Sustained attention can be measured using a brief computerized attention task.

The Continuous Visual Attention Test (CVAT) is a test that detects visuomotor reaction time (RT, alertness), variability of reaction time (VRT, sustained attention), omission errors (OE, focused attention), and commission errors (CE, response inhibition). The standard test takes 15 min, while the ultrafast version only 90 s. Besides overall task length, the two versions differ by target probability (20% and 80% in the 15-min vs.

Barriers and Facilitators of Self-Management in Older People with Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review Focusing on Cognitive Impairment.

Over the past decades, life expectancy of people with type 1 diabetes has increased considerably, which brings potential challenges due to the process of aging. Cognitive aging and dementia, as well as reductions in visual acuity, hearing and dexterity, can influence the frequency and quality of daily self-management activities, including medication taking and insulin dosing, glucose self-monitoring, and healthy eating. This can increase the risk for hypo- and hyperglycemic events, which, in turn, may contribute to cognitive decline.

Comparing the EQ-5D-5L and stroke impact scale 2.0 in stroke patients: an analysis of measurement properties.

Background: Stroke has evolved to become a chronic disease and a major public health challenge. To adequately capture the full disease burden of stroke patients, the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and thus the performance of respective measures is increasingly relevant. The aim of this analysis was to compare the measurement properties of two self-report instruments, the EQ-5D-5L and the Stroke Impact Scale 2.

Risk factors for herpes zoster infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis unveiling common trends and heterogeneity patterns.

Purpose: The burden of herpes zoster (HZ) is substantial and numerous chronic underlying conditions are known as predisposing risk factors for HZ onset. Thus, a comprehensive study is needed to synthesize existing evidence. This study aims to comprehensively identify these risk factors.

COVID-19 Patients with Early Gastrointestinal Symptoms Show Persistent Deficits in Specific Attention Subdomains.

Previous studies have shown that COVID-19 inpatients exhibited significant attentional deficits on the day of discharge. However, the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) has not been evaluated. Here, we aimed to verify: (1) whether COVID-19 patients with GIS exhibited specific attention deficits; (2) which attention subdomain deficits discriminated patients with GIS and without gastrointestinal symptoms (NGIS) from healthy controls.

Cerebellar Symptoms in Gluten Sensitivity: a Systematic Review of the Effect of a Gluten-Free Diet on Brain Imaging.

Cerebellar manifestations have been described in patients with gluten sensitivity (GS)-related disorders. A better understanding of the neurological manifestations of GS requires the use of neuroimaging techniques. We performed a systematic review on neuroimaging findings in GS patients with cerebellar symptoms.

Clinical Utility of a Reaction-Time Attention Task in the Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment in Elderly with High Educational Disparity.

Background: The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale is commonly used to stage cognitive impairment, despite having educational limitations. In elderly with low education, a previous study has shown that intraindividual variability of reaction time (CV) and commission errors (CE), measured using a culture-free Go/No-Go task, can reliably distinguish early Alzheimer's disease (AD) from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls.

Objective: We aimed to extend the clinical utility of this culture-free Go/No-Go task in a sample with high educational disparity.

[Level of Use and User Groups of Online Video Consultations in Outpatient Medical Care: Analysis of Claims Data].

Objective: Despite perceived potentials, billability as a standard service to the statutory health insurance (SHI) and various promotional measures, online video consultation has not yet established itself as a fixed component of everyday outpatient care. Longer-term quantitative studies on the degree of utilisation have been lacking so far. However, these are essential for a better understanding of diffusion processes and the effects of promotional measures.

A serial SPECT-CT study in a celiac disease patient with cerebellar ataxia and psychiatric symptoms.

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated systemic disorder triggered by gluten and related prolamins in genetically predisposed individuals. Here, we described a case of a 31-year-old Caucasian woman who exhibited cerebellar and psychiatric dysfunctions. The patient underwent single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT-CT) before and after a gluten-free diet (GFD).

Detection of Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly with a Low Educational Level Using a Reaction-Time Attention Task.

Background: Scales for cognitive deterioration usually depend on education level.

Objective: We aimed to study the clinical utility of a culture-free Go/No-Go task in a multi-ethnic cohort with low education level.

Methods: Sixty-four participants with less than 4 years of formal education were included and divided on the basis of their Clinical-Dementia-Rate scores (CDR) into cognitively unimpaired (CDR = 0), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; CDR = 0.

Neuropsychiatric assessments in patients with multiple sclerosis in early phases and with low disability.

Background: In the early phases of multiple sclerosis (MS), patients exhibit slight neuropsychiatric deficits that can only be detected using reliable tools.

Aim: The present investigation aimed to examine neuropsychological performance in 35 patients with incipient MS.

Patients And Methods: For the MS group, the inclusion criteria included time of disease <3 years and low disability.

Involvement of STI1 protein in the differentiation process of Trypanosoma cruzi.

The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a parasite exposed to several environmental stressors inside its invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. Although stress conditions are involved in its differentiation processes, little information is available about the stress response proteins engaged in these activities. This work reports the first known association of the stress-inducible protein 1 (STI1) with the cellular differentiation process in a unicellular eukaryote.

Mental Stress-Induced Myocardial Ischemia Related to Generalized Anxiety Disorder in a Patient With Acute Coronary Syndrome and Normal Coronary Arteries.

Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) has been described in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We reported the case of a patient admitted with ACS and MSIMI related to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) after exercise stress and computed tomography coronary angiography showed normal results.

Cholangiocarcinoma associated with limbic encephalitis and early cerebral abnormalities detected by 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose integrated with computed tomography-positron emission tomography: a case report.

Background: Limbic encephalitis was originally described as a rare clinical neuropathological entity involving seizures and neuropsychological disturbances. In this report, we describe cerebral patterns visualized by positron emission tomography in a patient with limbic encephalitis and cholangiocarcinoma. To our knowledge, there is no other description in the literature of cerebral positron emission tomography findings in the setting of limbic encephalitis and subsequent diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma.

Characterization of TcSTI-1, a homologue of stress-induced protein-1, in Trypanosoma cruzi.

The life cycle of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi exposes it to several environmental stresses in its invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. Stress conditions are involved in parasite differentiation, but little is known about the stress response proteins involved. We report here the first characterization of stress-induced protein-1 (STI-1) in T.