Malignant Transformation of Actinic Cheilitis: A Decade-long Retrospective Study in Southern Brazil.

Background: Actinic cheilitis (AC), an oral potentially malignant oral disorder (OPMD), predominantly affects fair-skinned individuals, particularly males, with a higher prevalence in their sixth and seventh decades. In the Southeast region of Brazil, oral cancer ranks as the fourth most common tumor among males, with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) constituting 90% to 95% of lip tumor cases, primarily impacting the lower lip. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the malignant transformation rate in previously diagnosed AC patients between 2008 and 2018, utilizing biopsy records.

Use of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin to Prevent Osteonecrosis of the Jaws Associated with the Use of Bisphosphonate Therapy: A Case Series.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) consists of an area of exposed intraoral or extraoral bone that affects patients with a history of use of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic medications, and who have not undergone head and neck radiotherapy. Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) is an autologous material of great potential, used as an adjuvant in surgical treatments, especially where healing is compromised. The aim of this article is to report three cases of the use of L-PRF in the prevention of MRONJ in three female Caucasian under bisphosphonates therapy.

Profiling salivary miRNA expression levels in Fanconi anemia patients - a pilot study.

The overarching goal of this study is to predict the risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Fanconi anemia (FA) patients. We have compared the microRNA (miRNA, miR) expression levels in saliva samples from FA patients (n = 50) who are at a low-moderate and/or high risk of developing OSCC to saliva samples from healthy controls (n = 16). The miRNA expression levels in saliva samples were quantified using qPCR.

Challenge of Brazilian health researchers in the COVID-19 pandemic scenario.

Advances in Brazilian science made the country reach the 13th position in the world scientific production, and, in 2020, o Brazil was responsible for 2.39% of the world scientific production, reaching the 11th position among the countries that most published about COVID-19. The aim of this study was to contribute to and reflect on the issue of health researchers and graduate students in the scenario of COVID-19 pandemic.

IL17A and IL17RA gene polymorphisms in Fanconi anemia.

Fanconi anemia is a rare autosomal recessive disease. In this disease, cytokine pathways can induce the bone marrow failure that is observed in individuals with Fanconi anemia. Interleukin IL-17 exhibits a protective effect in organisms because it induces neutrophil recruitment and shows a pathological role in several models of autoimmune diseases, periodontal disease, cancer, allograft rejection, and graft versus host disease.

Demineralized human dentin matrix for alveolar ridge preservation using a volumetric and histologic analyses in rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate a Demineralized Human Dentine Matrix (DHDM) as viable biomaterial for alveolar ridge preservation in a rat model. Wistar rats were submitted to the extraction of maxillary first molars bilaterally. Sockets were filled with biomaterials and divided into 4 experimental groups (n=5): blood clot, autogenous bone, bovine-derived xenograft (BDX) and DHDM.

Efficacy of fibrin-rich platelets and leukocytes (L-PRF) in tissue repair in surgical oral procedures in patients using zoledronic acid-case-control study.

Introduction: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a complication that develops in patients who use or have used antiresorptive or antiangiogenic medications for the treatment of bone metabolic disease and bone metastases. Clinically, MRONJ is characterized by the appearance of an inflammation in soft tissues and exposure of necrotic bone tissue in mandible or maxilla, for a period of 8 weeks, in patients with no history of head and neck radiotherapy that were being or are being treated with antiresorptive and/or antiangiogenic agents. The fibrin-rich platelets and leukocytes (L-PRF) membrane has been used as an alternative for MRONJ prevention.

SARS-CoV-2 in saliva, viremia and seroprevalence for COVID-19 surveillance at a single hematopoietic stem cell transplantation center: a prospective cohort study.

This prospective cohort study aims to analyze the surveillance of COVID-19 at a single hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) center in Brazil, in 29 patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT and 57 healthcare workers (nurses and dentists), through viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and plasma and seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. In addition, we report two cases with prolonged persistent detection of SARS-CoV-2 without seroconversion. The sample collection was performed seven times for patients and five times for healthcare workers.

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as a treatment option for inoperable cases of medication-related Osteonecrosis of the jaws.

The present study aims to report conservative treatment of an extreme case of MRONJ in a patient illegible for surgical treatment. A 69-year-old female patient, diagnosed with Multiple Myeloma underwent treatment with bisphosphonate. After a turbinectomy, she was referred to a dental clinic with painful oral symptoms, presence of necrotic and suppurative bone exposures in maxilla compatible with MRONJ.

Innovative reflection on oral cancer research priorities: the contribution of social network analysis.

The objective of this study is to present a tool to help understand how variables associated with oral cancer prevention relate to each other in a social network. A search of the Scopus database was performed using terms related to oral cancer and prevention from 2000 to 2020. The keywords were used as nodes and were analyzed using NodeXL, which produced the network graphic analysis.

Graft-versus-host disease and herpes simplex virus oral injuries in onco-hematological patient: Case report.

Introduction: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a systemic complication that can affect patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and the mouth is one of the places affected by the disease (oGVHD). Topical corticosteroids are used to control the painful symptoms, causing a local immunosuppression and increasing the risk for opportunistic infections.

Objective: This study aims to report a case of a 42-year-old woman, diagnosed with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, who developed oGVHD and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection after HSCT.

Telediagnosis of oral lesions using smartphone photography.

