Wear of various restorative materials against 5Y-ZP zirconia.

Statement Of Problem: The ceramic 5-mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (5Y-ZP) has been developed for dental use in the esthetic zone with greater translucency than 3-mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (3Y-ZP). However, studies on the wear behavior of 5Y-ZP zirconia against clinically relevant antagonist materials are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the wear behavior of 5Y-ZP zirconia against the antagonists 5Y-ZP zirconia, lithium disilicate, palladium alloy, and human enamel.

Wear Behavior of Different Generations of Zirconia: Present Literature.

Objective: The wear behavior of the novel zirconia generation is less well understood and may be affected by compositional modifications compared to the conventional zirconia.

Materials And Methods: Combinations of keywords such as "zirconia," "high translucent," and "wear" were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar databases up to May 2021. The total of 23 relevant articles was selected according to inclusion criteria.

Tranexamic acid-loaded hemostatic nanoclay microsphere frameworks.

Fast acting topical hemostatic agents play a key role in hemorrhage control. Retarding fibrinolysis is also critical in improving coagulation, thereby expanding chances of survival. The purpose of the present work was to investigate the physical properties, loading capacity and hemostatic efficacy of newly developed nanoclay microsphere frameworks (NMFs) loaded with tranexamic acid (TA), as antifibrinolytic agent.

A national window on critical thinking by dental educators following an ADEA webinar.

Purpose: Critical thinking is an essential skill for the dentist, yet little has surfaced to define the outcome, guide learning, and assess performance. On June 16, 2020, the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) sponsored a 1-hour webinar on Critical thinking with 600 attendees. To report input from a national cohort of dental educators responding to a model for critical thinking guidance.

Student performance comparisons for a critical thinking skill set (technology decision-making) for classroom and remote (Zoom) facilitation.

A comparison of student learning in a critical thinking exercise for technology decision-making occurred with the onset of coronavirus and the switch from face-to-face to distance with Zoom. Literature on explicit critical thinking skill sets is scant in any format, including distance learning. While face-to-face and Zoom have similarities, seizing this opportunity for comparison can set the stage to determine soundness of distance learning in critical thinking on a preliminary basis.

Crystalline phase evolution and thermal behavior of zirconia-lanthanum aluminate ceramics produced by surface modification.

The purpose of the present work was to investigate the effect doping with lanthanum aluminate on the phase assemblage and thermal behavior of zirconia ceramics for biomedical applications. Four compositions were prepared by a surface modification route of either conventional tetragonal zirconia (3Y-TZP) or high translucency cubic-based zirconia (5Y-PSZ) to reach a nominal composition of either 0.5 wt.

Effect of crystalline phase assemblage on reliability of 3Y-TZP.

Statement Of Problem: Strengthening mechanisms of zirconia ceramics stabilized with 3 mol% yttria (3Y-TZP) are complex and dictated by the crystalline phase assemblage. Although their clinical performance for dental restorations has been excellent, there is evidence that framework fractures do occur and have been underreported. Meanwhile, the relationship between phase assemblage and reliability of 3Y-TZP is not properly understood.

Antimicrobial efficacy of platinum-doped silver nanoparticles.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been proposed to combat oral infection due to their efficient ionic silver (Ag ) release. However, concentrations required for antimicrobial efficacy may not be therapeutically viable. In this work, platinum-doped silver nanoparticles (Pt-AgNPs) were explored to evaluate their potential for enhanced Ag release, which could lead to enhanced antimicrobial efficacy against S.

Two critical thinking models-probing questions and conceptualization-adding 4 skillsets to the teacher's armamentarium.

Critical thinking is ubiquitous in patient care. One track for critical thinking develops skillsets emulating the thought process of the master clinician using probing questions and has been offered in treatment planning, literature search, and critique, risk assessment in caries and geriatrics, technology decision-making, EBD, and IPP. This paper offers 2 additional critical thinking skillsets following this emulation model in social work and ethics.

