Lipopolysaccharide induced systemic inflammation and heart rate variability in a term newborn piglet model.

Background: Early biomarkers are needed to improve diagnosis and support antibiotic stewardship in neonatal sepsis. Heart rate variability (HRV) is proposed as such a biomarker. However, there is a lack of studies in term newborns.

Neuroimaging Findings in US Government Personnel and Their Family Members Involved in Anomalous Health Incidents.

Importance: US government personnel stationed internationally have reported anomalous health incidents (AHIs), with some individuals experiencing persistent debilitating symptoms.

Objective: To assess the potential presence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detectable brain lesions in participants with AHIs, with respect to a well-matched control group.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This exploratory study was conducted at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center and the NIH MRI Research Facility between June 2018 and November 2022.

Clinical, Biomarker, and Research Tests Among US Government Personnel and Their Family Members Involved in Anomalous Health Incidents.

Importance: Since 2015, US government and related personnel have reported dizziness, pain, visual problems, and cognitive dysfunction after experiencing intrusive sounds and head pressure. The US government has labeled these anomalous health incidents (AHIs).

Objective: To assess whether participants with AHIs differ significantly from US government control participants with respect to clinical, research, and biomarker assessments.

"Everything That's Hard Got Harder": Preservice Teachers' Attempts at Rigorous and Responsive Instruction During Pedagogical Rehearsals in the COVID Pandemic.

At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, our teacher preparation program shifted to an online setting, disrupting a key feature of practice-based teacher preparation: preservice science teachers' (PSTs) approximation of rigorous and responsive instruction during extended pedagogical rehearsals, called macroteaching. Given this unplanned shock to their preparation, we examined how PSTs viewed macroteaching and their evolving participation in the teaching rehearsal. Using a situative perspective, we collected multiple forms of data.

Audiometric and Otologic Findings in Children and Young Adults with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Plexiform Neurofibromas.

Objectives: To characterize otologic and audiologic manifestations in our NF1 cohort and explore the relationship between otologic and audiologic findings in a subset of patients with ear-related plexiform neurofibromas (PNs).

Methods: Audiologic and otologic clinical evaluations were conducted on 102 patients with NF1 in a natural history study (5-45 years; M = 14.4 years; Mdn = 14).

Increased muscle activity during sleep and more RBD symptoms in H1N1-(Pandemrix)-vaccinated narcolepsy type 1 patients compared with their non-narcoleptic siblings.

Study Objectives: Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is characterized by unstable sleep-wake and muscle tonus regulation during sleep. We characterized dream enactment and muscle activity during sleep in a cohort of post-H1N1 NT1 patients and their siblings, and analyzed whether clinical phenotypic characteristics and major risk factors are associated with increased muscle activity.

Methods: RBD symptoms and polysomnography m.

ASPHALT II: Study Protocol for a Multi-Method Evaluation of a Comprehensive Peer-Led Youth Community Sport Programme Implemented in Low Resource Neighbourhoods.

To reduce inequalities in children's sport participation, studies are needed to explore ways in which children from low resource neighbourhoods can be engaged and retained in sport. GAME Community is a peer-led community sport programme which aims to promote physical activity through participation in inclusive street sports activities targeting 8-15-year-old children living in low resource neighbourhoods. The GAME Community intervention is implemented by the non-profit street sport organisation GAME.

Activating the 'peerness' of youth leaders in a community sports programme through techne and phronesis.

Peer-to-peer approaches engage groups of people considered to share one or more characteristics that identify them as peers and draw on rationales of credibility, identification and role modelling in peer-to-peer interactions. Despite the popularity of the approach, the ways in which the peer leadership component specifically contributes to health promotion is not thoroughly understood. We suggest that a first step for making use of peer leader characteristics is to make explicit what the peer leadership component is expected to bring to a programme.

To treat or not to treat? High-potency benzodiazepine use in a case of comorbid hallucinogen persisting perception disorder and alcohol use disorder.

Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) is characterized by visual disturbances that resemble psychedelic intoxication and linger after use has ceased. The most common substances precipitating HPPD, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin, are posited to do so via damage to serotonergic neurons involved in vision. Mr.

Changes in quality of life 6 months after parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism.

Objective: The extent of symptoms due to primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) depends on the population being studied. PHPT is mainly discovered incidentally through routine laboratory findings. Less is known about patient-experienced improvement following successful parathyroidectomy.

Preoperative imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism: Are C-Choline PET/CT and Tc-MIBI/ Iodide subtraction SPECT/CT interchangeable or do they supplement each other?

