The Role of Contrast-Enhanced Mammography After Cryoablation of Breast Cancer.

Image-guided cryoablation is an emerging therapeutic technique for the treatment of breast cancer and is a treatment strategy that is an effective alternate to surgery in select patients. Tumor features impacting the efficacy of cryoablation include size, location in relation to skin, and histology (e.g.

MRI Screening of Mutation Carriers: Comparison of Standard Protocol and Abbreviated Protocols With and Without T2-Weighted Images.

Increasing evidence supports the role of abbreviated MRI protocols for breast cancer detection. However, abbreviated protocols have been poorly studied in patients who are or mutation carriers. Furthermore, the need for T2-weighted sequences in abbreviated protocols remains controversial.

Contrast-enhanced mammography: past, present, and future.

Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) combines conventional mammography with iodinated contrast material to improve cancer detection. CEM has comparable performance to breast MRI without the added cost or time of conventional MRI protocols. Thus, this technique may be useful for indications previously reserved for MRI, such as problem-solving, determining disease extent in patients with newly diagnosed cancer, monitoring response to neoadjuvant therapy, evaluating the posttreatment breast for residual or recurrent disease, and potentially screening in women at intermediate- or high-risk for breast cancer.

Rare Cancer on the Rise: An Educational Review of Breast Implant-associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma.

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare but increasingly important diagnosis as the incidence of breast implant placement, both elective and reconstructive, continues to rise. When detected and treated early, this indolent disease carries an excellent prognosis. However, because the clinical presentation is often nonspecific, it is crucial for radiologists to accurately identify the imaging findings associated with BIA-ALCL to facilitate a timely diagnosis.

Artificial intelligence in radiology: the ecosystem essential to improving patient care.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to its widespread use in multiple industries, including healthcare. AI has the potential to be a transformative technology that will significantly impact patient care. Particularly, AI has a promising role in radiology, in which computers are indispensable and new technological advances are often sought out and adopted early in clinical practice.

Ex Vivo CD34-Selected T Cell-Depleted Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Grafts for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Acute Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome Is Associated with Low Incidence of Acute and Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease and High Treatment Response.

Ex vivo CD34-selected T cell depletion (TCD) has been developed as a strategy to reduce the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic (allo) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Clinical characteristics, treatment responses, and outcomes of patients developing acute (aGVHD) and chronic GVHD (cGVHD) after TCD allo-HSCT have not been well established. We evaluated 241 consecutive patients (median age, 57 years) with acute leukemia (n = 191, 79%) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (n = 50, 21%) undergoing CD34-selected TCD allo-HSCT without post-HCST immunosuppression in a single institution.

Comparison of Background Parenchymal Enhancement at Contrast-enhanced Spectral Mammography and Breast MR Imaging.

Purpose To assess the extent of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at contrast material-enhanced (CE) spectral mammography and breast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, to evaluate interreader agreement in BPE assessment, and to examine the relationships between clinical factors and BPE. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective, institutional review board-approved, HIPAA-compliant study. Two hundred seventy-eight women from 25 to 76 years of age with increased breast cancer risk who underwent CE spectral mammography and MR imaging for screening or staging from 2010 through 2014 were included.

Chiasmitis caused by Mycobacterium haemophilum in an immunocompromised adult.

We report a case of chiasmitis caused by a rare nontuberculous mycobacterium in an immunocompromised patient. A 44-year-old man with a history of AIDS presented with recurrent vision loss and headache. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated an enhancing mass involving the optic chiasm.

Sellar collision tumor involving metastatic lung cancer and pituitary adenoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation and review of the literature.

Collision tumors of the sella turcica involving metastases to pituitary adenomas are rare. We report a case of a collision tumor involving metastatic lung cancer with an emphasis on the neuroimaging and histopathological studies. A review of the literature including the diagnostic and management implications as well as pathogenetic mechanisms is also discussed.

Patient transition from a free clinic to a medical home.

ECHO is a student-run free clinic in the Bronx, NY. To address issues in continuity, ECHO transitioned in 2009 from indefinite care to providing patients with only two visits before transferring them to a traditional primary care facility. Diabetic patients who visited ECHO between 7/1/2009 and 6/30/2011 (n=25) were compared to a control group seen between 1/1/2007 and 12/31/2008 (n=25).

Casein kinase 2beta as a novel enhancer of activin-like receptor-1 signaling.

ALK-1 is a transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily receptor that is predominantly expressed in endothelial cells and is essential for angiogenesis, as demonstrated by the embryonic lethal phentoype when targeted for deletion in mice and its mutation in the human disease hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Although ALK-1 and the endothelial-specific TGF-beta superfamily coreceptor, endoglin, form a heteromeric complex and bind similar TGF-beta superfamily ligands, their signaling mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Here we report the identification of CK2beta, the regulatory subunit of protein kinase CK2, as a novel enhancer of ALK-1 signaling.