Knowledge related to breast cancer screening programs by physicians in Brazil.

Background: Antonini et al. evaluated gynecologists', obstetricians', and family and community physicians knowledge of breast cancer screening and their adherence to recommendations defined by the BI-RADS™ system. The study demonstrated that inadequate training resulted in insufficient screening and failure to follow the protocols recommended by the BIRADS™ system.

Systematic Review of Nomograms Used for Predicting Pathological Complete Response in Early Breast Cancer.

Pathological complete response (pCR) is an important surrogate outcome to assess the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Nomograms to predict pCR have been developed with local data to better select patients who are likely to benefit from NAC; however, they were never critically reviewed regarding their internal and external validity. The purpose of this systematic review was to critically appraise nomograms published in the last 20 years (2010-2022).

Real-world evidence of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment in a Brazilian multicenter cohort: Correlation of pathological complete response with overall survival.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the pCR rate in patients receiving NAC for the treatment of breast cancer (BC) in a multicenter cohort in Brazil. Additionally, we aimed to use RWD to assess the impact of pCR on OS and DFS.

Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter cohort study that included female patients over 18 years of age who were diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer and received NAC.

Does Pink October really impact breast cancer screening?

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of the Pink October Campaign on the increase in mammographic screening in Brazil.

Study Design: Ecological observational study, based on retrospective data.

Methods: Brazilian national screening database (DATASUS/SISMAMA/Information System on Breast Cancer) was used as a data source and is publicly available for download and analysis.

MicroRNAs and exosomes: promising new biomarkers in acute myeloid leukemias?

Despite advances in understanding of carcinogenesis and of treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, this neoplasm still has a lethality of at least 30%. The search for biomarkers that can predict the response to treatment in the early stages of the disease is still necessary. In recent years, a new form of cellular communication between tumor and non-neoplastic cells has been discovered: the exchange of information through extracellular vesicles.

Exosomes from patients with septic shock convey miRNAs related to inflammation and cell cycle regulation: new signaling pathways in sepsis?

Background: Exosomes isolated from plasma of patients with sepsis may induce vascular apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction by mechanisms related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Despite previous studies demonstrating that these vesicles contain genetic material related to cellular communication, their molecular cargo during sepsis is relatively unknown. In this study, we evaluated the presence of microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) related to inflammatory response and redox metabolism in exosomes of patients with septic shock.

Integration of miRNA and gene expression profiles suggest a role for miRNAs in the pathobiological processes of acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection.

Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is endemic in Latin America. Its acute phase is associated with high parasitism, myocarditis and profound myocardial gene expression changes. A chronic phase ensues where 30% develop severe heart lesions.

Simultaneous Quantification of the 8 Human Herpesviruses in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Background: Human herpesviruses may cause severe complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, the impact of some of these infections on transplant outcomes is still unclear. A prospective survey on the incidence and clinical features of herpesviruses infections after HSCT has not yet been conducted in Brazilian patients, and the impact of these infections on HSCT outcome remains unclear.

MicroRNA Transcriptome Profiling in Heart of Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Mice: Parasitological and Cardiological Outcomes.

Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and it begins with a short acute phase characterized by high parasitemia followed by a life-long chronic phase with scarce parasitism. Cardiac involvement is the most prominent manifestation, as 30% of infected subjects will develop abnormal ventricular repolarization with myocarditis, fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by undefined mechanisms. Nevertheless, follow-up studies in chagasic patients, as well as studies with murine models, suggest that the intensity of clinical symptoms and pathophysiological events that occur during the acute phase of disease are associated with the severity of cardiac disease observed during the chronic phase.

Pentraxin 3 accelerates lung injury in high tidal volume ventilation in mice.

Mechanical ventilation is the major cause of iatrogenic lung damage in intensive care units. Although inflammation is known to be involved in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), several aspects of this process are still unknown. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute phase protein with important regulatory functions in inflammation which has been found elevated in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.