Pancreatic cancer in people with HIV: a case-control study.

Background: We aimed to estimate the incidence and to assess the risks factors associated with pancreatic cancer (PC) in people with HIV (PWH).

Setting: We used electronic medical record data from 2009 to 2020 available in the COREVIH Ile-de-France Est database of PWH treated in Paris' public hospitals.

Methods: We analyzed data on patient demographics, treatment history, and immuno-virologic status.

Socioeconomic impact of the COVID-19 crisis and early perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines among immigrant and nonimmigrant people living with HIV followed up in public hospitals in Seine-Saint-Denis, France.

The burden of the first year of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was greater for vulnerable populations, such as immigrants, people living in disadvantaged urban areas, and people with chronic illnesses whose usual follow-up may have been disrupted. Immigrants receiving care for HIV in Seine-Saint-Denis' hospitals have a combination of such vulnerabilities, while nonimmigrant people living with HIV (PLWHIV) have more heterogeneous vulnerability profiles. The ICOVIH study aimed to compare the socioeconomic effects of the COVID-19 crisis as well as attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination among immigrant and nonimmigrant PLWHIV.

SARS-CoV-2 rapid serological tests for field-based healthcare workers in homeless communities: A mixed-methods exploratory analysis.

Objectives: The high risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in homeless communities requires adapted prevention strategies for field-based healthcare workers (HCWs). Rapid serological tests (RSTs) could be an invaluable tool for HCWs to control COVID-19 transmission. This study assesses the benefits of RSTs for HCWs in Marseille, France.

Comparison of cervical cancer screening by self-sampling papillomavirus test versus pap-smear in underprivileged women in France.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare cervical cancer screening by pap smear (PS) versus preliminary HPV testing based on self-collected samples (SC-HPV).

Methods: Interventional study among underprivileged women from 25 to 65 years old in four French cities. The control group (CG) was referred for a PS.

Once-daily etravirine/raltegravir (400/800 mg q24h) dual therapy maintains viral suppression over 48 weeks in HIV-infected patients switching from a twice-daily etravirine/raltegravir (200/400 mg q12h) regimen.

Background: Etravirine/raltegravir dual therapy has been shown to be highly effective as a twice-daily (q12h) regimen in suppressed HIV-infected patients enrolled in the ANRS-163 study.

Objectives: As a once-daily (q24h) regimen is easier for daily life, we aimed to evaluate the capacity of etravirine/raltegravir (400/800 mg) q24h to maintain viral suppression in patients on etravirine/raltegravir q12h.

Methods: Patients on a suppressive etravirine/raltegravir q12h regimen for at least 96 weeks were switched to etravirine/raltegravir q24h in this prospective, multicentre, open-label, single-arm study.

High clustering of acute HCV infections and high rate of associated STIs among Parisian HIV-positive male patients.

Background: Increasing incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men having sex with men (MSM) has been described in recent years. Phylogenetic analyses of acute HCV infections were undertaken to characterize the dynamics during the epidemic in Paris, and associated sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were evaluated.

Methods: Sanger sequencing of polymerase gene was performed.

Hepatitis B virus genotype G and liver fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection.

Introduction: Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype G has been associated with increased liver fibrosis levels compared with other genotypes in cross-sectional studies, yet its role in fibrosis evolution remains to be established.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 158 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-HBV coinfected patients had available HBV genotyping at baseline. Liver fibrosis was assessed at baseline and every 6 to 12 months by the FibroTest (BioPredictive, Paris, France).

Testing for hepatitis B virus alone does not increase vaccine coverage in non-immunized persons.

Aim: To determine whether hepatitis B virus (HBV)-testing could serve as a gateway to vaccinate non-immunized individuals in a low-prevalent country.

Methods: Non-immunized subjects participating in a multi-center, HBV-testing campaign in Paris, France were identified and contacted via telephone 3-9 mo after testing in order to determine vaccination status. Vaccination coverage was evaluated in per-protocol (for all respondents) and intent-to-treat analysis (assuming all non-responders did not vaccinate).

Sensitivity of the STAT-VIEW rapid self-test and implications for use during acute HIV infection.

Objectives: HIV testing is an important step towards diminishing incident infections. Rapid self-tests whose use is becoming more common in France could help increase access to testing, yet could fail to diagnose HIV during acute HIV infection (AHI). The aim of the present study was to evaluate HIV-detection sensitivity of a commonly used rapid self-test (STAT-VIEW HIV1/2), compared with another point-of-care rapid test (INSTI), among patients presenting with AHI.

Diagnostic accuracy of the Coopscore to predict liver fibrosis in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis B virus co-infection.

Background Non-invasive methods for assessing liver fibrosis are increasingly used as an alternative to liver biopsy. Recently, a score-based biochemical blood test (Coopscore) was developed in a cohort of patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus, showing higher diagnostic performances than Fibrometer®, Fibrotest®, Hepascore® and Fibroscan™. Here, we assess its performance in patients co-infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus.

Hepatitis C virus drives increased type I interferon-associated impairments associated with fibrosis severity in antiretroviral treatment-treated HIV-1-hepatitis C virus-coinfected individuals.

Background: Viral coinfections might contribute to the increased immune activation and inflammation that persist in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-treated HIV-1 patients. We investigated whether the hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection contributes to such alterations by impairing the plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) IFNα/TLR7 pathway in a highly homogeneous group of ART-treated HIV-1-HCV-coinfected patients.