Comparison of the Accuracy of Implant Position Using Surgical Guides Fabricated by Additive and Subtractive Techniques.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of implant position using surgical guides fabricated by additive and subtractive techniques.

Materials And Methods: A partially edentulous standardized mandibular implant model with different bone densities and soft tissue was duplicated and a diagnostic wax-up was performed for the #30 area. A reference radiographic guide was fabricated and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was made with the reference radiographic guide in place.

Enhancing Student Learning in Removable Partial Denture Design by Using Virtual Three-Dimensional Models Versus Traditional Two-Dimensional Drawings: A Comparative Study.

Purpose: To compare the use of virtual 3D casts as an alternative to paper-based exercises in preclinical removable partial denture (RPD) design in terms of student outcomes (as evidenced by exercise evaluation scores), as well as student attitudes related to the 2 formats. The first hypothesis of this study is that virtual 3D digital models in the exercise will result in better student outcomes as evidenced by the final exercise score compared to the 2D drawings. The second hypothesis is that virtual 3D digital models in the exercise will result in greater student acceptance compared to the 2D drawings.

The Use of 3D Printed Tooth Preparation to Assist in Teaching and Learning in Preclinical Fixed Prosthodontics Courses.

Tooth preparation for fixed dental prostheses is not an easy procedure to understand spatially, especially for first-year dental students. This technical report describes an innovative technique for assisting learning in preclinical fixed prosthodontics courses. Ideal full-contour tooth preparations are digitally scanned and 3D printed to the exact specifications of the ideal preparation.

Strontium-releasing fluorapatite glass-ceramic scaffolds: Structural characterization and in vivo performance.

Unlabelled: There is increasing interest in biodegradable ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering capable of in situ delivery of ionic species favoring bone formation. Strontium has been shown to be osteogenic, but strontium-containing drugs such as strontium ranelate, used in Europe for the treatment of osteoporosis, are now restricted due to clinical evidence of systemic effects. By doping fluorapatite-based glasses with strontium, we developed ceramic scaffolds with fully interconnected macroporosity and cell size similar to that of cancellous bone, that are also capable of releasing strontium.

Effect of Surface Modification on In-Depth Transformations and Flexural Strength of Zirconia Ceramics.

Purpose: Chairside surface adjustments of zirconia dental restorations enhance the toughening stress-induced tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation and domain reorientation by ferro-elastic domain switching (FDS), but also trigger subsurface damage, which could compromise long-term clinical performance. The purpose of this study was to assess the depth of phase transformation, associated FDS, and flexural strength of dental zirconia (BruxZir HT 2.0), after chairside surface treatments.

Critical Thinking Theory to Practice: Using the Expert's Thought Process as Guide for Learning and Assessment.

Critical thinking skills are essential for the successful dentist, yet few explicit skillsets in critical thinking have been developed and published in peer-reviewed literature. The aims of this article are to 1) offer an assessable critical thinking teaching model with the expert's thought process as the outcome, learning guide, and assessment instrument and 2) offer three critical thinking skillsets following this model: for geriatric risk assessment, technology decision making, and situation analysis/reflections. For the objective component, the student demonstrates delivery of each step in the thought process.

Strontium-releasing fluorapatite glass-ceramics: Crystallization behavior, microstructure, and solubility.

The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of strontium partial replacement for calcium on the crystallization behavior, microstructure and solubility of fluorapatite glass-ceramics. Four glass compositions were prepared with increasing amounts of strontium partially replacing calcium. The crystallization behavior was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Rapid vacuum sintering: A novel technique for fabricating fluorapatite ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Macroporous bioceramic scaffolds are often fabricated via the foam replica technique, based on polymeric foam impregnation with a glass slurry, followed by slow heat treatment to allow for drying, polymeric burnout, and sintering of the glass particles. As a consequence, the process is time consuming and complicated by concurrent crystallization of the glass, often leading to incomplete sintering. Our goal was to investigate the effect of heating rate on sintering behavior, architecture, and mechanical properties of fluorapatite-based glass and glass-ceramic scaffolds.

