Effect of an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program on quality of life of patients with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy: results from the PEACH randomized clinical trial.

To investigate the effect of an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC). PEACH study was a single-center, superiority randomized clinical trial of exercise training versus no exercise (control). The sample comprised Chagas disease patients with CCC, left ventricular ejection fraction < 45%, without or with HF symptoms (CCC stages B2 or C, respectively).

Corrigendum: Home-based exercise program in the indeterminate form of Chagas disease (PEDI-CHAGAS study): a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.

Neuro-Cardiovascular Responses to Sympathetic Stimulation in Fighter Pilots.

The chronic effects of regular exposure to high acceleration levels (G-force) on the neuro-cardiovascular system are unclear. We compared the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac autonomic modulation between nonpilots (NP) vs. military fighter (FP) and transport (TP) pilots.

Body Mass Index but not Physical Activity Level Moderates Lowered Cardiac Baroreflex Sensitivity in People Living with HIV.

Reduced cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (cBRS) is an autonomic marker associated with a worse cardiovascular prognosis. Whether cBRS is lowered in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is yet unclear, as well as potential moderator effects of body mass index (BMI) or physical activity (PA) level. The present study aims to compare the spontaneous cBRS in PLHIV .

Home-based exercise program in the indeterminate form of Chagas disease (PEDI-CHAGAS study): A study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected endemic disease with worldwide impact due to migration. Approximately 50-70% of individuals in the chronic phase of CD present the indeterminate form, characterized by parasitological and/or serological evidence of infection, but without clinical signs and symptoms. Subclinical abnormalities have been reported in indeterminate form of CD, including pro-inflammatory states and alterations in cardiac function, biomarkers and autonomic modulation.

The effects of exercise training on autonomic and hemodynamic responses to muscle metaboreflex in people living with HIV/AIDS: A randomized clinical trial protocol.

Background: People living with HIV (PLHIV) present impaired muscle metaboreflex, which may lead to exercise intolerance and increased cardiovascular risk. The muscle metaboreflex adaptations to exercise training in these patients are unknown. The present study aims to investigate the effects of a supervised multimodal exercise training on hemodynamic and autonomic responses to muscle metaboreflex activation in PLHIV.

Comparative effects of a cardiovascular rehabilitation program on functional capacity in patients with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy with or without heart failure.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) on functional capacity of patients with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC) and to compare the responses between CCC patients without and with heart failure (HF).

Materials And Methods: A longitudinal observational retrospective study was carried out including 36 patients with CCC without HF (stage B2 [ = 7]) and with HF (stage C [ = 29]), who participated in a CR program. Functional capacity was assessed by a maximal progressive cardiopulmonary exercise test performed on a treadmill.

Muscle mass, strength, bone mineral density and vascular function in middle-aged people living with HIV vs. age-matched and older controls.

Introduction: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) substantially extended the life of people living with HIV (PLHIV). However, prolonged HIV infection and cART increase the risk of comorbidities accelerating age-related muscle, bone, and vascular disorders. This cross-sectional study compared muscle mass and strength, bone mineral density (BMD), and vascular function in middle-aged PLHIV treated with cART vs.

Effects of exercise training on bone mineral density in adults living with HIV: a retrospective study.

Evidence on the effects of exercise training on the bone health of men and women living with HIV (MLHIV and WLHIV) is limited. To investigate the effects of a long-term multimodal exercise program on the bone mineral density (BMD) of MLHIV and WLHIV. A retrospective cohort of 39 patients (13 women; 48.

The Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure, Arterial Function, and Heart Rate Variability in Men Living With HIV.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of acute cycling on blood pressure (BP), arterial function, and heart rate variability (HRV) in men living with HIV (MLHIV) using combined antiretroviral therapy (cART).

Methods: Twelve MLHIV (48.7 ± 9.

Muscle metaboreflex adaptations to exercise training in health and disease.

Abnormalities in the muscle metaboreflex concur to exercise intolerance and greater cardiovascular risk. Exercise training benefits neurocardiovascular function at rest and during exercise, but its role in favoring muscle metaboreflex in health and disease remains controversial. While some authors demonstrated that exercise training enhanced the sensitization of muscle metabolically afferents and improved neurocardiovascular responses to muscle metaboreflex activation, others reported unaltered responses.

Exercise training improves microvascular function in patients with Chagas heart disease: Data from the PEACH study.

Background: Chagas heart disease (CHD) impairs the systemic microvascular function. We investigated the effects of exercise training on cutaneous microvascular function among patients with CHD.

Methods: Patients from the PEACH study were randomly assigned to a supervised exercise training 3 times/week for 6 months (Trained; n = 10) or a control group (Untrained; n = 8).

Physical activity among women of low socioeconomic status living with HIV in two major cities of Brazil and Mozambique: A cross-sectional comparative study.

