Efficacy of a propofol bolus against placebo to prevent cough at emergence from general anesthesia with desflurane: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Emergence from anesthesia is a critical period and cough can result in adverse effects. Propofol inhibits airway reflexes and when infused it reduces cough more than inhalation anesthesia does. We evaluated the effect of a propofol bolus given at emergence on the incidence of coughing following a desflurane-based anesthesia.

The Quebec Cannabis Registry: Investigating the Safety and Effectiveness of Medical Cannabis.

To investigate the safety and effectiveness of medical cannabis (MC) in the real-world clinical practice setting. A 4-year prospective noncomparative registry of adult patients who initiated MC for a variety of indications. This paper reports on patients followed for up to 12 months, with interim visits at 3, 6, and 9 months after enrollment.

Predictors of Pain Reduction Among Fibromyalgia Patients Using Medical Cannabis: A Long-Term Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Many patients with fibromyalgia (FM) report using cannabis as a strategy to improve pain. Given that pain often co-occurs with symptoms of anxiety and depression (i.e.

Peak plasma concentration of total and free bupivacaine after erector spinae plane and pectointercostal fascial plane blocks.

Purpose: Erector spinae plane blocks (ESPB) and pectointercostal fascial (PIFB) plane blocks are novel interfascial blocks for which local anesthetic (LA) doses and concentrations necessary to achieve safe and effective analgesia are unknown. The goal of this prospective observational study was to provide the timing (T) and concentration (C) of maximum total and free plasma bupivacaine after ESPB in breast surgery and after PIFB in cardiac surgery patients.

Methods: Erector spinae plane blocks or PIFBs (18 patients per block; total, 36 patients) were performed with 2 mg⋅kg of bupivacaine with epinephrine 5 μg⋅mL.

Pectoral I Block Does Not Improve Postoperative Analgesia After Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Dual-Centered Controlled Trial.

Background And Objectives: General anesthesia for breast surgery may be supplemented by using a regional anesthetic technique. We evaluated the efficacy of the first pectoral nerve block (Pecs I) in treating postoperative pain after breast cancer surgery.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, dual-centered, placebo-controlled trial was performed.

Medical cannabis: considerations for the anesthesiologist and pain physician.

Purpose: New regulations are in place at the federal and provincial levels in Canada regarding the way medical cannabis is to be controlled. We present them together with guidance for the safe use of medical cannabis and recent clinical trials on cannabis and pain.

Source: The new Canadian regulations on the use of medical cannabis, the provincial regulations, and the various cannabis products available from the Canadian Licensed Producers were reviewed from Health Canada, provincial licensing authorities, and the licensed producers website, respectively.

Endocannabinoids decrease neuropathic pain-related behavior in mice through the activation of one or both peripheral CB₁ and CB₂ receptors.

The two most studied endocannabinoids are anandamide (AEA), principally catalyzed by fatty-acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), mainly hydrolyzed by monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL). Inhibitors targeting these two enzymes have been described, including URB597 and URB602, respectively. Several recent studies examining the contribution of CB₁ and/or CB₂ receptors on the peripheral antinociceptive effects of AEA, 2-AG, URB597 and URB602 in neuropathic pain conditions using either pharmacological tools or transgenic mice separately have been reported, but the exact mechanism is still uncertain.

Opioids and cannabinoids interactions: involvement in pain management.

Among several pharmacological properties, analgesia is the most common feature shared by either opioid or cannabinoid systems. Cannabinoids and opioids are distinct drug classes that have been historically used separately or in combination to treat different pain states. Indeed, it is widely known that activation of either opioid or cannabinoid systems produce antinociceptive properties in different pain models.

[The cannabinoid system and pain: a new therapeutic avenue?].

Pain is relatively refractory to most of the current analgesics, emphasizing the importance of identifying novel pharmacological agents. Thus, modulation of the cannabinoid system is a new therapeutic approach. This could be performed at several levels.

Pre-emptive antinociceptive effects of a synthetic cannabinoid in a model of neuropathic pain.

The antinociceptive effects of WIN55,212-2, a synthetic cannabinoid, were evaluated in the model of partial sciatic nerve ligation after daily subcutaneous administration of 0.1 mg/kg a week before and two weeks after surgery. Mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were evaluated in 46 rats allocated to receive: (1) Vehicle (before surgery)-Vehicle (after surgery); (2) Vehicle-WIN55,212-2; (3) WIN55,212-2-Vehicle; (4) WIN55,212-2-WIN55,212-2; (5) AM251+vehicle; (6) AM251+WIN55,212-2; (7) AM630+vehicle; (8) AM630+WIN55,212-2; (9) Sham receiving vehicle; and (10) Sham receiving WIN55,212-2.