Methods: Twenty-nine HIV-1-infected patients with fully suppressive ART were included, 15 of whom being HCV-coinfected with mild-to-moderate fibrosis and matched for their HIV-1 disease, and 13 control healthy donors.

Liver fibrosis regression and progression during controlled hepatitis B virus infection among HIV-HBV patients treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in France: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Long-term tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) use has been associated with significant regression of liver fibrosis during hepatitis B virus (HBV) mono-infection, yet little is known during HIV-HBV coinfection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of liver fibrosis and its determinants in TDF-treated coinfected patients.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 167 HIV-HBV-infected patients initiating TDF-containing antiretroviral therapy were included.

HCV reinfection incidence and spontaneous clearance rates in HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Western Europe.

Background & Aims: Moderate cure rates of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections with pegylated interferon and ribavirin have been described in the last decade in men who have sex with men (MSM), who are also coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, a subsequent high incidence of HCV reinfections has been reported regionally in men who both clear the infection spontaneously or who respond to treatment.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of reinfections in HIV infected MSM in eight centers from Austria, France, Germany, and the UK within the NEAT network between May 2002 and June 2014.

2014 French guidelines for hepatitis B and C screening: a combined targeted and mass testing strategy of chronic viruses namely HBV, HCV and HIV.

Background & Aims: Worldwide and, to a lesser extent, in France, a minority of individuals infected with hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) is aware of its status. Given the current availability of highly effective anti-HBV and anti-HCV agents, the high rate of undiagnosed people, associated with individual and community prejudices (liver disease worsening, persistence of a hidden transmission reservoir and medicoeconomic burden of delayed care), is unacceptable.

Methods: On the occasion of the first French general report on viral hepatitis, new recommendations for HBV and HCV testing were issued.

Effectiveness of hepatitis B rapid tests toward linkage-to-care: results of a randomized, multicenter study.

Objectives: Worldwide, many infected individuals are unaware of their hepatitis B virus (HBV) status. We evaluated the effectiveness of HBV rapid testing in promoting linkage-to-care.

Methods: In 2012, volunteers were recruited from five Parisian centers.

Simultaneous Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Hepatitis B-Hepatitis C Point-of-Care Tests Improve Outcomes in Linkage-to-Care: Results of a Randomized Control Trial in Persons Without Healthcare Coverage.

Background.  In Europe and the United States, more than two thirds of individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 15%-30% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals are unaware of their infection status. Simultaneous HIV-, HBV-, and HCV-rapid tests could help improve infection awareness and linkage-to-care in particularly vulnerable populations.

Current state of and needs for hepatitis B screening: results of a large screening study in a low-prevalent, metropolitan region.

Background: In low hepatitis B virus (HBV)-prevalent countries, most HBV-infected persons are unaware of their status. We aimed to evaluate whether (i) previous HBV-testing, (ii) physicians decision to screen, and (iii) CDC's recommendations identified infected individuals and which risk-factor groups needing testing.

Methods: During a mass, multi-center HBV-screening study from September 2010-August 2011, 3929 participants were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HBs and anti-Hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBcAb).

Efficacy and tolerance of telaprevir in HIV-hepatitis C virus genotype 1-coinfected patients failing previous antihepatitis C virus therapy: 24-week results.

The efficacy and tolerance of telaprevir (TVR) was examined in 20 mostly cirrhotic HIV-hepatitis C genotype 1 (HCV-G1)-infected patients failing previous treatment with pegylated-interferon and ribavirin (PR). HCV-RNA less than 12 IU/ml was observed in 35.3% of patients at W2, 55.

Performance of rapid tests for detection of HBsAg and anti-HBsAb in a large cohort, France.

Background & Aims: The systematic use of rapid tests performed at points-of-care may facilitate hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening and substantially increase HBV infection awareness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of such tests for HBsAg and anti-HBsAb detection among individuals visiting a variety of healthcare centers located in a low HBV-prevalent area.

Methods: Three rapid tests for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) detection (VIKIA, Determine and Quick Profile) and one test for anti-hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBsAb) detection (Quick Profile) were evaluated in comparison to ELISA serology.

Spontaneous postpartum clearance of Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia in pregnant women, Benin.

The question of malaria in the postpartum period is controversial. Malaria was investigated during a randomized trial of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy in Benin. Women infected at delivery were tested for parasitemia in the early postpartum period; they had not received treatment unless they were symptomatic.

Pleural ultrasound compared with chest radiographic detection of pneumothorax resolution after drainage.

Background: Pleural ultrasonography (PU) is more sensitive than chest radiograph (CXR) for diagnosing pneumothorax and could be useful for detecting resolution of pneumothorax after drainage. The aim of this prospective double-blind observational study was to assess PU accuracy during pneumothorax follow-up after drainage.

Methods: All patients hospitalized with pneumothorax requiring drainage were eligible.

Intermittent treatment for the prevention of malaria during pregnancy in Benin: a randomized, open-label equivalence trial comparing sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine with mefloquine.

Background: In the context of the increasing resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), we evaluated the efficacy of mefloquine (MQ) for intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp).

Methods: A multicenter, open-label equivalence trial was conducted in Benin from July 2005 through April 2008. Women of all gravidities were randomized to receive SP (1500 mg of sulfadoxine and 75 mg of pyrimethamine) or 15 mg/kg MQ in a single intake twice during pregnancy.