Publications by authors named "Julie A Gilg"
Background: There is a wide variation in home dialysis use (peritoneal dialysis and home haemodialysis) between renal centres. This study identifies which centre characteristics and practice patterns are associated with home dialysis use.
Methods: An observational study of all UK patients starting renal replacement therapy (RRT) in 2007-2008 using patient characteristics from the UK Renal Registry (UKRR) and renal centre characteristics ascertained from a national survey.
Background: Variation in end-stage renal disease treatment rates in the UK persist after adjustment for socio-demographic factors.
Methods: UK-wide ecological study using population socio-demographic factors, health status characteristics and access to health services factor in to explain the incidence of renal replacement therapy (RRT).
Results: There was a 6% higher incidence rate of RRT per standard deviation (SD) increase in area diabetes prevalence after adjustment for area level socio-economic deprivation status and the proportion of non-white residents [incidence rate ratio adjusted (IRR adjusted) 1.
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate in non-hypertensive children following renal transplantation (TX) the rates and determinants of transition to hypertension.
Methods: Retrospective case note review of all current paediatric kidney transplant patients in the UK. At baseline (6 months following TX), all included subjects were non-hypertensive with systolic and/or diastolic clinic blood pressure (BP) ≤95th percentile while on no anti-hypertensive therapy.
Background: Although previous comparisons have shown differences in biochemical and haematological variables between patients on haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis and those with functioning transplants, these could be due to case mix rather than being due to differences in the types of renal replacement therapy (RRT). The longitudinal follow-up of individual patients after the change in modality has not hitherto been described.
Methods: From the UK Renal Registry (UKRR) database of patients receiving RRT between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2004, we identified two cohorts: 2033 patients who had been on either haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) for at least a year and who subsequently underwent transplantation and then survived at least a year (PD + HD to Tp); and 892 patients who had been on PD for at least a year who changed to HD and then survived at least a year (PD to HD).
Objectives: Recent studies suggest an association between a microsatellite locus (TH01) located in intron 1 of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene (TH) and nicotine dependence. We aimed here to study whether both TH01 and haplotypes of the wider IGF2-INS-TH region influence initiation of regular smoking in current smokers.
Methods: A total of 3637 individuals from three independent studies (two of adults and one of adolescents) were analysed in relation to the age of first regular smoking (AFRS).
Objectives: Smoking is a major cause of death and often initiates in adolescence. Mutations in CYP2A6 slow metabolism of nicotine to cotinine. Haploinsufficiency in adults is associated with lower cigarette consumption, lower cotinine level and higher quit rates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To examine the associations between a biomarker of overall passive exposure to tobacco smoke (serum cotinine concentration) and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke.
Design: Prospective population based study in general practice (the British regional heart study).
Participants: 4729 men in 18 towns who provided baseline blood samples (for cotinine assay) and a detailed smoking history in 1978-80.
Objective: To determine whether breast feeding in infancy compared with bottle feeding formula milk is associated with lower mean blood pressure at different ages.
Design: Systematic review.
Data Sources: Embase, Medline, and Web of Science databases.
Objective: To examine the relationship between birth weight and blood total cholesterol (TC) and to compare its strength with that of the relationship between current body mass index and TC.
Methods: 1). Cross-sectional study of adolescents, with retrospective ascertainment of birth weight from birth records or parental recall; 2).
Objective: To examine the influence of infant feeding method on serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of 13- to 16-year-olds and a systematic review of studies (all observational) on the effects of infant feeding on cholesterol in infancy (<1 year), childhood or adolescence (1-16 years), and adulthood (> or =17 years) were conducted using random effects models. Differences are presented as breastfed-bottle-fed.
Objectives: To examine whether British South Asian children differ in insulin resistance, adiposity, and cardiovascular risk profile from white children.
Design: Cross sectional study.
Setting: Primary schools in 10 British towns.