Intestinal microbial diversity of swines fed with different sources of lithium.

Unlabelled: A drug that is widely used in the treatment of psychiatric disorder is lithium (Li) salts. The people who make therapeutic use of this drug develop a series of side effects. Through metataxonomic data, this study assessed the impacts of lithium, as Li carbonate or Li-enriched mushrooms, on the microbial composition of the ileum, colon, and feces of piglets.

Prevalence and characteristics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in clinically healthy pigs: implications for antibiotic resistance spread in livestock.

Aim: This study aimed to compare and characterize the resistance profile and the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) related genes in Escherichia coli isolated from healthy finishing pigs fed with or without antibiotics in their diets.

Methods And Results: A total of 27 ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates were obtained from 96 healthy pigs.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteria Isolated from Feces of Weaned Piglets.

Nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant enterobacteria have become a major challenge in global public health. Previous studies have indicated that use of antibiotics in livestock production chains is linked to the rising threat of antibiotic resistance in humans. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the distribution of genes encoding resistance to tetracycline, β-lactams, and colistin in multidrug-resistant enterobacteria isolated from feces of weaned pigs.

A Benchmark of In-House Homologous Recombination Repair Deficiency Testing Solutions for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis.

Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) has become an important prognostic and predictive biomarker for patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer who may benefit from poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) and platinum-based therapies. HRD testing provides relevant information to personalize patients' treatment options and has been progressively incorporated into diagnostic laboratories. Here, we assessed the performance of an in-house HRD testing system deployable in a diagnostic clinical setting, comparing results from two commercially available next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based tumor tests (SOPHiA DDM HRD Solution and AmoyDx (HRD Focus Panel)) with the reference assay from Myriad MyChoice (CDx).

Bioavailability of Li-enriched mushrooms and protection against oxidative stress in pigs: First study in vivo.

Mycelia and mushrooms are able to bioaccumulate minerals. Lithium is the active principle of drugs used in the treatment of psychiatric diseases. However, a dietary source of Li can reduce the side effects of these drugs.

Selection of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteria in Weaned Pigs and Its Association With In-feed Subtherapeutic Combination of Colistin and Tylosin.

In-feed antibiotics are administered to piglets to improve performance and production efficiency. However, the use of growth promoters in the swine industry can select for multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Here, we evaluate the resistance profile of enterobacteria isolated from fecal samples of weaned pigs (21-35 days) fed or not with antibiotics (colistin and tylosin) and investigated the piglets gut microbiota in both groups.

Data standardization of plant-pollinator interactions.

Background: Animal pollination is an important ecosystem function and service, ensuring both the integrity of natural systems and human well-being. Although many knowledge shortfalls remain, some high-quality data sets on biological interactions are now available. The development and adoption of standards for biodiversity data and metadata has promoted great advances in biological data sharing and aggregation, supporting large-scale studies and science-based public policies.

Cooked common bean flour, but not its protein hydrolysate, has the potential to improve gut microbiota composition and function in BALB/c mice fed a high-fat diet added with 6-propyl-2-thiouracil.

Common bean has the potential to improve gut microbiota function due to its chemical composition and content of dietary fiber. This study evaluated the effect of cooked common bean (CCB) flour and its protein hydrolysate as part of a high-fat diet (HFD) added with 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (10 mg/kg/d), an inhibitor of thyroid hormone synthesis, on gut health of BALB/c mice. Forty-eight adult mice were divided into four groups: normal control; HFD; HFD plus CCB flour (346.

Antimicrobial Resistance among Leprosy Patients in Brazil: Real-World Data Based on the National Surveillance Plan.

Brazil ranks second among countries for new cases and first for relapse cases of leprosy worldwide. The Mycobacterium leprae Resistance Surveillance Plan was established. We aimed to present the results of a 2-year follow-up of the National Surveillance Plan in Brazil.

A Genetically Modified Anti-Plasmodium Bacterium Is Harmless to the Foragers of the Stingless Bee Partamona helleri.

Paratransgenesis consists of genetically engineering an insect symbiont to control vector-borne diseases. Biosafety assessments are a prerequisite for the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Assessments rely on the measurement of the possible impacts of GMOs on different organisms, including beneficial organisms, such as pollinators.

Retrospective whole-genome comparison of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis from foodborne outbreaks in Southern Brazil.

