Clinical utility of pharmacogenetics in a psychiatric and primary care population.

This study evaluated the timing, use, and clinical outcomes of the GeneFolio® Pharmacogenomic Panel in a healthcare setting with patients managed by primary care providers or by psychiatrists. Participants were randomized to receive a pharmacogenetics report at four weeks or 12 weeks. After DNA collection and genetic analysis, pharmacists produced a recommendation report which was given to providers at the randomization week.

Pharmacogenetics of Postoperative Pain Management: A Review.

Despite the opioid epidemic, up to 86% of patients experience moderate to severe pain after major surgery. Although several factors influence the amount of pain patients experience postoperatively, studies have identified genetic variations that influence pain perception and response to pain medications. The purpose of this article is to examine evidence of the genetic differences that affect patients' responses to medications frequently used in postoperative pain management.

Avera Twin Register Growing Through Online Consenting and Survey Collection.

The aim of the Avera Twin Register (ATR) is to establish a prospective longitudinal repository of twins, multiples, siblings and family members' biological samples to study environmental and genetic influences on health and disease. Also, it is our intention to contribute to international genome-wide association study (GWAS) twin consortia when appropriate sample size is achieved within the ATR. The ATR is young compared with existing registers and continues to collect a longitudinal repository of biological specimens, survey data and health information.

A Primer to Pharmacogenetics of Postoperative Pain Management.

There is substantial variability in patients' response to medications. The healthcare system is in the midst of a transformation to a targeted precision health approach in which disease treatment and prevention take into account individual genetic variability. This change is informed by studies, which show that genetic variations alter the structure and function of proteins such as drug transporters, drug-metabolizing enzymes, and receptors.

Longitudinal Changes in Depression Symptoms and Glycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: This study assessed longitudinal change in depression symptoms over ≥4 years in adults with type 1 diabetes and examined the association between change in depression symptom status and glycemia.

Research Design And Methods: Adults in the T1D Exchange registry with HbA and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) at 1 year (baseline) and 5 years post-enrollment (follow-up; = 2,744, mean age, 42 years; 57% female, 92% white; mean HbA, 7.6% [58 mmol/mol]) were included.

Correction to: Immunogenic Yeast-Based Fermentation Product Reduces Allergic Rhinitis-Induced Nasal Congestion: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

The article ''Immunogenic Yeast-Based Fermentation Product Reduces Allergic Rhinitis-Induced Nasal Congestion: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial'', written by Mark A. Moyad, Larry E. Robinson, Julie M.

Sleep in children with type 1 diabetes and their parents in the T1D Exchange.

Objectives: Sleep has physiological and behavioral impacts on diabetes outcomes, yet little is known about the impact of sleep disturbances in children with type 1 diabetes. The current study sought to characterize sleep in children with type 1 diabetes and in their parents and to examine the associations between child sleep, glycemic control and adherence, parent sleep and well-being, parental fear of hypoglycemia, and nocturnal caregiving behavior.

Methods: Surveys were emailed to parents of 2- to 12-year-old participants in the Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) Exchange clinic registry.

Timing of Meal Insulin and Its Relation to Adherence to Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes.

The purpose of this study is to examine timing of meal insulin and further determine whether an association exists between timing of meal insulin and missed meal insulin doses. The cohort included 4768 T1D Exchange clinic registry participants <26 years with type 1 diabetes ≥1 year. Chi-square tests, t-tests, and regression were used to assess the relationship between participant characteristics and timing of meal insulin and missed meal doses, respectively.

Racial-ethnic disparities in management and outcomes among children with type 1 diabetes.

Background And Objectives: Previous research has documented racial/ethnic disparities in diabetes treatments and outcomes. It remains controversial whether these disparities result from differences in socioeconomic status (SES) or other factors. We examined racial/ethnic disparities in therapeutic modalities and diabetes outcomes among the large number of pediatric participants in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry.

Depression in adults in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry.

Objective: Little is known about the frequency of depression in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or its relationship to diabetes outcomes. The T1D Exchange clinic registry allowed us to explore depression in a large, heterogeneous sample.

Research Design And Methods: Participants ≥18 years old (N = 6,172; median age 34 years; median diabetes duration 16 years; 55% female; and 89% non-Hispanic white) completed the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), a validated, reliable measure of current depression.

Immunogenic yeast-based fermentation product reduces allergic rhinitis-induced nasal congestion: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) impacts around 25% of the worldwide population. However, cost, safety, and a high dissatisfaction rate with numerous conventional medications continues to be an issue in the largest patient surveys, due primarily to a lack of efficacy on nasal congestion. Our previously published randomized trial demonstrated a significant reduction in cold and flu-like symptoms, and a secondary potential observation of a decrease in nasal congestion with an oral yeast-derived compound; therefore, the objective of this study was to test the effects of this same product on nasal congestion and other notable AR symptoms.

Effects of a modified yeast supplement on cold/flu symptoms.

A yeast-based product (EpiCor, a dried Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentate) was compared to placebo to determine effects on the incidence and duration of cold and flu-like symptoms in healthy subjects recently vaccinated for seasonal influenza. In a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 116 participants received daily supplementation with 500 mg of EpiCor or placebo for 12 weeks. Data collected included periodic in-clinic examinations and serologic evaluations at baseline, 6- and 12-weeks.

Types of adrenoreceptors mediating responses of rabbit gastric muscularis mucosae.

This study investigated adrenoreceptor-mediated responses of muscularis mucosae from the fundic and antral ends of the rabbit gastric corpus. Norepinephrine-induced fundic muscularis mucosae contractions were enhanced by propranolol and converted to relaxations by phentolamine. Methoxamine, but not clonidine, elicited large fundic contractions.