Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America - Diagnosis: Latin America and the Caribbean Consensus 2024.

This is a new version of the LAOHA Consensus on Periodontal Disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Five years after the first version, knowledge has increased, and diagnosis of periodontal disease has evolved. Of especial interest relative to this topic has been the emergence of studies that have used the AAP/EFP Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions since it is the core (?)of the art of diagnosis in preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Efficacy and safety of a 0.05 % nanoencapsulated imiquimod hydrogel for the treatment of actinic cheilitis: Drug release analysis and clinical study.

Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a lip disorder, with no standard treatment. Imiquimod (IMIQ) is an immunomodulator that treat precancerous lesions; however, its commercial form causes severe adverse effects. This study aimed to assess IMQ release from a chitosan hydrogel containing 0.

Selective outcome reporting bias is highly prevalent in randomized clinical trials of nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Selective outcome reporting (SOR) is a type of bias that can compromise the validity of results and affect evidence-based practice. SOR can overestimate the effect of an intervention and lead to conclusions that a treatment is effective when it is not. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SOR in publications of RCTs on nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) and to verify associated factors.

Effects of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammatory markers and metabolic profile in obese and non-obese rats.

Background: Little is known about a synergistic effect of periodontitis and obesity on systemic biomarkers and a possible effect periodontal treatment may exert. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammation and metabolic profile in obese and non-obese rats.

Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided in six groups differentiated by diet and periodontal status: no periodontitis (G1 and G4), untreated ligature-induced periodontitis (G2 and G5), and treated ligature-induced periodontitis (G3 and G6).

Virucidal efficacy of chlorhexidine: a systematic review.

This study aimed to systematically review the literature about the virucidal efficacy of CHX in comparison to other substances used in the oral cavity. Electronic searches were performed in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science). Only studies that presented the following characteristics were included: (1) verified virucidal efficacy of CHX against Herpes Simplex Type-1 (HSV-1), any Influenza, or any human coronavirus (HcoV); and (2) compared the virucidal efficacy of CHX with essential oils (Listerine), quaternary ammonium compounds, povidone-iodine, hydrogen peroxide, negative control substance, and absence of therapy.

Management of excessive gingival display using botulinum toxin type A: a descriptive study.

Botulinum toxin is a protease used by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum that causes chemical denervation of skeletal muscles, producing a temporary weakening of muscle activity. Despite having a transitory effect, the application of botulinum toxin has been identified as an alternative for correcting an excessive gingival display (EGD). However, studies evaluating the maintenance of long-term results of botulinum toxin remain scarce.

Sun protection as a protective factor for actinic cheilitis: Cross-sectional population-based study.

Objective: To determine whether sun protection is associated with lower occurrence of actinic cheilitis in adults living in a city from southern Brazil.

Materials And Methods: A multi-stage proportional sample of 404 individuals 18 years and older was obtained. Interviews and clinical examinations were conducted in participants' households.

Efficacy of two soft-bristle toothbrushes in plaque removal. A randomized controlled trial.

The aim of the present examiner-blind randomized controlled clinical study was to compare the efficacy two soft-bristle toothbrushes in terms of plaque removal. Seventy volunteers were randomly allocated to Group A (tapered-tip toothbrush) or Group B (end-rounded toothbrush). At baseline appointment (Day 0), volunteers underwent plaque examination using the Improved Plaque Identification Index.

Antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of cetylpyridinium chloride with zinc lactate compared with essential oil mouthrinses: Randomized clinical trial.

Background: The authors of this study aimed to evaluate the clinical antiplaque and antigingivitis effects of 3 oral hygiene regimens: toothbrushing with standard fluoride toothpaste and manual toothbrush and using a mouthrinse containing cetylpyridinium chloride, zinc lactate, and fluoride (CPC + Zn + F) in an alcohol-free base; toothbrushing with standard fluoride toothpaste and manual toothbrush and using a mouthrinse containing essential oils (EO) in an alcohol-free base; and toothbrushing with manual toothbrush and standard fluoride toothpaste and manual toothbrush (control).

Methods: The participants (N = 120) were randomly assigned to study groups and followed the assigned regimens twice daily for 6 weeks. The participants were examined by a calibrated examiner for the Quigley-Hein plaque index (Turesky modification) and Löe-Silness gingival index at baseline, week 4, and week 6.

A Systematic Review of the Effect of Oral Rinsing with HO on Clinical and Microbiological Parameters Related to Plaque, Gingivitis, and Microbes.

Background: Hydrogen peroxide (HO) has been used for more than a century clinically to control plaque and gingival inflammation, with unclear supporting evidence.

Aim: The aim of the present systematic review of the literature is to assess the effect of mouth rinses with HO on dental plaque, gingival inflammation, and oral microorganisms.

Methods: Five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) were searched with the following focused question: what is the effect of hydrogen peroxide, in comparison to chlorhexidine or to a placebo solution, in oral microbiota control, dental plaque, and gingival inflammatory outcomes? Two independent examiners retrieved the articles and evaluated the evidence.

