Myocardial Proteome in Human Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) constitutes more than half of all HF but has few effective therapies. Recent human myocardial transcriptomics and metabolomics have identified major differences between HFpEF and controls. How this translates at the protein level is unknown.

Quality and Consumer Acceptance of Chia Seed as an Egg Substitute in Brownies.

Chia seeds have emerged as a promising natural substitute for eggs in various baked products due to their unique gelling properties and ability to bind ingredients. Their gelling abilities closely mimic the moisture-retention functions of eggs in baked goods. The growing interest in plant-based alternatives creates a larger market for more sustainable foods.

Facilitators of and barriers to Medicaid investment in electronic consultation services.

Objective: Electronic consultation, or e-consult, programs have enhanced access to specialty care for primary care providers and their patients, reducing unnecessary in-person visits and maintaining cost-effectiveness. In California, there is great variability in access to e-consult programs for low-income patients who rely on Medicaid managed care plans (MCPs) for covered benefits. This study aimed to understand MCP facilitators of and barriers to e-consult investment in California.

Comparing self-reported race and genetic ancestry for identifying potential differentially methylated sites in endometrial cancer: insights from African ancestry proportions using machine learning models.

While the incidence of endometrial cancer is increasing among all US women, Black women face higher mortality rates. The reasons for this remain unclear. In this study, whole genome differential methylation analysis, along with state-of-the-art computational methods such as the recursive feature elimination technique and supervised/unsupervised machine learning models, was used to identify 38 epigenetic signature genes (ESGs) and four core-ESGs (cg19933311: TRPC5; cg09651654: APOBEC1; cg27299712: PLEKHG5; cg03150409: WHSC1) in endometrial tumors from Black and White women, incorporating genetic ancestry estimation.

Prohormone cleavage prediction uncovers a non-incretin anti-obesity peptide.

Peptide hormones, a class of pharmacologically active molecules, have a critical role in regulating energy homeostasis. Prohormone convertase 1/3 (also known as PCSK1/3) represents a key enzymatic mechanism in peptide processing, as exemplified with the therapeutic target glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). However, the full spectrum of peptides generated by PCSK1 and their functional roles remain largely unknown.

An Unusual Case of Extracavitary/Solid Variant Primary Effusion Lymphoma With Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare, aggressive large B-cell lymphoma variant that is invariably associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), predominantly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, and its oncogenicity is often augmented by coinfection with Epstein-Barr virus. It typically presents as a serous effusion in body cavities without detectable solid tumors. The extracavitary variant of PEL may represent a diagnostic challenge.

Genomic characterization and histologic analysis of uterine leiomyosarcoma arising from leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei.

Leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei (LM-BN) is a rare variant of leiomyoma with a benign clinical course. In contrast, leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a high-grade, malignant neoplasm characterized by high recurrence rates and poor survival. While LM-BN and LMS show distinct morphologies, they share similar immunoprofiles and molecular alterations, with both considered 'genomically unstable'.

Pharmacist Perceptions and Future Scope of Telepharmacy in New Zealand: A Qualitative Exploration.

Telepharmacy is the delivery of pharmacy services through telecommunications technology when patients and pharmacists are separated by physical distance. Falling under the broader term of telehealth, telepharmacy has been adopted globally and proved invaluable during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is aimed at investigating New Zealand pharmacists' perceptions of telepharmacy adoption and assessing its potential impact on their future scope of practice.

Community health workers supporting diverse family caregivers of persons with dementia: Preliminary qualitative results from a randomized home-based study.

Background And Objectives: Culturally diverse informal caregivers of community-dwelling persons with dementia face challenges in accessing dementia care resources due to language barriers and cultural stigmas surrounding dementia. This study presents the perceived intervention experiences of a home-based approach which considers the cultural and linguistic needs of diverse family caregivers in dementia care. The intervention model includes home visits by trained bilingual, non-licensed community health workers (CHWs) whose cultural histories and understandings reflect that of the caregivers.

Predicting Asthma Exacerbations Using Machine Learning Models.

Introduction: Although clinical, functional, and biomarker data predict asthma exacerbations, newer approaches providing high accuracy of prognosis are needed for real-world decision-making in asthma. Machine learning (ML) leverages mathematical and statistical methods to detect patterns for future disease events across large datasets from electronic health records (EHR). This study conducted training and fine-tuning of ML algorithms for the real-world prediction of asthma exacerbations in patients with physician-diagnosed asthma.

