Generic dispensing rates for substitutable drugs prescribed by general practitioners compared with other private ambulatory specialists: A study based on a French national reimbursement database.

Background: The use of generic drugs is a way for healthcare systems to reduce costs, particularly in ambulatory care. Several studies suggest that the prescriber's speciality is associated with the use of generic drugs, and that substitutable drugs prescribed by General Practitioners (GPs) are more often generic, but this association has never been studied in France. In the French legislative context, except in rare situations, all substitutable drugs prescribed should be dispensed in generic form.

How do patients perceive the retirement of their general practitioner? A qualitative interview study in France.

Objectives: The perspective of general practitioners' (GPs) on retirement and the factors influencing their attitude towards retirement have been previously investigated. However, while the number of GPs has been declining for many years in France, leading to the emergence of medical deserts, the impact on their patients remains to be explored. The aim of this study was to understand patients' perceptions of their GP's retirement.

Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy and associated social inequalities in developed countries over the 1995-2020 period: A systematic review.

Background: Smoking during pregnancy (SDP) is an important source of preventable morbidity and mortality for both mother and child.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe changes in the prevalence of SDP over the last 25 years in developed countries (Human Development Index >0.8 in 2020) and associated social inequalities.

Intrauterine Pregnancy Detection and Gestational Age Assessment During Early Pregnancy by a Handheld Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Device Compared to a High-End Ultrasound System. An Accuracy and Reliability Study.

The main objective of this study is the evaluation of the accuracy and reliability of a handheld point of care ultrasound device (POCUS-hd) for intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) detection compared to comprehensive reference transabdominal ultrasound (TU). The secondary objectives were to evaluate POCUS-hd for intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) detection compared to transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound (TUTV), evaluate the inter-device agreement and inter-rater reliability of gestational age during early pregnancy. It is an observational transverse study with consecutive patient recruitment.

Inhaled ciclesonide for outpatient treatment of COVID-19 in adults at risk of adverse outcomes: a randomised controlled trial (COVERAGE).

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of inhaled ciclesonide in reducing the risk of adverse outcomes in COVID-19 outpatients at risk of developing severe illness.

Methods: COVERAGE is an open-label, randomized controlled trial. Outpatients with documented COVID-19, risk factors for aggravation, symptoms for ≤7 days, and absence of criteria for hospitalization are randomly allocated to either a control arm or one of several experimental arms, including inhaled ciclesonide.

[Not Available].

Introduction: The prevalence of poor mental health during pregnancy is estimated at 10% and it appears to be associated with increased maternal and child morbidity. This pilot study aims to assess the impact on pregnant women, their mental health, and health care trajectory of early identification of poor mental health during pregnancy.

Method: This interventional study was carried out in three districts of Paris and included two groups.

How French general practitioners adapt their care to patients with social difficulties?

Objective: Several studies have shown the role of the primary care system in access to care and in reducing social inequalities in health. The objective of this study was to describe the practices of general practitioners (GPs) in taking into account the social environment of their patient, and the ways they adapted to social difficulties.

Design: Qualitative study comprising interviews and focus groups.

Maternal diet before and during pregnancy and risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis in children.

Background: Consumption of certain foods during pregnancy has been shown to have beneficial effects on childhood asthma and allergic disease development and aggravation. However, most studies provide conflicting results and the relationships between maternal preconceptional diet and risks of childhood asthma and allergic disease have not previously been explored. The objective of this study was to assess maternal diet during the year before pregnancy and the last 3 months of pregnancy and investigate their associations with the risks of asthma, wheezing, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in young children.

Factors influencing the quality of life of pregnant women: a systematic review.

Background: Pregnancy is a period of transition with important physical and emotional changes. Even in uncomplicated pregnancies, these changes can affect the quality of life (QOL) of pregnant women, affecting both maternal and infant health. The objectives of this study were to describe the quality of life during uncomplicated pregnancy and to assess its associated socio-demographic, physical and psychological factors in developed countries.

Prenatal maternal depression related to allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in the first 5 years of life in children of the EDEN mother-child cohort study.

Unlabelled: Backgroud: Evidence about the relationship between prenatal maternal depression and the development of childhood asthma and allergies in early life is scarce. We aimed to examine this relationship by using data set of EDEN mother-child cohort study. A total of 1139 children were followed-up until the age of 5 years.

Prenatal exposure to selenium may protect against wheezing in children by the age of 3.

Introduction: It has been suggested that human in utero exposure to heavy metals such as selenium can reduce the prevalence of childhood asthma and allergic diseases. However, data on this topic are scarce. The objective of the present study was to assess the putative associations between maternal selenium level during pregnancy and the risk of asthma, wheezing, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis in children from the EDEN birth cohort by the age of 1 and 3 years.

Changes in body mass index during childhood and risk of various asthma phenotypes: a retrospective analysis.

Background: It is known that asthma is related to obesity but also to small birthweight. The objective of this study was to clarify this issue by assessing the putative relationship between the changes in corpulence between birth and childhood as assessed by body mass index (BMI) and asthma phenotypes.

Methods: The following status in corpulence was assessed in 7781 schoolchildren using quartile of BMI at birth and at around 10 (9-11 years): underweight at birth and at around 10, underweight at birth and overweight at around 10, overweight at birth and underweight at around 10, overweight at birth and at around 10, and the reference group constituted by all the other children in whom corpulence changes were not extreme.

Detecting eating disorder patients in a general practice setting: a systematic review of heterogeneous data on clinical outcomes and care trajectories.

Purpose: The incidence and prevalence of eating disorders (ED) is low in general practice (GP) settings. Studies in secondary care suggest that the general practitioner has an important role to play in the early detection of patients with EDs. The aim of this study was to describe the effect (clinical outcomes and care trajectory) of screening for EDs among patients in general practice settings.

[Role of the mother's family environment in the initiation of breastfeeding].

Introduction: World Health Organization guidelines recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the mother's personal circle and coworkers initiation of breastfeeding.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in two maternity hospitals in Lyon and in the Paris area.

Correction: Postnatal Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure Related to Behavioral Problems in Children.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Postnatal Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure Related to Behavioral Problems in Children.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between pre and post environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and behavioral problems in schoolchildren.

Methods: In the cross-sectional 6 cities Study conducted in France, 5221 primary school children were investigated. Pre- and postnatal exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke at home was assessed using a parent questionnaire.