Trust and Public Health Emergency Events: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review.

The systematic review examined the phenomenon of trust during public health emergency events. The literature reviewed was field studies done with people directly affected or likely to be affected by such events and included quantitative, qualitative, mixed-method, and case study primary studies in English ( = 38) as well as Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish (all non-English = 30). Studies were mostly from high- and middle-income countries, and the event most covered was infectious disease.

Quarantine acceptance and adherence: qualitative evidence synthesis and conceptual framework.

Aim: Emergent infectious diseases often lack medical treatment or preventive vaccines, thus requiring non-pharmaceutical interventions such as quarantine to reduce disease transmission. Quarantine, defined as the separation and restriction of movement of healthy people who have potentially been exposed to the disease, remains contentious especially when the risks and benefits are not fully discussed and not effectively communicated to the people by the organizations who impose this public health measure.

Subject And Methods: A qualitative evidence synthesis was conducted to examine the phenomenon of adherence to quarantine focused on the following questions: What strategies affect adherence to quarantine? What are the barriers and facilitators to quarantine acceptance? What benefits and harms of quarantine have been described or measured?

Results: The evidence synthesis produced 18 findings assessed with high confidence.

The Communicative Relationship between the Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Stakeholders and the Reproductive Healthcare Nonprofit Organization.

As the third largest employment sector in the United States, nonprofits work to fill gaps left by the government and for-profit sectors. Because they work with disadvantaged populations, mission-driven nonprofits are afforded an opportunity to empower clients. This study uses Planned Parenthood as a point of entry for interrogating the role of service-oriented nonprofits.

The Effect of Inorganic Salt on Disintegration of Tablets with High Loading of Amorphous Solid Dispersion Containing Copovidone.

Purpose: While including amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) in tablet formulations is increasingly common, tablets containing high ASD loading are associated with slow disintegration, which presents a challenge to control pill burden for less potent compounds.

Methods: We use a model ASD, composed of a hydrophobic drug with copovidone and a non-ionic surfactant, to explore formulation options that can prevent slow disintegration.

Results: In addition to the ASD loading, the pH of the disintegration medium and the inclusion of inorganic salts in the tablet also have an impact on the tablet disintegration time.

Gain versus loss-framed messaging and colorectal cancer screening among African Americans: A preliminary examination of perceived racism and culturally targeted dual messaging.

Objective: This preliminary study examined the effect of gain versus loss-framed messaging as well as culturally targeted personal prevention messaging on African Americans' receptivity to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. This research also examined mechanistic functions of perceived racism in response to message framing.

Design And Methods: Community samples of African Americans (N = 132) and White Americans (N = 50) who were non-compliant with recommended CRC screening completed an online education module about CRC, and were either exposed to a gain-framed or loss-framed message about CRC screening.

Psychometric Properties and Construct Validity of the Knowledge Information Profile-Coumadin.

Oral anticoagulation therapy using Coumadin (warfarin) requires significant patient involvement. Limited validated instruments exist to test patient knowledge of Coumadin, and low health literacy may impede patient self-management. This article reports the psychometric testing of the Knowledge Information Profile-Coumadin (KIP-C20) to determine () minimum number of items and dimensions, () reliability, and () construct validity.