the community report experiencing urinary incontinence (UI); prevalence within secondary care is unknown. Illness, comorbidities, and hospital environments are likely to lead to higher prevalence.

Objectives: This study aimed to establish UI prevalence in older women admitted to hospitals and understand the views and knowledge of ward nurses in relation to older women's UI.

Improving Early Detection of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults in Primary Care Clinics: Recommendations From an Interdisciplinary Geriatrics Summit.

As the population ages, the prevalence of cognitive impairment due to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD) is expected to double in the United States to nearly 14 million over the next 40 years. AD and related dementias (ADRD) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and among the costliest to society. Although emerging biomedical interventions for ADRD focus on early stages and are currently limited to AD, care management can benefit patients with ADRD across the disease course.

The prevalence of food insecurity amongst refugees and asylum seekers during, and prior to, their early resettlement period in Australia: A cross-sectional analysis of the 'Building a New Life in Australia' data.

With over 100 million humanitarian migrants globally, there is increasing pressure on high-income countries to offer resettlement opportunities. Humanitarian migrants face many challenges during pre-settlement and resettlement. One challenge is food insecurity (FI).

Performance of Febrile Infant Decision Tools on Hypothermic Infants Evaluated for Infection.

Background: Given the lack of evidence-based guidelines for hypothermic infants, providers may be inclined to use febrile infant decision-making tools to guide management decisions. Our objective was to assess the diagnostic performance of febrile infant decision tools for identifying hypothermic infants at low risk of bacterial infection.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study of hypothermic (≤36.

Time to Positive Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Cultures in Hypothermic Young Infants.

Background And Objective: Hypothermia in young infants may be secondary to an invasive bacterial infection. No studies have explored culture time-to-positivity (TTP) in hypothermic infants. Our objective was to compare TTP of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures between pathogenic and contaminant bacteria in hypothermic infants ≤90 days of age.

Investigating mortality and morbidity associated with UrINary incontinence during Older Womens Secondary Care Admissions and exploring nurses experiences of delivering related care (U-INconti): a mixed methods research protocol.

Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI) is associated with increasing age and is more frequently experienced by women. Despite 40% prevalence in the community, little is known about the prevalence/incidence of UI in older women during hospital admission. UI during hospital admissions, within this group, has also been under-researched in terms of its relationship to specific clinical conditions and mortality rates.

Variation in Care of Well-Appearing Hypothermic Young Infants: A Multisite Study.

Background And Objectives: Numerous decision tools have emerged to guide management of febrile infants, but limited data exist to guide the care of young infants presenting with hypothermia. We evaluated the variation in care for well-appearing hypothermic young infants in the hospital and/or emergency department setting between participating sites.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of well-appearing infants ≤90 days old across 9 academic medical centers from September 1, 2016 to May 5, 2021.

Urinary incontinence in women 55 years and older: A scoping review to understand prevalence, incidence, and mortality of urinary incontinence during secondary care admission.

Background: Up to 40% of older women living in the community experience urinary incontinence. In community settings, urinary incontinence impacts the quality of life, morbidity, and mortality rates. However, little is known about urinary incontinence and its impact on older women admitted to hospitals.

Prevalence of Invasive Bacterial Infection in Hypothermic Young Infants: A Multisite Study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of bacteremia and meningitis (invasive bacterial infection [IBI]) in hypothermic young infants, and also to determine the prevalence of serious bacterial infections (SBI) and neonatal herpes simplex virus and to identify characteristics associated with IBI.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants ≤90 days of age who presented to 1 of 9 hospitals with historical or documented hypothermia (temperature ≤36.0°C) from September 1, 2017, to May 5, 2021.

Diagnosis of Bacterial Tracheostomy-Associated Respiratory Tract Infections in Pediatric Patients.

Objectives: To identify demographic and clinical characteristics of children with fever and/or respiratory illness associated with a diagnosis of bacterial tracheostomy-associated respiratory tract infections (bTARTI). Secondary objectives included comparison of diagnostic testing, length of stay (LOS), and readmission rates between children diagnosed with bTARTI and others.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of encounters over 1 year for fever and/or respiratory illness at a single academic children's hospital for children with tracheostomy dependence.

Are paranoid ideation and hallucination spectrum experiences differently associated with affect dynamics? A continuous-time modeling approach.

Psychotic experiences have been associated with distortions in affective functioning, including aberrancies in affect dynamics. However, it remains unclear whether the two principal symptom dimensions of psychosis, namely paranoid ideation and hallucination spectrum experiences, are differently associated with affect dynamics, and whether associations hold after statistically controlling for depressive symptoms. We investigate this by using a novel statistical approach, the hierarchical Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) process model.

Preventing Obesity in Midlife Women: A Recommendation From the Women's Preventive Services Initiative.

Description: The Women's Preventive Services Initiative (WPSI), a national coalition of women's health professional organizations and patient advocacy representatives, developed a recommendation for counseling midlife women aged 40 to 60 years with normal or overweight body mass index (BMI; 18.5 to 29.9 kg/m) to maintain weight or limit weight gain to prevent obesity with the long-term goals of optimizing health, function, and well-being.

