Preterm birth and subsequent intelligence and academic performance in youth: A cohort study.

Introduction: Worldwide, more children than before survive preterm birth. Preterm birth can affect long-term cognitive outcomes. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between preterm birth and academic performance and intelligence in youth.

Association of Apgar score at 5 minutes with academic performance and intelligence in youth: A cohort study.

Introduction: The Apgar score is routinely given at childbirth worldwide. A low Apgar score at 5 minutes is a strong predictor for neonatal death. Scores below 7 have been associated with higher risks of later neurologic disability.

Impact of gestational age on child intelligence, attention and executive function at age 5: a cohort study.

Objectives: Preterm birth can affect cognition, but other factors including parental education and intelligence may also play a role, but few studies have adjusted for these potential confounders. We aimed to assess the impact of gestational age (GA), late preterm birth (34 to <37 weeks GA) and very to moderately preterm birth (<34 weeks GA) on intelligence, attention and executive function in a population of Danish children aged 5 years.

Design: Population-based prospective cohort study.