Combining functional exercises with exercise training in COPD: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Increasing physical activity in daily life (PADL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), mainly in short-term training programs, is still a challenge. The combination of functional exercises with aerobic and resistance training may be a strategy to improve PADL and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) in COPD.

Objective: To evaluated the short- and medium-term effects of the combination of functional exercises with aerobic and resistance training.

Satisfaction and Adherence of COPD Patients to a Conventional Training Associated with Functional Exercises and to a Conventional Training Isolated: A Qualiquantitative Study.

Purpose: To verify, through quali-quantitative analysis, the satisfaction and adherence of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) to the insertion of functional circuit training into conventional training.

Patients And Methods: 23 patients with COPD from a randomized clinical trial were invited to participate in a quali-quantitative analysis after the training finalization, divided into FTG (Functional Training Group) and CTG (Conventional Training Group). A total of 21 patients participated [(FTG: n=10; 65.

Effect of physical training on cytokine expression in CD4+ T lymphocytes in subjects with stable COPD.

Introduction: Although evidence suggests that physical exercise reduces systemic inflammation, at the plasma level, there are still contradictions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this sense, analysis of intracellular cytokines could clear off the effect of physical exercise on the inflammatory profile of these subjects.

Aim: The aim was to evaluate the effect of physical training on cytokine expression in CD4+ T lymphocytes from subjects with COPD.

Exercise as a Peripheral Circadian Clock Resynchronizer in Vascular and Skeletal Muscle Aging.

Aging is characterized by several progressive physiological changes, including changes in the circadian rhythm. Circadian rhythms influence behavior, physiology, and metabolic processes in order to maintain homeostasis; they also influence the function of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and immune cells in the vessel wall. A clock misalignment could favor vascular damage and indirectly also affect skeletal muscle function.

Mucociliary Clearance of Different Respiratory Conditions: A Clinical Study.

 Mucociliary clearance (MCC) is the first line of defense of the pulmonary system. Mucociliary clearance impairment may lead to increased risk of respiratory infections, lung injury, pulmonary repair problems, chronic dysfunctions and progression of respiratory diseases.  To characterize the MCC of active and passive smokers and individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and compare the MCC behaviors between men and women of different age groups.

Systemic Cytokine Profiles of CD4+ T Lymphocytes Correlate with Clinical Features and Functional Status in Stable COPD.

Aims: To evaluate the expressions of intracellular cytokines in CD4+ T lymphocytes and to investigate the correlation between biomarker expressions and clinical and functional characteristics of stable COPD patients.

Patients And Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from 36 COPD patients, and the expression of cytokines (IL-8, IL-13, IL-17, IL-6, IL-2, IL-10, and TNF-α) in T lymphocytes CD4 + was investigated. In addition, lung function, dyspnea symptoms, quality of life, vital signs, body composition, level of physical activity, peripheral muscle strength, and functional capacity were assessed.

Body image in COPD and its relation with physical activity levels, lung function and body composition: An observational study.

Introduction: Body image has been previously defined as the mental figure we have of the contours and shape of our body; and the feelings concerning these characteristics. A change in body perception can influence one's feelings of self-worth and compromise functional abilities. Thus, the detection of distortions in body image could be important data for clinical evaluation of subjects with COPD.

Elastic Resistance Training Produces Benefits Similar to Conventional Resistance Training in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of elastic resistance training on improving muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and dyspnea in people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: For this systematic review, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase (OVID), PEDro, SciELO, and CINAHL were searched from inception to November 2019. Included studies were randomized clinical trials in which people with stable COPD were allocated to (1) an experimental group that received lower-limb resistance training, upper-limb resistance training, or both using elastic resistance; or (2) a control group that received no or sham resistance training or conventional resistance training using weight machines.

Resistance training using different elastic components offers similar gains on muscle strength to weight machine equipment in Individuals with COPD: A randomized controlled trial.