Oral, dental, and craniofacial features in chronic acid sphingomyelinase deficiency.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral, dental, and craniofacial features of individuals affected by the chronic forms of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD). This study comprised a sample of adult and pediatric patients (n = 8) with chronic ASMD. The individuals underwent oral examinations to evaluate the occurrence of caries, as well as full-mouth periodontal examinations, to assess the occurrence and severity of periodontal diseases.

Efficacy of ozonated water mouthwash on early plaque formation and gingival inflammation: a randomized controlled crossover clinical trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of ozonated water in early plaque formation and gingival inflammation.

Materials And Methods: This was a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical trial with two experimental periods of 96 h each, with 10 washout days between them. The sample consisted of 42 dental students divided into Test Group, mouthwash of ozonated water, and Control Group, bidistilled water mouthwash.

Effect of Obesity and/or Ligature-induced Periodontitis on Aortic Wall Thickness in Wistar Rats.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate aortic wall thickness after periodontal disease and/or obesity induction in a Wistar rat model.Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (CT), periodontal disease (PD), obesity (OB), and obesity plus periodontal disease (OB+PD). Groups OB and OB+PD received cafeteria diet for 17 weeks.

Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America: LAOHA Consensus Meeting Report.

Periodontal diseases are considered a worldwide public health problem, owing to their high prevalence in developed and developing countries. Periodontitis may lead to tooth loss, which can impact oral health-related quality of life. Gingivitis and periodontitis have been extensively studied regarding their etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention and treatment outcomes.

Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Section IV: Diagnosis.

The art of diagnosis is of great importance in the management of any disease. This includes preventive and therapeutic strategies. To make an accurate and effective diagnosis, knowledge about the health-disease process is fundamental.

Association between severe periodontitis and chronic kidney disease severity in predialytic patients: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between periodontitis and different severities of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in predialytic patients.

Materials And Methods: Demographic, socioeconomic, and medical data of 139 patients from the nephrology service of one university hospital in Porto Alegre, Brazil, were obtained through interview and clinical records. Full-mouth six-sites per tooth periodontal examinations were performed.

Effect of red wine and its major components on periodontitis and systemic inflammation in rats.

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of red wine exposure, alcohol, grape juice and resveratrol in the occurrence of spontaneous and ligature induced periodontitis as well as CRP, TNFα and IL-6 levels in Wistar rats.

Methodology: 50 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups (Control, Red Wine, Grape Juice, 12% Alcohol and 0.05mg/mL Resveratrol).

Effect of adjuvant use of metformin on periodontal treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of the study was to perform a systematic review of the literature regarding the adjuvant effects of metformin on the results of mechanical periodontal treatment.

Methods: First, a search on the PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases was performed up to March 2018. Randomized clinical trials with at least 3 months of follow-up and using metformin associated with mechanical periodontal treatment were included in the review.

The effect of periodontal therapy on oxidative stress biomarkers: A systematic review.

Aim: To systematically review the literature about the effect of periodontal treatment on oxidative stress (OxS) biomarkers.

Material And Methods: Three databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus) were searched up to February 2018. Clinical trials with a follow-up of at least 6 weeks after mechanical periodontal treatment were included.

Body fat rather than body mass index is associated with gingivitis - A southern Brazilian cross-sectional study.

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and body fat with gingivitis in 613 adults of Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Methods: Individuals with at least four teeth were included in this study. They were identified through a multi-stage probability sampling, considering the city distribution of sex and age.

The effect of statins on periodontal treatment-a systematic review with meta-analyses and meta-regression.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review clinical trials about the effect of statins as adjunct to mechanical periodontal therapy, on probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and intrabony defects, in comparison to mechanical periodontal therapy alone or in association with placebo.

Material And Methods: Three databases were searched for controlled clinical trials that used any locally delivered or systemically statin as a sole adjunctive therapy to mechanical periodontal treatment. Weighted mean differences between baseline and 6 months after periodontal treatment for clinical attachment level (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and intrabony defect (IBD) were calculated.

Methodological aspects in the study of periodontal breakdown in rats: influence of the presence and time of ligature.

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of different times on alveolar bone loss (ABL) and whether the presence of ligature on one side affects ABL on the contralateral site. This is a secondary analysis of databases from studies conducted at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Included studies used ligature-induced periodontal disease in rats.

Efficacy of two mouthwashes with cetylpyridinium chloride: a controlled randomized clinical trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis effects of two mouthwashes containing cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), in comparison to negative control mouthwash. One hundred and twenty subjects were randomly assigned to study groups: test (0.075% CPC and 0.

Efficacy of two soft-bristle toothbrushes in plaque removal: a randomized controlled trial.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy in supragingival plaque removal of two soft-bristle toothbrushes. Seventy volunteers were allocated randomly to the Colgate Slim Soft or Curaprox CS5460 toothbrush grourps. At baseline appointment, volunteers underwent plaque examination using the Rustogi Modification of the Navy Plaque Index.

Essential oils-containing mouthwashes for gingivitis and plaque: Meta-analyses and meta-regression.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of EO as adjuncts to mechanical plaque control (MPC) on the reduction of plaque and gingivitis when compared to placebo or cetylpyridium chloride (CPC).

Data: Randomized controlled trials of at least 6 months of follow-up including systemically healthy individuals with gingivitis were included.

Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Lilacs and SCOPUS were searched up to April 2016.