A Pilot Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial on the Efficacy and Safety of a Transdermal Gel that Delivers CO2 in the Treatment of Vulvovaginal Atrophy.

This prospective study aimed to assess the efficacy of a transdermal CO2 gel in promoting regeneration in the vulvovaginal area in postmenopausal women experiencing symptoms as part of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Transdermal carboxytherapy refers to the application of CO2 through the skin's superficial layer, which is intended to increase oxygenation (through the Bohr effect) and angiogenesis, thus helping to reduce symptoms of GSM. In this study, 20 women with moderate or severe signs or symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy were randomized to receive either transdermal CO2 therapy (n=10) or a placebo gel (ultrasound gel, n=10).