Objective: Preoperative location of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands (HPGs) is vital when planning minimally invasive surgery in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Dual-isotope subtraction scintigraphy with Tc-MIBI/ Iodide using SPECT/CT and planar pinhole imaging (Di-SPECT) has shown high sensitivity, but is challenged by high radiation dose, time consumption and cost. C-Choline PET/CT (faster with a lower radiation dose) is non-inferior to Di-SPECT.

Video-polysomnography procedures for diagnosis of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and the identification of its prodromal stages: guidelines from the International RBD Study Group.

Video-polysomnography (v-PSG) is essential for diagnosing rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Although there are current American Academy of Sleep Medicine standards to diagnose RBD, several aspects need to be addressed to achieve harmonization across sleep centers. Prodromal RBD is a stage in which symptoms and signs of evolving RBD are present, but do not yet meet established diagnostic criteria for RBD.

Locating hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands using C-Choline PET/CT: an inter- and intra-observer variation study.

Background: Use of C-Choline PET/CT is gaining ground in detecting hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the robustness of C-Choline PET/CT by assessing intra- and inter-observer agreement to determine whether the method was reader sensitive and therefore should only be performed at highly specialised sites with a high number of cases. PET/CT images of 40 patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism were anonymised and evaluated three times by three readers: an expert reader and two non-experts (non-experts were experienced in PET/CT imaging, but not in C-Choline PET/CT in the setting of primary hyperparathyroidism).

Audiologic and Otologic Clinical Manifestations of Loeys-Dietz Syndrome: A Heritable Connective Tissue Disorder.

Objective: Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a rare genetic connective tissue disorder resulting from TGF-ß signaling pathway defects and characterized by a wide spectrum of aortic aneurysm, arterial tortuosity, and various extravascular abnormalities. This study describes the audiologic, otologic, and craniofacial manifestations of LDS.

Study Design: Consecutive cross-sectional study.

The levels of the serine protease HTRA1 in cerebrospinal fluid correlate with progression and disability in multiple sclerosis.

Background: High Temperature Requirement Serine Protease A1 (HTRA1) degrades extracellular matrix molecules (ECMs) and growth factors. It interacts with several proteins implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS), but has not previously been linked to the disease.

Objective: Investigate the levels of HTRA1 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in different subtypes of MS and brain tissue.

Association of neurocognitive functioning with sleep stage dissociation and REM sleep instability in medicated patients with schizophrenia.

Many patients with schizophrenia present with impaired cognitive functioning and sleep disturbances. Dissociated stages of sleep represent instability within distinct sleep regulatory cerebral networks. Previous studies found increased rates of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia and a positive association with psychopathology.

Cortical arousal frequency is increased in narcolepsy type 1.

Study Objectives: Hypocretin deficient narcolepsy (type 1, NT1) presents with multiple sleep abnormalities including sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods (SOREMPs) and sleep fragmentation. We hypothesized that cortical arousals, as scored by an automatic detector, are elevated in NT1 and narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) patients as compared to control subjects.

Methods: We analyzed nocturnal polysomnography (PSG) recordings from 25 NT1 patients, 20 NT2 patients, 18 clinical control subjects (CC, suspected central hypersomnia but with normal cerebrospinal (CSF) fluid hypocretin-1 (hcrt-1) levels and normal results on the multiple sleep latency test), and 37 healthy control (HC) subjects.

C-Choline PET/CT vs. Tc-MIBI/Iodide Subtraction SPECT/CT for Preoperative Detection of Abnormal Parathyroid Glands in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective, Single-Centre Clinical Trial in 60 Patients.

Background: In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) locating hyperfunctioning glands (HPGs) is crucial when planning minimally invasive surgery. Dual-isotope subtraction scintigraphy with Tc-MIBI/Iodide using SPECT/CT and planar pinhole imaging (Method A) has previously shown a sensitivity >93%. However, the method is costly and time consuming and entails a high radiation dose.

Added Value of Subtraction SPECT/CT in Dual-Isotope Parathyroid Scintigraphy.

Background: Adding subtraction single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) to dual isotope (I-123 and Tc-99m-sestamibi) subtraction parathyroid scintigraphy is not widely implemented. We aimed to assess the added value of dual isotope subtraction SPECT/CT over single isotope SPECT/CT as an adjunct to dual isotope planar pinhole subtraction scintigraphy.

Methods: Parathyroid scintigraphies from 106 patients with an estimated total of 415 parathyroid glands who (1) were diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism, (2) underwent dual isotope subtraction scintigraphy in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gentofte Hospital, Denmark throughout 2017 and (3) underwent subsequent parathyroidectomy, were included.