A New Generative Model for Textual Descriptions of Medical Images Using Transformers Enhanced with Convolutional Neural Networks.

The automatic generation of descriptions for medical images has sparked increasing interest in the healthcare field due to its potential to assist professionals in the interpretation and analysis of clinical exams. This study explores the development and evaluation of a generalist generative model for medical images. Gaps were identified in the literature, such as the lack of studies that explore the performance of specific models for medical description generation and the need for objective evaluation of the quality of generated descriptions.

Relative validity and reproducibility of WHO indicators for assessment of feeding practices in children under two years of age.

The study aimed to evaluate relative validity and reproducibility of seven WHO indicators of dietary practices in children aged 6-23.9 months. Data from probabilistic sample of children who used primary healthcare services in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were collected using a 24h dietary recall (24HR) and a closed questionnaire (Q1) on feeding in the day before the study.

Nutritional profile of ultra-processed foods consumed by children in Rio de Janeiro.

Objective: To analyze the nutritional composition of ultra-processed foods consumed by children that attend basic health units.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a representative probabilistic sample of 536 children aged between 6 and 59 months treated at a health unit in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Nutritional information was extracted from labels of the ultra-processed foods referred to in a 24-hour recall.

Correlates of binge drinking among Brazilian adolescents.

Adolescence is a vulnerable period for risk-taking tendencies, including binge drinking. The aim of this study was to examined the prevalence of binge drinking and its association with factors related to the consumption of alcoholic beverages by best friend, familial factors, socioeconomic status and religiosity. A Census of 633 students from public and private schools in Diamantina-MG was conducted.

Risk of alcohol dependence: prevalence, related problems and socioeconomic factors.

The present study evaluated the possible alcohol dependence and related problems among adolescents and determined possible associations with socioeconomic factors and gender. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 936 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years enrolled at public and private schools in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Data related to alcohol consumption and associated problems were collected using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT).

[Assessing complementary feeding practices in the first two years of life: a proposal for indicators and a monitoring tool].

The aim of this article is to propose indicators and a tool for monitoring complementary feeding in under-two children in Brazil, describing its formulation. The study constructed a theoretical model of attributes, components, and markers of complementary feeding that serves as the basis for systematizing the feeding recommendations related to key concepts in the model. The recommendations were transformed into indicators.