Bacteremia in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients.

Background: We aimed to determine the frequency of bacteremia, septic shock and bacterial meningitis in pediatric liver transplant recipients (pLTRs) in the outpatient setting and to identify clinical factors associated with bacteremia.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective study of pLTRs evaluated in the emergency department or outpatient clinic between 2010 and 2018 for suspected infection, defined as fever ≥38 °C or a blood culture obtained. We excluded patients with nontransplant immunodeficiency, multiorgan transplants or intestinal failure.

Urinary tract infections in children: Testing a novel, noninvasive, point-of-care diagnostic marker.

Objectives: Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) appears highly accurate to identify urinary tract infections (UTIs) when obtained via catheterization. Our primary aim was to determine the agreement in uNGAL levels between paired catheter and bag urine specimens. Our secondary aim was to compare the diagnostic test characteristics of quantitative uNGAL, dipstick uNGAL (a potential point-of-care test), and urinalysis (UA).

Novel Coronavirus Infection in Febrile Infants Aged 60 Days and Younger.

In this case series, we describe the clinical course and outcomes of 7 febrile infants aged ≤60 days with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. No infant had severe outcomes, including the need for mechanical ventilation or ICU level of care. Two infants had concurrent urinary tract infections, which were treated with antibiotics.

Interobserver Agreement in the Assessment of Clinical Findings in Children with Headaches.

Objective: To determine the interobserver agreement of history and physical examination findings in children undergoing evaluation in the emergency department (ED) for headaches.

Study Design: We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study of children aged 2-17 years evaluated at 3 tertiary-care pediatric EDs for non-traumatic headaches. Two clinicians independently completed a standardized assessment of each child and documented the presence or absence of history and physical examination variables.

Red flag findings in children with headaches: Prevalence and association with emergency department neuroimaging.

Background: Clinicians appear to obtain emergent neuroimaging for children with headaches based on the presence of red flag findings. However, little data exists regarding the prevalence of these findings in emergency department populations, and whether the identification of red flag findings is associated with potentially unnecessary emergency department neuroimaging.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence of red flag findings and their association with neuroimaging in otherwise healthy children presenting with headaches to the emergency department.