Objective: The objective of this observational study was to evaluate telediagnosis of oral lesions using smartphone photography.

Materials And Methods: Individuals with visible oral lesions composed a convenience sample. The lesions were photographed using a smartphone camera and emailed along with clinical information to three evaluators, who formulated up to two diagnostic hypotheses for each case.

Quality of life in cancer patients with or without medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Purpose: Cancer and its therapies can have a significant impact on general and oral health and, therefore, cause a reduction in patients' quality of life (QoL). The study aimed to evaluate the QoL of cancer patients who use antiresorptive and anti-angiogenic medications with or without the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ).

Methods: Sixty-two patients diagnosed with cancer under antiresorptive therapy answered three instruments from the European Organization for Cancer Research and Treatment (EORTC).

Antiresorptive medication in oncology: the clinical and dental profile of patients in a reference center.

Objectives: : The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of patients on antiresorptive therapies for cancer treatment and assess presence of oral lesions, oral hygiene status, and knowledge regarding medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ).

Materials And Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study that evaluated patients treated with antiresorptive medication at a single cancer hospital. Clinical data were collected and oral examination was performed to assess patient oral health.

Use of smartphone video calls in the diagnosis of oral lesions: Teleconsultations between a specialist and patients assisted by a general dentist.

Background: Teleassistance in dentistry enables the support of dentists in areas without access to specialists. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and accuracy of synchronous teleconsultation in oral medicine.

Methods: Patients referred for specialized care owing to oral lesions were evaluated in person by a general dentist who obtained photographs of the lesions with a smartphone.

Comparison of Immunohistochemistry and DNA Sequencing for BRAF V600E Mutation Detection in Mandibular Ameloblastomas.

This study aimed to investigate the presence of BRAF V600E mutation in mandibular ameloblastoma by comparing the results of molecular detection and immunohistochemical analysis. A 128 cases of mandibular ameloblastoma and 30 cases of dentigerous cyst (control group) were selected for analysis. Detection of BRAF V600E mutation was performed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction techniques.

A case series of medication-related fibrovascular hyperplasia following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Fanconi anemia.

Systemic medications categorized as diphenylhydantoin, calcineurin inhibitor and calcium channel blocker may have effects on the oral cavity by modifying the inflammatory and immune response and causing undesired tissue proliferative reactions. Calcineurin inhibitors are medications commonly used for long periods in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and solid organ transplantation. Medication-related fibrovascular hyperplasia (MRFH) is an extra gingival hyperplastic nodular growth associated with medications use.

Risk factors for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw and salivary IL-6 IN cancer patients.

Introduction: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws is a severe complication of the use of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic therapy, with limited treatment options and great impact on patient's quality pf life.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors associated with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in oncologic patients undergoing bisphosphonate treatment. In addition, salivary levels of interleukin-6, IL-6, were measured to investigate their association with severity and risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws.

Medication-related fibrovascular hyperplasia lesion in tongue: Case report.

Objective: The objective of this study is to report the case of a patient who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment and developed multiple tongue lesions during recovery.

Methods And Results: This is the case report of a patient who developed ulcerated lesions with areas of depapillation on the border and dorsum of the tongue. The ulcer evolved to a reddish fibrous hyperplastic nodule, similar to adjacent mucosa.

Occupations associated with head and neck cancer in a city in Southern Brazil, 1998 to 2012.

Background: Cancer is a multifactorial disease and depends on multiple stages. Eliminating risk factors contributes to reduce the incidence of disease or modifies its progression. Identifying risk factors for head and neck cancer associated with definite occupations might complement surveillance actions and help in the implementation of preventive measures in the workplace.

Effect of Storage Time and Temperature on Salivary Total Antioxidant Capacity, Total Oxidant Status, and Oxidant Stress Index.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of short-term storage in two different temperatures on stability of salivary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidant stress index (OSI).

Materials And Methods: Saliva samples were collected from twenty healthy volunteers for the study. An aliquot was selected for immediate analysis and the rest was stored at -20°C and -80°C for a period of 120 days, and analyzes were performed at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 days.

Effect of short-term mechanical stimulation on the salivary concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin E, total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status.

Oxidative stress biomarkers of oral and systemic diseases can be found in saliva. However, there is no uniformity for the saliva collection time in these kinds of analyses and saliva composition may change because of mechanical stimulation. Therefore, the aim of this work was to determine the effect of mechanical stimulation for 10 min on the concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin E, total antioxidants and total oxidants in saliva.

Immunohistochemical analysis of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the presence of BRAF V600E mutation in mandible ameloblastomas by correlating clinical and imaging data on the cases studied.

Methods: Eighty-four cases diagnosed as mandibular ameloblastoma were selected for analysis. The specimens were submitted to immunohistochemistry for detection of BRAF V600E mutated protein.

Tobacco and alcohol-induced epigenetic changes in oral carcinoma.

Purpose Of Review: The present review aims to describe the epigenetic alterations observed in oral cancer linked to the exposure to alcohol and/or tobacco.

Recent Findings: Recent findings emphasize the importance of epigenetics in oral cancer progression and in how risk factors (as tobacco and alcohol) affect the basal epigenetic profiles. Deeper techniques and detailed approaches allowed the perception that individual CG changes and even subtle changes may represent important epigenetic alterations resulting in expression changes and other carcinogenic consequences.