Fitting Multilevel Vector Autoregressive Models in Stan, JAGS, and Mplus.

The influx of intensive longitudinal data creates a pressing need for complex modeling tools that help enrich our understanding of how individuals change over time. Multilevel vector autoregressive (mlVAR) models allow for simultaneous evaluations of reciprocal linkages between dynamic processes and individual differences, and have gained increased recognition in recent years. High-dimensional and other complex variations of mlVAR models, though often computationally intractable in the frequentist framework, can be readily handled using Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques in a Bayesian framework.

Enough time for lunch? The duration and governance of lunch eating times in Australian primary schools: A mixed-methods study.

Developing healthy eating behaviours is important to assist children in maintaining good health and decrease the risk of chronic health conditions. Recent nutrition promotion efforts in Australian primary schools have mainly focused on canteen guideline compliance and obesity prevention interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate the primary school food environment, specifically, allocated lunch eating duration and the governance of children's lunch breaks.

Correction: Data Sharing Goals for Nonprofit Funders of Clinical Trials.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/23011.].

Data Sharing Goals for Nonprofit Funders of Clinical Trials.

Sharing clinical trial data can provide value to research participants and communities by accelerating the development of new knowledge and therapies as investigators merge data sets to conduct new analyses, reproduce published findings to raise standards for original research, and learn from the work of others to generate new research questions. Nonprofit funders, including disease advocacy and patient-focused organizations, play a pivotal role in the promotion and implementation of data sharing policies. Funders are uniquely positioned to promote and support a culture of data sharing by serving as trusted liaisons between potential research participants and investigators who wish to access these participants' networks for clinical trial recruitment.

Mammary Duct Ectasia: Symptomatology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

Mammary duct ectasia is a benign breast condition of unknown etiology. Patients with ductal ectasia might have no symptoms or might present with symptoms so severe that surgery is indicated. Symptomatic patients require a full and careful workup because ductal ectasia in advanced stages can be mistaken for carcinoma of the breast.

COVID-19 trials: declarations of data sharing intentions at trial registration and at publication.

Background: The sharing of individual participant-level data from COVID-19 trials would allow re-use and secondary analysis that can help accelerate the identification of effective treatments. The sharing of trial data is not the norm, but the unprecedented pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 may serve as an impetus for greater data sharing. We sought to assess the data sharing intentions of interventional COVID-19 trials as declared in trial registrations and publications.

Systemic glucocorticoid at discharge after hospitalization for pediatric asthma: a prospective pilot study.

Objective: We examined asthma control in children hospitalized for status asthmaticus 7-10 days after discharge with or without an additional prescription for systemic corticosteroids.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study of patients aged 5-17 years with a documented history of asthma or β-agonist responsive wheezing admitted to the hospital for an acute asthma exacerbation. We compared patients who had any systemic corticosteroid prescribed at discharge with those who were not prescribed systemic corticosteroids at discharge.

Timely access to trial data in the context of a pandemic: the time is now.

Objective: Clinical trial data sharing has the potential to accelerate scientific progress, answer new lines of scientific inquiry, support reproducibility and prevent redundancy. Vivli, a non-profit organisation, operates a global platform for sharing of individual participant-level trial data and associated documents. Sharing of these data collected from each trial participant enables combining of these data to drive new scientific insights or assess reproducibility-not possible with the aggregate or summary data tables historically made available.

Imaging Pediatric Bone Tumors.

Primary bone tumors are the sixth most common type of tumor diagnosed in children. When evaluating bone lesions, specific characteristics-tumor margin, pattern of bone destruction, periosteal reaction, presence or absence of soft tissue mass, lesion location, and type of matrix present-must be considered to distinguish between benign and malignant tumors. Radiography is the most valuable diagnostic tool for initial diagnosis of bone tumors; however, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are vital for establishing tumor invasion and staging of malignant lesions.

Screening for Anxiety in Adolescent and Adult Women: A Recommendation From the Women's Preventive Services Initiative.

Description: The Women's Preventive Services Initiative (WPSI), a national coalition of women's health professional organizations and patient representatives, developed a recommendation on screening for anxiety in adolescent and adult women to improve detection; achieve earlier diagnosis and treatment; and improve health, function, and well-being. The WPSI's recommendations are intended to guide clinical practice and coverage of services for the Health Resources and Services Administration and other stakeholders. The target audience for this recommendation includes all clinicians providing preventive health care to women, particularly in primary care settings.

Landscape Analysis of Breastfeeding-Related Physician Education in the United States.

Breastfeeding is the preferred form of infant nutrition supporting optimal health of mothers and children. Research shows that medical training is deficient in preparing physicians to develop the knowledge base, clinical management skills, and attitudes to provide optimal support for breastfeeding families. We developed this project to assess the current gaps in breastfeeding education during medical training for physicians and to inform the plan to address those gaps.