Objectives: Physical activity (PA) may reduce cardiovascular risk and preserve functional capacity of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, only limited research objectively measured PA in patients with low socioeconomic status (SES) in low-income countries, particularly in South America and sub-Saharan Africa. This study compared the PA assessed by accelerometers in women of low SES living with HIV under common antiretroviral therapy (cART) from two major cities in Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, n=33; 40.

Effects of short-term high-intensity interval and continuous exercise training on body composition and cardiac function in obese sarcopenic rats.

Aim: We investigated the effects of high-intensity interval and continuous short-term exercise on body composition and cardiac function after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in obese rats.

Methods: Rats fed with a standard chow diet (SC) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks underwent systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycemia and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry analyses. Then, animals fed with HFD were subdivided into three groups: sedentary (HFD-SED); moderate-intensity continuous training (HFD-MICT); and high-intensity interval training (HFD-HIIT).

Exercise-induced cardiac opioid system activation attenuates apoptosis pathway in obese rats.

Aim: To compare the effect of 150 min vs. 300 min of weekly moderate intensity exercise training on the activation of the opioid system and apoptosis in the hearts of a diet-induced obesity model.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed with either control (CON) or high fat (HF) diet for 32 weeks.

Time course of cardiomyopathy induced by doxorubicin in rats.

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX)-related cardiotoxicity may expose cancer survivors to increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Here, we characterized the time course of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy in rats.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats (12 wk old) received doxorubicin hydrochloride (1 mg/kg/d, ip) during 10 consecutive days and they were euthanized one (DOX1), two (DOX2) or four (DOX4) weeks after the last drug injection.

Institutional Guidelines for Resistance Exercise Training in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review.

Background: Institutional position stands are useful for practitioners when designing exercise routines for specific populations. Resistance training has been included in programs for patients with cardiovascular disease.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to analyze institutional guidelines providing recommendations for resistance training applied to cardiovascular disease.

Influence of Physical Exercise on Advanced Glycation End Products Levels in Patients Living With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) used to treat acquired immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces a number of adverse effects, such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, which ultimately increases the cardiovascular risk. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and other chronic diseases. It is known that physical exercise improves the lipid profile, insulin resistance and reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Increased vascular function and superoxide dismutase activity in physically active vs inactive adults living with HIV.

This study compared macro- and microvascular endothelial function and redox status in active vs inactive HIV-infected patients (HIVP) under antiretroviral therapy. Using a cross-sectional design, macro- and microvascular reactivity, systemic microvascular density, and oxidative stress were compared between 19 HIVP (53.1 ± 6.

Is endothelial microvascular function equally impaired among patients with chronic Chagas and ischemic cardiomyopathy?

Background: Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) and cardiomyopathies due to other etiologies involve differences in pathophysiological pathways that are still unclear. Systemic microvascular abnormalities are associated with the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease. However, systemic microvascular endothelial function in CCC remains to be elucidated.

The impact of exercise frequency upon microvascular endothelium function and oxidative stress among patients with coronary artery disease.

Purpose: This study compared the effects of low and high weekly exercise frequencies on microvascular endothelium function and oxidative stress among patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods: Thirty-four male patients completed a 6-month cardiac rehabilitation programme, from which 23 performed exercise with a high frequency (HF) and 11 with a low frequency (LF). Systemic microvascular blood flow, maximal aerobic capacity, blood lipids, oxidative stress and anthropometric data were assessed prior to and after the cardiac rehabilitation programme.

Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: The Beneficial Effects of Exercise.

Cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs when the myocardium is revascularized after an episode of limited or absent blood supply. Many changes, including free radical production, calcium overload, protease activation, altered membrane lipids and leukocyte activation, contribute to IRI-induced myocardium damage. Aerobic exercise is the only countermeasure against IRI that can be sustained on a regular basis in clinical practice.

Cardiovascular Responses to Resistance Exercise Performed with Large and Small Muscle Mass.

Prior research about the effects of the amount of exercised muscle mass upon cardiovascular responses (CVR) has neglected a potential bias related to total exercise and concentric/eccentric duration. Autonomic responses and perceived exertion (RPE) were compared in resistance exercises performed with larger and smaller muscle mass and matched for total exercise and concentric/eccentric duration. Twelve men performed 4 sets of 12 repetitions of unilateral (UNI) and bilateral (BIL) knee extensions at 70% of 12RM.

A Simple Model to Identify Risk of Sarcopenia and Physical Disability in HIV-Infected Patients.

Farinatti, P, Paes, L, Harris, EA, Lopes, GO, and Borges, JP. A simple model to identify risk of sarcopenia and physical disability in HIV-infected patients. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2542-2551, 2017-Early detection of sarcopenia might help preventing muscle loss and disability in HIV-infected patients.