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is frequently isolated from animal-source foods associated with human salmonellosis outbreaks. This serovar was spread to animal (mainly poultry) farms worldwide in the 1980s, and it is still detected in foods produced in many countries, including Brazil. The present study reports a retrospective genome-wide comparison of S.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the diagnostic accuracy and screening of tests to detect antimicrobial resistance in leprosy.

Although multidrug therapy is considered an effective treatment for leprosy, antimicrobial resistance is a serious concern. We performed a systematic review of studies on the diagnostic accuracy and screening of tests for antimicrobial resistance in leprosy. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020177958).

Effect of the ingestion of vegetable oils associated with energy-restricted normofat diet on intestinal microbiota and permeability in overweight women.

Previous studies suggest that the type of dietary fatty acid may modulate the intestinal bacterial ecosystem. However, this effect is still inconclusive. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the intake of vegetable oils rich in different types of fatty acids, associated with energy-restricted normofat diets, on the composition of intestinal microbiota and permeability, on LPS concentrations, and fecal short chain fatty acids and pH.

Biliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and enzymatic biomarkers in Eugerres brasilianus along four tropical estuaries.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in bile and biochemical biomarkers were evaluated in Brazilian mojarra Eugerres brasilianus along four estuaries in northeastern Brazil. Bile PAHs naphthalene, phenanthrene chrysene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene were lowest at Formoso River Estuarine System (FRES), an area with low population density focused on tourism. Fish sampled in Suape Estuarine Complex (SEC), where a growing industrial port complex is established indicated higher naphthalene and pyrene concentrations compared with FRES.

Leigh syndrome in a patient with a novel C12orf65 pathogenic variant: case report and literature review.

Leigh syndrome is an early onset progressive disorder caused by defects in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Pathogenic variants in nuclear and mitochondrial genes are associated with the syndrome. Homozygous pathogenic variants in the C12orf65 gene impair the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system.

Acute effects of moderate-intensity and high-intensity exercise on hemodynamic and autonomic reactivity to the cold pressor test in young adults with excess body weight.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a single session of moderate-intensity and high-intensity interval exercise in cardiovascular reactivity to the cold pressor test in young adults with excess body weight.

Methods: Twenty-two subjects with excess body weight (23 ± 2 years; 30.0 ± 3.

MAXIMUM HEART RATE MEASURED VERSUS ESTIMATED BY DIFFERENT EQUATIONS DURING THE CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TEST IN OBESE ADOLESCENTS.

Objective: To compare the values of measured maximum heart rate (HRmax) and maximum heart rate estimated by different equations during the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in obese adolescents.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years old, with obesity (BMI Z-score>2.

Peak Oxygen Uptake and Mortality in Cystic Fibrosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Aerobic fitness, as measured by peak oxygen uptake (V̇ peak), correlates with survival in children and adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). We sought to evaluate the effects of V̇ peak on mortality rates in subjects with CF.

Methods: An online search in PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and SciELO databases was conducted, and cohort studies that assessed mortality rates after oxygen absorption measurements during a maximal exercise test were included.

Worldwide Phylogenetic Group Patterns of from Commensal Human and Wastewater Treatment Plant Isolates.

is an important microorganism in the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals. Commensal populations of consist of stable genetic isolates, which means that each individual has only one phylogenetic group (phylogroup). We evaluated the frequency of human commensal phylogroups from 116 people and observed that the majority of isolates belonged to group A.

Nutritive value and fermentation quality of palisadegrass and stylo mixed silages.

The nutritive value and fermentation quality of palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraes) and stylo (Stylosanthes capitata × S. macrocephala cv.

Acute blood pressure response in hypertensive elderly women immediately after water aerobics exercise: A crossover study.

Water aerobics exercise is widely recommended for elderly people. However, little is known about the acute effects on hemodynamic variables. Thus, we assessed the effects of a water aerobic session on blood pressure in hypertensive elderly women.

Effects of obesity on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

Objective: To assess the effects of obesity on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents.

Data Source: This is a systematic review, carried out in Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo and PEDro databases, using the following Keywords: Plethysmography; Whole Body OR Lung Volume Measurements OR Total Lung Capacity OR Functional Residual Capacity OR Residual Volume AND Obesity. Observational studies or clinical trials that assessed the effects of obesity on lung volume and capacity in children and adolescents (0-18 years) without any other associated disease; in English; Portuguese and Spanish languages were selected.