Dynamic Evolution of Fibroblasts Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Human Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer remains a high unmet medical need. Understanding the interactions between stroma and cancer cells in this disease may unveil new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.

Synthesis and In Vivo Profiling of Desymmetrized Antimalarial Trioxolanes with Diverse Carbamate Side Chains.

The recent withdrawal of artefenomel from clinical development leaves no endoperoxide-class agents in the antimalarial pipeline. Synthetic endoperoxides with a desymmetrized structure have demonstrated promising physiochemical and properties. Here we expand on our initial investigation of -3″ carbamate substitution with a diverse array of amine-, alcohol-, and sulfinyl-terminated analogues prepared in () and () configurations.

Somatic Mutations in Myometrial Cells.

Over 70% of leiomyoma (LM) harbor mutations, primarily in exon 2 at c.130-131 (GG). Myometrial cells are the cell origin of leiomyoma, but the MED12 mutation status in non-neoplastic myometrial cells is unknown.

Association of changes in HerQLes scores with objective hernia outcomes: an analysis of the ACHQC database.

Background: There are both objective and subjective measures of success following ventral hernia repair (VHR). Using the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative (ACHQC) database, we sought to determine if there is an association between 30-day wound events (objective) and changes in the hernia-related quality-of-life (HerQLes) scores, (subjective). We hypothesized that patients who do not experience a 30-day wound event have a greater improvement in their HerQLes score over the short-term.

Single-nuclei sequencing of uterine serous carcinoma reveals racial differences in immune signaling.

Significant racial disparities exist between Black and White patients with uterine serous carcinoma (USC). While the reasons for these disparities are unclear, several studies have demonstrated significantly different rates of driver mutations between racial groups, including TP53. However, limited research has investigated the transcriptional differences of tumors or the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME) between these groups.

Gene body DNA hydroxymethylation restricts the magnitude of transcriptional changes during aging.

DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC), the most abundant oxidative derivative of DNA methylation, is typically enriched at enhancers and gene bodies of transcriptionally active and tissue-specific genes. Although aberrant genomic 5hmC has been implicated in age-related diseases, its functional role in aging remains unknown. Here, using mouse liver and cerebellum as model organs, we show that 5hmC accumulates in gene bodies associated with tissue-specific function and restricts the magnitude of gene expression changes with age.

The Impact of High Adiposity on Endometrial Progesterone Response and Metallothionein Regulation.

Context: Obesity is a disease with deleterious effects on the female reproductive tract, including the endometrium.

Objective: We sought to understand the effects of excess adipose on the benign endometrium.

Methods: A physiologic in vitro coculture system was developed, consisting of multicellular human endometrial organoids, adipose spheroids, and menstrual cycle hormones.

Lipid nanoparticle structure and delivery route during pregnancy dictate mRNA potency, immunogenicity, and maternal and fetal outcomes.

Treating pregnancy-related disorders is exceptionally challenging because the threat of maternal and/or fetal toxicity discourages the use of existing medications and hinders new drug development. One potential solution is the use of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) RNA therapies, given their proven efficacy, tolerability, and lack of fetal accumulation. Here, we describe LNPs for efficacious mRNA delivery to maternal organs in pregnant mice via several routes of administration.

Racial disparity in uterine leiomyoma: new insights of genetic and environmental burden in myometrial cells.

Uterine leiomyoma (LM), also known as uterine fibroids, are common gynecological tumors and can reach a prevalence of 70% among women by the age of 50 years. Notably, the LM burden is much higher in Black women with earlier onset, a greater tumor number, size, and severity compared to White women. Published knowledge shows that there are genetic, environmental, and lifestyle-based risk factors associated with racial disparity for LM.

Sleep disturbances and interrelationship between persons with dementia and family caregivers: The lived experiences of Korean American Dyads.

Background: Little research has investigated sleep quality in dyadic interrelationships between persons with dementia (PWD) and family caregivers, particularly among immigrant ethnic minorities, such as Korean Americans.

Purpose: The study aimed to describe lived experiences of sleep disturbances and sleep interrelationships between Korean American PWD and their family caregivers.

Methods: A descriptive qualitative design used semi-structured interviews with cohabitating PWD-caregiver dyads.

AI specialization for pathways of economic diversification.

The growth in AI is rapidly transforming the structure of economic production. However, very little is known about how within-AI specialization may relate to broad-based economic diversification. This paper provides a data-driven framework to integrate the interconnection between AI-based specialization with goods and services export specialization to help design future comparative advantage based on the inherent capabilities of nations.