Calcium and phosphate compatibility in low-osmolarity parenteral nutrition admixtures intended for peripheral vein administration.

Background: Precipitation of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) salts can lead to potentially lethal outcomes, especially in low-osmolarity parenteral nutrition (LO-PN) formulations. Three concentrations of amino acids (AA) and 2 concentrations of calcium gluconate and sodium phosphate injections on the compatibility of Ca and P in LO-PN admixtures were studied.

Methods: Final AA concentrations of 1%, 2%, or 3% (n = 3) and 5% glucose (G) were prepared with either 2.