Do Non-Clinical Services Help to Improve Functional Outcomes Among Young Adults With Mental Disorders? A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Mental disorders during young adulthood can significantly impair functioning in daily activities. Non-clinical support services aim to improve functioning by helping people to build social and life skills, participate in education and employment and improve physical health. This study aims to examine and synthesise the evidence for non-clinical services on improving functional outcomes for young adults with mental disorders.

Study to Determine Concordance between High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus DNA Detection in Self Collected First Voided Urine Samples and Health-Care Worker Collected Cervical Samples in a Subset of Women with Proven Histopathological Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of the Cervix.

Objective: The objective of our study was to assess whether urinary samples for human papilloma virus (HPV) detection are a good predictive marker of cervical cancerous and precancerous lesions, by comparing against results from cervical scrapings as the gold standard test.

Materials And Methods: The study is a hospital-based cross-sectional study wherein symptomatic women were screened at the colposcopy clinic. Paired samples-cervical scrapings/washings and urine samples were tested for hr-HPV for women who were found to harbor premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix in histopathological lesions, by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction and HPV genotyping.

High intensity and sprint interval training, and work-related cognitive function in adults: A systematic review.

Objectives: To assess evidence on the impact of acute and chronic high intensity interval training (HIIT) and sprint interval training (SIT) on work-related performance tests of cognitive function in adults.

Methods: The databases PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant articles up to August 2022. Eligible studies assessed the effects of HIIT (70%-100% VO ) and/or SIT (≥100% VO ) on cognitive function test scores in cognitively healthy adults, relative to a control or comparative exercise group/condition.

Study to determine efficacy of urinary HPV 16 & HPV 18 detection in predicting premalignant and malignant lesions of uterine cervix.

Objectives: To evaluate clinical performance and diagnostic accuracy of urinary HPV for non-invasive screening of high-grade precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions in a visual inspection under acetic acid (VIA) -positive cohort.

Method: The study included 180 women aged 35-65 years, who were VIA positive in a colposcopy clinic. All participants had the initial stream of a random urine sample tested for the presence of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) types 16 and 18 and acetowhite lesions were biopsied per protocol.

Burden and Associated Genotype Patterns of High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus Infection and Cervical Cytology Abnormalities among Women in Central India.

Background: The epidemiology of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and the pattern of HPV genotype distribution are much-needed parameters to assess the risk of cervical cancer among females. However, due to less availability of data on HPV burden and its genotypes from various geographical regions in India makes cervical cancer screening modalities and vaccination strategies difficult to implement.

Objective: The present study was conducted to identify the various genotypes particularly high-risk HPV types in premalignant or malignant cervical lesions.

Postplacental Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Transmigration - Rare but the Real Concern for Service Providers.

Uterine perforation following postplacental intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) insertion is a rare event with a potential for serious injuries. In the present case, a young lady with a history of PPIUCD insertion presented with a mass having ill-defined margins and restricted mobility palpable in her right iliac region. Examination reported a conglomerated mass in right adnexa with an IUCD surrounded by a heterogeneous inflammatory collection to which omentum and bowel loops adherent to it.

Key service components for age-appropriate mental health service planning for young adults.

Aim: To identify and describe key service components that should be incorporated into age-appropriate integrated mental health care for young adults aged 18-24 years.

Methods: Key service components were identified through a mixed-methods approach including targeted examinations of the literature and structured discussions with experts in youth mental health.

Results: Seven key components were identified as important for providing age-appropriate mental health care to young adults.

Community Health Workers Connecting Communities During COVID-19: A Case Study From Chicago.

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has adversely impacted vulnerable communities. Community health workers (CHWs) are an evidence-based solution for helping communities navigate challenges and barriers. This case study describes the work of CHWs in a large Hispanic Chicago neighborhood who experienced a disproportionate number of COVID-19 cases.

Impact of Neostigmine and Sugammadex on Time to Leaving the Operating Room in a Community Hospital.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of sugammadex on operating room (OR) times versus neostigmine in patients recovering from rocuronium or vecuronium induced neuromuscular blockade.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients 18 years or older with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of I-III who received sugammadex or neostigmine (January- October 2017) for reversal of rocuronium or vecuronium at a 500 bed, community hospital. Patients who were pregnant or breastfeeding were excluded.

Impact of Neostigmine and Sugammadex on Time to Leaving the Operating Room in a Community Hospital.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of sugammadex on operating room (OR) times versus neostigmine in patients recovering from rocuronium or vecuronium induced neuromuscular blockade.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients 18 years or older with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status of I-III who received sugammadex or neostigmine (January- October 2017) for reversal of rocuronium or vecuronium at a 500 bed, community hospital. Patients who were pregnant or breastfeeding were excluded.

Impact of Baseline Glycemic Control on Residual Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus and High-Risk Vascular Disease Treated With Statin Therapy.

Background The contemporary impact of glycemic control on patients with diabetes mellitus at high cardiovascular risk remains unclear. We evaluated the utility of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as a marker of risk on the composite end point of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, and coronary revascularization in an optimally treated population with diabetes mellitus and established coronary artery disease enrolled in the ACCELERATE (Assessment of Clinical Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibition With Evacetrapib in Patients at a High Risk for Vascular Outcomes) trial. Methods and Results We included all patients with established diabetes mellitus and measured HbA1c (N=8145) and estimated Kaplan-Meier (KM) events rates, stratified by increasing baseline HbA1c levels censored at 30 months.

Non-invasive volumetric assessment of aortic atheroma: a core laboratory validation using computed tomography angiography.

Aortic atherosclerosis has been linked with worse peri- and post-procedural outcomes following a range of aortic procedures. Yet, there are currently no standardized methods for non-invasive volumetric pan-aortic plaque assessment. We propose a novel means of more accurately assessing plaque volume across whole aortic segments using computed tomography angiography (CTA) imaging.

FKS mutant Candida glabrata: risk factors and outcomes in patients with candidemia.

Background: Echinocandins are recommended for Candia glabrata candidemia. Mutations in the FKS1 and FKS2 genes are associated with echinocandin resistance. Few studies have assessed risk factors for FKS mutant isolates and outcomes in patients receiving micafungin treatment.

Clinical pharmacology and efficacy of inhaled iloprost for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Similar to other prostanoids, iloprost is a potent vasodilator with considerable antiproliferative and anti-thrombotic properties, although the relevance of its ability to affect platelet aggregation in this subset of patients is unrecognized. The pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a multifactorial and complex process secondary to an innate deficiency of substances that induce vasodilation and an overproduction of substances producing vasoconstriction. The production of endothelial vasoactive mediators such as nitric oxide, prostacyclin, endothelin-1, thromboxane and serotonin affect the growth of smooth muscle cells, which facilitate the development of structural remodeling changes that are characteristic of PAH.

Confronting the diabetes disparity: a look at diabetes, nutrition, and physical activity programs in the Lower Rio Grande Valley.

Diabetes prevalence is higher along U.S.-Mexico border than in nonborder regions, and numerous community-based organizations are addressing this diabetes disparity through prevention and management programs.