Fetal exposure to the maternal microbiota in humans and mice.

Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of microbial DNA in the fetal environment. However, it remains unclear whether this DNA represents viable bacteria and how it relates to the maternal microbiota across body sites. We studied the microbiota of human and mouse dyads to understand these relationships, localize bacteria in the fetus, and demonstrate bacterial viability.

Impact of disease-specific orientation on new graduate nurse satisfaction and knowledge retention.

Transition from student to novice nurse can be especially challenging, and a weak orientation can further complicate this difficult time for new graduate nurses. The neuroscience field is complex, and orientation can cause new nurses to lack a comprehensive understanding of their specialty, resulting in a task-focused approach to bedside care. Using a convenience sample and both qualitative and quantitative data, this study implements a disease-specific orientation track for new graduate nurses to spotlight the most common neurological diagnoses and disorders while concentrating on building an understanding of how to provide the best care possible to these patients.

Albuterol delivery from a metered-dose inhaler with spacer is reduced following short-duration manual ventilation in a neonatal ventilator-lung model.

Introduction: Albuterol aerosol is commonly administered to mechanically ventilated neonates via metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with spacer. The spacer increases the dead space in the ventilation circuit, and some institutions limit the amount of time the spacer remains in line, to minimize carbon dioxide retention and the risk of hypercarbia. However, minimizing the amount of time the spacer remains in line might also limit albuterol delivery to the patient.

A survey of albuterol administration practices in intubated patients in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Introduction: Aerosolized albuterol is commonly used in the treatment of neonatal respiratory illnesses. Clinical and in vitro studies have identified numerous factors that affect aerosol drug delivery during neonatal mechanical ventilation, including the choice of metered-dose inhaler (MDI) or nebulizer, the use of a holding chamber, time between actuations, the volume of nebulized solution, and the position and placement of the nebulizer or MDI. Because there is no consensus on the optimal method of administration, there is probably substantial variability among institutions in how aerosolized albuterol is administered to mechanically ventilated infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).