Microwave & magnetic proteomics of macrophages from patients with HIV-associated cognitive impairment.

Objective: HIV-infected monocytes can infiltrate the blood brain barrier as differentiated macrophages to the central nervous system, becoming the primary source of viral and cellular neurotoxins. The final outcome is HIV-associated cognitive impairment (HACI), which remain prevalent today, possibly due to the longer life-span of the patients treated with combined anti-retroviral therapy. Our main goal was to characterize the proteome of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) from HACI patients, and its association with their cognitive status, to find novel targets for therapy.

Differential protein expression profile in the hypothalamic GT1-7 cell line after exposure to anabolic androgenic steroids.

The abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) has been considered a major public health problem during decades. Supraphysiological doses of AAS may lead to a variety of neuroendocrine problems. Precisely, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is one of the body systems that is mainly influenced by steroidal hormones.

Alcohol Regulates BK Surface Expression via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling.

Unlabelled: It has been suggested that drug tolerance represents a form of learning and memory, but this has not been experimentally established at the molecular level. We show that a component of alcohol molecular tolerance (channel internalization) from rat hippocampal neurons requires protein synthesis, in common with other forms of learning and memory. We identify β-catenin as a primary necessary protein.

The proteome signature of the inflammatory breast cancer plasma membrane identifies novel molecular markers of disease.

Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) is the most lethal form of breast cancer with a 35% 5-year survival rate. The accurate and early diagnosis of IBC and the development of targeted therapy against this deadly disease remain a great medical challenge. Plasma membrane proteins (PMPs) such as E-cadherin and EGFR, play an important role in the progression of IBC.

Macrophage secretome from women with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.

Purpose: Thirty to 50% of HIV patients develop HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) despite combined antiretroviral therapy. HIV-1-infected macrophages release viral and cellular proteins that induce neuronal degeneration and death. We hypothesize that changes in the macrophage secretome of HIV-1 seropositive patients with HAND may dissect proteins related to neurotoxicity.

Interacting partners of macrophage-secreted cathepsin B contribute to HIV-induced neuronal apoptosis.

Objective: HIV-1 infection of macrophages increases cathepsin B secretion and induces neuronal apoptosis, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Design: We identified macrophage-secreted cathepsin B protein interactions extracellularly and their contribution to neuronal death in vitro.

Methods: Cathepsin B was immunoprecipitated from monocyte-derived macrophage supernatants after 12 days postinfection.

Dietary protein intake and stage of lactation differentially modulate amino acid transporter mRNA abundance in porcine mammary tissue.

To test the hypothesis that under restricted and surfeit protein intake the mammary gland undergoes adaptive regulation, changes in mammary tissue mRNA abundance of cationic amino acid (AA) transporter (CAT)-1, CAT-2B, alanine/serine/cysteine/threonine transporter 1 (ASCT1), and broad specificity transporter for neutral and cationic AA (ATB(0,+)), and CAT-1 protein abundance were investigated at 2 stages of lactation. Eighteen sows were allocated to a 2 x 3 randomized incomplete block design with 2 stages of lactation (early and peak) and 3 protein levels: deficient (D), adequate (A), or in excess (E) of lactation requirement. In early lactation, compared with A, sows fed E had lower (P = 0.

Antioxidant enzyme dysfunction in monocytes and CSF of Hispanic women with HIV-associated cognitive impairment.

HIV-associated cognitive neurological disorders (HAND) prevail in the antiretroviral therapy era. Proteomics analysis of CSF revealed expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) in Hispanic women with cognitive impairment (CI). We tested the hypothesis that there is reduced capacity of antioxidant enzymes in CI by measures of expression and activity of Cu/Zn SOD, catalase, and Se-glutathione peroxidase in HAND.

CSF proteomic fingerprints for HIV-associated cognitive impairment.

Cognitive impairment remains a major complication of advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection despite the widespread use of anti-retroviral therapy. Diagnosis is made by exclusion making biomarkers of great potential use. Thus, we used an integrated proteomics platform to assess cerebrospinal fluid protein profiles from 50 HIV-1 seropositive Hispanic women.

Evidence for a novel gene expression program in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected cattle.

A bovine-specific cDNA microarray system was used to compare gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from control uninfected (n = 4) and Johne's disease-positive (n = 6) Holstein cows. Microarray experiments were designed so that for each animal, a direct comparison was made between PBMCs stimulated in vitro with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and PBMCs stimulated with phosphate-buffered saline (nil-stimulated PBMCs).