Urinary tract infections in very premature neonates: the definition dilemma.

Background And Objectives: Data on urinary tract infections (UTIs) in very preterm neonates (VPTNs) are scarce. We aimed to (i) describe the characteristics of UTIs in VPTNs and (ii) compare the diagnostic practices of neonatal clinicians to established pediatric guidelines.

Methods: All VPTNs (<29 weeks GA) with a suspected UTI at the CHU Sainte-Justine neonatal intensive care unit from January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019, were included and divided into two definition categories: Possible UTI, and Definite UTI.

The holistic maternity care needs of women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A systematic review with thematic synthesis.

Problem: Models of care for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have evolved in an ad hoc way and do not meet women's needs.

Background: GDM affects 50,000 Australian women per annum with prevalence quadrupling in the last ten years. Many health services are struggling to provide a quality service.

Practice Summary of Antimicrobial Therapy for Commonly Encountered Conditions in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Canadian Perspective.

Neonates are highly susceptible to infections owing to their immature cellular and humoral immune functions, as well the need for invasive devices. There is a wide practice variation in the choice and duration of antimicrobial treatment, even for relatively common conditions in the NICU, attributed to the lack of evidence-based guidelines. Early decisive treatment with broad-spectrum antimicrobials is the preferred clinical choice for treating sick infants with possible bacterial infection.

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Background: The emergence of antibiotic resistance has contributed to the development of multidrug-resistant bacteria, which is a major concern.

Objectives: The primary objective was to explore the possible association between antibiotic use and the emergence of resistance in a mother-child university hospital.

Method: This retrospective study was conducted in a university hospital centre.

Using health information technology in residential aged care homes: An integrative review to identify service and quality outcomes.

Objective: To identify outcomes of using health information technologies to support direct resident care in residential aged care homes, for residents, staff and services.

Methods: In May 2022, a systematic search used CINAHL, Cochrane CRCT, MEDLINE, Proquest, PsychINFO and Scopus databases to locate papers published after 1990. Thematic analysis was used to synthesise extracted data.

Establishing Benchmarks for Antimicrobial Use in Canadian Children's Hospitals: Results From 2 National Point Prevalence Surveys.

Background: Point prevalence surveys (PPS) are potentially useful to measure antimicrobial use across institutions. The objectives of the study were to describe and compare antimicrobial use between pediatric hospitals in Canada.

Methods: Fifteen pediatric hospitals all with pediatric infectious diseases service participated in 2 single-day PPS in 2018/19.

Combined influence of practice guidelines and prospective audit and feedback stewardship on antimicrobial treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and empyema in children: 2012 to 2016.

Background: Aminopenicillins are recommended empiric therapy for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The aim of the study was to assess treatment over a 5-year period after CAP guideline publication and introduction of an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP).

Methods: Using ICD-10 discharge codes for pneumonia, children less than 18 years admitted to the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2016 were identified.

High-dose steroid and heparin: a novel therapy for cerebral vasculitis associated with presumed group A meningitis.

Cerebral vasculitis is a serious complication of bacterial meningitis that can cause significant morbidity and mortality due to stroke. Currently, there are no treatment guidelines or safety and efficacy studies on the management of cerebral vasculitis in this context. Herein, we report a case of a previously well 11-year-old girl who presented with acute otitis media that progressed to mastoiditis and fulminant meningitis.

Vancomycin drug monitoring in infants with CoNS sepsis-target attainment, microbiological response and nephrotoxicity.

Objectives: To characterize residual vancomycin concentrations (Cmin) and assess the relationships between Cmin, the risk of nephrotoxicity and persistent CoNS sepsis.

Methods: In this 5-year retrospective study among infants treated with vancomycin, the primary outcome was the proportion of those with a steady state Cmin between 10 and 20 mg/L. The secondary outcomes were nephrotoxicity and persistent CoNS sepsis.

Prevalence and predictors of restrictive interventions in a youth-specific mental health inpatient unit.

Introduction: The use of restrictive interventions is one of the most controversial practices in medicine. They are utilized in an inpatient setting to manage agitated or aggressive behaviour or to ensure that an individual receives the necessary treatments. However, restrictive interventions remove autonomy and adverse events can be associated with their practice.

Educating Mental Health Clinicians About Sensory Modulation to Enhance Clinical Practice in a Youth Acute Inpatient Mental Health Unit: A Feasibility Study.

There is an emergence of literature describing effective sensory modulation (SM) interventions to de-escalate violence and aggression among mental health inpatients. However, the evidence is limited to adult settings, with the effect of SM in youth acute settings unknown. Yet, before SM may be used as a de-escalation intervention in youth acute settings, multidisciplinary staff need to be educated about and supported in the clinical application of SM.

Synergistic combinations of the CCR5 inhibitor VCH-286 with other classes of HIV-1 inhibitors.

Here, we evaluated the in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity of the experimental CCR5 inhibitor VCH-286 as a single agent or in combination with various classes of HIV-1 inhibitors. Although VCH-286 used alone had highly inhibitory activity, paired combinations with different drug classes led to synergistic or additive interactions. However, combinations with other CCR5 inhibitors led to effects ranging from synergy to antagonism.

Carbapenem disks on MacConkey agar in screening methods for detection of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods in stools.

Direct plating of simulated stool specimens on MacConkey agar (MCA) with 10-μg ertapenem, meropenem, and imipenem disks allowed the establishment of optimal zone diameters for the screening of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods (CRGNR) of ≤ 24 mm (ertapenem), ≤ 34 mm (meropenem), and ≤ 32 mm (imipenem).