Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy and Surgical Lung Biopsy: A Prospective Multi-Centre Agreement Clinical Trial (CAN-ICE).

Transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB) for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) has shown promising results, but prospective studies with matched surgical lung biopsy (SLB) have yielded conflicting results. We aimed to assess within- and between-center diagnostic agreement between TBCB and SLB at both the histopathologic and multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) levels in patients with diffuse ILD. In a multicenter prospective study, we performed matched TBCB and SLB in patients referred for SLB.

Assessment of Radiology Artificial Intelligence Software: A Validation and Evaluation Framework.

Artificial intelligence (AI) software in radiology is becoming increasingly prevalent and performance is improving rapidly with new applications for given use cases being developed continuously, oftentimes with development and validation occurring in parallel. Several guidelines have provided reporting standards for publications of AI-based research in medicine and radiology. Yet, there is an unmet need for recommendations on the assessment of AI software before adoption and after commercialization.

Percutaneous CT-guided lung interventions-local pleural anesthesia.

Local pleural anesthesia during percutaneous lung interventions is an important part of the procedure that has not been standardized in the literature. Significant pain can be experienced during lung biopsies, which may affect the outcome of intervention. We describe a step-by-step method of anesthesia targeting the most sensitive anatomical structure involved: the parietal pleura.

Postoperative imaging after lung transplantation.

Lung transplantation (LT) is an established procedure for chronic end-stage lung diseases. Complications are frequent and diverse and are the consequence of the complex surgical technique, the severity of the initial pathology, and the deep state of posttransplantation immunosuppression. Complications following LT include primary graft dysfunction, rejection (hyperacute, acute, and chronic), infections, posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease, pleural and airway complications, native lung complications, and recurrence of primary disease.

Comparison of the effect of low- and iso-osmolar contrast agents on heart rate during chest CT angiography: results of a prospective randomized multicenter study.

Purpose: To prospectively compare the effect of intravenous injection of low-osmolar iopamidol with that of intravenous injection of iso-osmolar iodixanol on heart rate (HR) during nongated chest computed tomographic (CT) angiography.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter study was approved by local institutional review boards, and patients provided written informed consent. Patient enrollment and examination at centers in the United States complied with HIPAA regulations.

Late retrograde perfusion of donor lungs does not decrease the severity of primary graft dysfunction.

Background: The ideal preservation strategy has yet to be established in lung transplantation. This clinical study compares primary graft dysfunction using antegrade and retrograde perfusion of donor lungs.

Methods: Over a 6-year period, 153 consecutive patients underwent lung transplantation in our institution.

Coronary computed tomography angiography: overview of technical aspects, current concepts, and perspectives.

Multidetector-row electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated cardiac computed tomography (CT) will probably be a major noninvasive imaging option in the near future. Recent developments indicate that this new technology is improving rapidly. This article presents an overview of the current concepts, perspectives, and technical capabilities in coronary CT angiography (CTA).

Accuracy and rate of coronary artery segment visualization with CT angiography for the non-invasive detection of coronary artery stenoses.

Objectives: To evaluate CT coronary angiography (CTA) when compared with catheter coronary angiography (CCA), for the detection of coronary artery stenoses and rate of optimal coronary artery segment visualization.

Method: Retrospective, two-center study enrolling 26 patients who underwent CCA and ECG-gated 16-detector CTA (slice thickness 0.6 mm; rotation 500 ms).

Gadolinium-enhanced pulmonary magnetic resonance angiography in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism: a prospective study on 48 patients.

Objective: Gadolinium-enhanced pulmonary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can be an option in patients with a history of previous adverse reaction to iodinated contrast material and renal insufficiency. Radiation is also avoided. The aim of this study is to prospectively compare the diagnostic value of MRA with that of a diagnostic strategy, taking into account catheter angiography, computed tomography angiography (CTA), and lung scintigraphy [ventilation-perfusion (VQ)].