: To compare the effects of three modalities of resistance training, two using elastic components and one using conventional weight machine on peripheral muscle strength in Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Effects on exercise capacity, impact of disease on health status, body composition and daily level of physical activity were investigated as secondary endpoints.: Forty-eight participants were randomly allocated (Trials Registry #RBR-6V9SJJ) into Elastic band group (Theraband®) (EBG), Elastic tubes training using Lemgruber® (ETG), and Conventional training with weight machine equipment (CG).

Effects of combining functional exercises with exercise training on daily physical activities and functionality in patients with COPD: a protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Functional training has been shown to be a viable alternative for the elderly and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, whether the combination of this type of training with aerobic and resistance training, commonly performed in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs, induces more pronounced effects on daily physical activities and functionality remains unclear. The aims of the study will be to evaluate the short-term and sustained effects of the combination of a functional circuit program with a training program consisting of aerobic and resistance exercise.

Particularities and Clinical Applicability of Saccharin Transit Time Test.

 The importance of mucociliary clearance (MCC) for the respiratory system homeostasis is clear. Therefore, evaluating this defense mechanism is fundamental in scientific research and in the clinical practice of pulmonology and of associated areas. However, MCC evaluation has not been so usual due to the complexity of methods that use radiolabeled particles.

Inflammatory and Metabolic Responses to Different Resistance Training on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Control Trial.

Unlabelled: Low-grade inflammation can be present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which may affect the regulation of muscle protein and body metabolism. Regular exercise show improvement in muscle strength and dyspnea in patients with COPD, however, the response to training on inflammatory and metabolic disorders is unclear. In this study, we compared the effects of resistance training using weight machines and elastic resistance (bands and tubes) on the inflammatory and metabolic responses in patients with COPD.

Critical Velocity Determined by a Non-Exhaustive Method in Subjects With COPD.

Background: Exercise training is an effective and low-cost tool for COPD rehabilitation. Thus, validating a non-exhaustive method to determine a patient's anaerobic threshold would be a very interesting tool in practical settings. We aimed to test the reproducibility of critical velocity values determined in a non-exhaustive manner (CV) and tolerance for exercise performed at this physiological marker in subjects with COPD.

Severity of COPD and its relationship with IL-10.

Background: The present study was designed to compare inflammatory and metabolic responses according to severity of airflow among patients with COPD and to verify the relationship between pulmonary function, body composition, metabolic and inflammatory profile.

Methods: Fifty-one patients with mild to very severe COPD were recruited and divided according lung function in Mild-moderate (GOLD 1-2) n= 21; Severe (GOLD 3) n=25 and Very severe (GOLD 4) n=5. Patients were submitted to assessments of lung function (spirometry), functional exercise capacity (6-min walk test), body composition (Octopolar bioelectrical impedance), metabolic profile (glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and albumin (colorimetric assay)) and inflammatory profile (cytokines: IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IL-15 (ELISA)).

Nasal mucociliary transportability of male and female smokers.

Introduction: Female smoker's present increased susceptibility to several diseases when compared to the opposite gender. However, there are no studies showing differences in nasal mucociliary transport behavior between male and female smokers.

Objective: To compare the nasal mucociliary transportability in male and female smokers and non-smokers, taking into consideration age, anthropometric data, smoking load and pulmonary function.

The quality of clinical practice guidelines for chronic respiratory diseases and the reliability of the AGREE II: an observational study.

Objectives: To survey the quality of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for chronic respiratory diseases relevant to physiotherapy practice using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation version II instrument (AGREE II) and to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of AGREE II.

Design: Observational survey.

Procedures: Guidelines indexed in the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) on chronic respiratory diseases were evaluated by four assessors using AGREE II.

Influence of Time and Frequency of Passive Smoking Exposure on Mucociliary Clearance and the Autonomic Nervous System.

Background: There are still gaps in the knowledge regarding the damage to mucociliary and autonomous systems from passive exposure to cigarette smoke. Also, the influence of the frequency and duration of exposure on these systems is still unclear. The objective of this work was to verify the effects of passive smoking on mucociliary clearance and adult autonomic nervous systems and investigate the influence of frequency and time of passive exposure on these systems.