Anteroposterior Spread and Cantilever Length in Mandibular Metal-Resin Implant-Fixed Complete Dental Prostheses: A 7- to 9-Year Analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationship of specific prosthetic complications in patients with a maxillary complete removable dental prosthesis (CRDP) opposing a mandibular metal-resin implant-fixed complete dental prosthesis (MRIFCDP) with respect to anteroposterior (AP) spread and cantilever length.

Materials And Methods: Of the 46 patients contacted for this study, 23 patients responded. All patients had been treated with a maxillary CRDP and a mandibular MRIFCDP.

Internal fit of pressed and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing ceramic crowns made from digital and conventional impressions.

Statement Of Problem: No studies have evaluated the internal adaptation of pressed and milled ceramic crowns made from digital impressions.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the internal fit of pressed and milled ceramic crowns made from digital and conventional impressions.

Material And Methods: Thirty polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impressions and 30 Lava COS impressions made of a prepared dentoform tooth (master die) were fabricated.

3D and 2D marginal fit of pressed and CAD/CAM lithium disilicate crowns made from digital and conventional impressions.

Purpose: This in vitro study evaluated the 3D and 2D marginal fit of pressed and computer-aided-designed/computer-aided-manufactured (CAD/CAM) all-ceramic crowns made from digital and conventional impressions.

Materials And Methods: A dentoform tooth (#30) was prepared for an all-ceramic crown (master die). Thirty type IV definitive casts were made from 30 polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impressions.

Low temperature sintering of fluorapatite glass-ceramics.

Fluorapatite glass-ceramics have been shown to be excellent candidates as scaffold materials for bone grafts, however, scaffold production by sintering is hindered by concurrent crystallization of the glass. Objective, our goal was to investigate the effect of Ca/Al ratio on the sintering behavior of Nb-doped fluorapatite-based glasses in the SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5-MgO-Na2O-K2O-CaO-CaF2 system. Methods, glass compositions with Ca/Al ratio of 1 (A), 2 (B), 4 (C) and 19 (D) were prepared by twice melting at 1525°C for 3h.

Differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on niobium-doped fluorapatite glass-ceramics.

Objective: Our goal was to characterize the response of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to a niobium-doped fluorapatite-based glass-ceramic (FAp).

Methods: The glass was prepared by twice melting at 1525 °C for 3 h, and cast into cylindrical ingots later sectioned into discs and heat-treated to promote crystallization of fluorapatite submicrometer crystals. Tissue culture polystyrene (TCP) was used as control.

Conversion of a partial removable dental prosthesis from Kennedy class II to class III using a dental implant and semiprecision attachments.

This article presents a design to convert a partial removable dental prosthesis (PRDP) from Kennedy class II to class III using a dental implant. Incorporating semiprecision attachments, this design provides desired esthetics, phonetics, and function.

The effect of metal recasting on porcelain-metal bonding: a force-to-failure study.

Statement Of Problem: Noble dental alloys are commonly remelted in the dental laboratory, but the effect of repeated casting on porcelain bond strength requires further documentation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if casting up to 3 times affected metal ceramic bond strength for 3 noble alloys using methodology in ANSI/ADA Specification No. 38.

Prosthetic complications in mandibular metal-resin implant-fixed complete dental prostheses: a 5- to 9-year analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prosthetic complications of patients with a maxillary complete removable dental prosthesis opposing a mandibular metal-resin implant fixed complete dental prosthesis.

Materials And Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis of an ongoing prospective study. Dental records from 46 patients treated with a maxillary complete removable dental prosthesis and a mandibular metal-resin implant-fixed complete dental prosthesis were reviewed for 15 different prosthetic complications.