Prevalence and associated factors of mother-reported jaundice in newborns.

Objective: Newborns' jaundice is the result of bilirubin accumulation as fetal hemoglobin is metabolized by the immature liver. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of mother-reported newborn jaundice and associated factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from a longitudinal study involving 914 children.

Prevalence of current smoking and associated factors in older adults in Brazil.

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of current smoking and its associated factors in adults aged 50 years and older in Brazil.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the ELSI-Brazil study, encompassing 9,412 adults aged 50 years or over. A multivariate model using Poisson regression with a robust estimator was employed, estimating prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals.

Improved blood culture workflow for faster identification of KPC-producing Enterobacterales.

Carba-NP original report for blood cultures described the need of subculture and mechanical lysis before testing, reaching the turnaround time of approximately 4 hours for sample preparation. We tested 100 consecutive blood cultures positive for Gram-negative bacilli on the Gram stain from a large clinical laboratory. Bacterial pellets were prepared by centrifugation and submitted to Carba-NP and Blue-Carba tests and used further to prepare smears for Vitek MS.

Dissemination of bla is mediated by IncX plasmids and the Tn6435 transposon.

In Enterobacteriaceae, the bla genes have been identified on plasmids in different regions of the world. The OXA-370 is a plasmid-encoded OXA- enzyme reported in two distinct regions of Brazil. Recently, we demonstrate that the bla gene is disseminated among several Enterobacteriaceae species and clones, indicating a high potential for dissemination.

Frequency of Plasmid-Mediated AmpC β-Lactamases in Escherichia coli Isolates from Urine Samples in São Paulo, Brazil.

Plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (PMACBLs) in Enterobacteriaceae encode resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, and these can mediate carbapenem resistance when associated with porin loss. However, no standardized phenotypic method is available for detecting these enzymes in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Limited data are available concerning the frequency of PMACBLs in Enterobacteriaceae in Brazil.

fosI Is a New Integron-Associated Gene Cassette Encoding Reduced Susceptibility to Fosfomycin.

In this work, we demonstrate that the fosI gene encodes a predicted small protein with 134 amino acids and determines reduced susceptibility to fosfomycin. It raised the MIC from 0.125 to 6 μg/ml when the pBRA100 plasmid was introduced into Escherichia coli TOP10 and to 16 μg/ml when the gene was cloned into the pBC_SK(-) vector and expressed in E.

Characterization of Tn3000, a Transposon Responsible for blaNDM-1 Dissemination among Enterobacteriaceae in Brazil, