Effect of Comorbidities on the Incidence of Surgical Site Infection in Patients Undergoing Emergency Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a significant concern in patients undergoing emergency surgery, particularly in those with underlying comorbidities. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, pulmonary disease, cardiac disease, liver disease, and renal disease, on the incidence of SSI in patients undergoing emergency surgery.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature search across electronic databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, and Google Scholar to identify studies examining the effect of comorbidities on the incidence of SSI in patients undergoing emergency surgery.

Efficacy of metamizole to prevent kidney injury after renal-ischaemic reperfusion injury in Wistar rats.

Background: Renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) is a common kidney procedure complication due to temporary blood flow interruption, leading to kidney injuries. This study aimed to analyze the effect of metamizole on the levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18), neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and histopathological changes in rats with RIRI.

Materials And Methods: Animal pre-clinical design study was used.

Educational Model and Prevention on Prediabetes: A Systematic Review.

Background: Prediabetes is a reversible condition before the onset of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Untreated condition of prediabetes will develop into diabetes and its complications. The prevalence of prediabetes has been emerging worldwide and has a considerable socioeconomic impact.

Citizens' perception of and willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination in Medan. Indonesia.

One of the efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic is through vaccination, which is targeted to build immunity and prevent severe disease and finally to control transmission. This study aimed to analyze the perception of and the willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among citizens of Medan. This research is an analytic study with a cross-sectional research design.

Effect of Moderate Intensity Continuous Training and Slow Type Interval Training to Gene Expression of TGF-β in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Model Wistar Rats.

Background: Physical exercise is a process of increasing contraction of skeletal muscles involving several organ systems to increase energy formation and it is one of the pillars for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (TDM2). T2DM affects the expression of the TGF-β gene.

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of moderate intensity continuous training and slow interval training in expression of TGF-β gene in wistar rats T2DM model.

Factors associated with time of diagnosis and habilitation of congenital hearing loss in Indonesia: A multicenter study.

Objectives: To investigate factors associated with time of diagnosis and habilitation of congenital hearing loss in Indonesia.

Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January to December 2020 by collecting data on patients with congenital hearing loss using validated questionnaires.

Result: Among 535 children with congenital hearing loss, 2.

Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin on the Prevention of Oxidative Damage to the Cochlea in an Ototoxic Rat Model Based on Malondialdehyde Expression.

 Aminoglycoside, as an antimicrobial medication, also has side-effects on the inner ears, bringing about hearing disorders. Curcumin has been proven to be a strong scavenger against various reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the increase in ROS production is considered to play an important role in the process of hearing disorder.  To prove that curcumin is an effective antioxidant to prevent cochlear damage based on malondialdehyde (MDA) expression.

Early detection of macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus in Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia: A cross-sectional study.

Macrovascular complications occur very frequently in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with a high mortality rate, due to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as stroke, atherosclerosis acceleration, and atrial fibrillation. T2DM is a significant risk factor for CVD and has become the leading cause of death. The purpose of this study was to detect the early risk of macrovascular complications by using the ankle brachial index (ABI) as a marker.

Cataracts Risk Factors and Comparison of Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients towards the Occurrence of Cataracts.

Background: Cataracts are a multifactorial systemic disease that causes opacity of the optical lens. One aetiology of cataracts is chronic hyperglycemia, usually caused by uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

Aim: The objective of this study is to identify risk factors of cataracts and to analyse if there is a significant difference in blood glucose values between diabetic patients with cataracts and non-diabetic patients with cataracts.

Nutrition Status Related to Clinical Improvement in AFB-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Primary Health Centres in Medan, Indonesia.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public issue in Indonesia, including in North Sumatra province. Despite reported good efficacy of TB treatment in the region, the success of treatment depends on many factors, including nutritional status.

Aim: To determine the relationship between Body Mass Index and Albumin level with sputum conversion in AFB-positive pulmonary TB patients.

Curcumin Reduces the Noise-Exposed Cochlear Fibroblasts Apoptosis.

 The structural changes underlying permanent noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) include loss of the sensory hair cells, damage to their stereocilia, and supporting tissues within the cochlear lateral wall.  The objective of this study is to demonstrate curcumin as a safe and effective therapeutic agent in the prevention and treatment for fibroblasts damage within the cochlear supporting tissues and lateral wall through cell death pathway.  We divided 24 Rattus norvegicus into 4 groups, Group 1: control; Group 2: noise (+); Group 3: noise (+), 50 mg/day curcumin (+); Group 4: noise (+), 100 mg/day curcumin (+).