Condom use and vaginal Y-chromosome detection: the specificity of a potential biomarker.

Objective: Detection of vaginal Y-chromosome sequences (YCS) may be a useful biomarker to validate sexual behavior reporting in women. We describe the effects of condom use on the detection of vaginal YCS.

Methods: Fifty-six women were asked to abstain from sexual intercourse for 14 days.

Fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae: the inevitable epidemic.

The worldwide incidence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae has increased dramatically in the last few years. Single doses of fluoroquinolones can no longer be used to treat N gonorrhoeae infections acquired in the Far East, parts of the Middle East, the Pacific Islands, and parts of Western Europe and the United States. Although California and Hawaii account for most of the current United States cases, the increased incidence of FQR in some high-risk groups independent of geography heralds an imminent spread of drug-resistant strains throughout the rest of the population.

Quinolone resistance-determining region mutations and por type of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates: resistance surveillance and typing by molecular methodologies.

Quinolone resistance is increasing rapidly in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and is a significant public health problem that requires ongoing surveillance. To examine the feasibility of molecular surveillance of quinolone resistance, and to further characterize an outbreak of resistant N. gonorrhoeae in Israel, the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) sequences and the por types of 80 N.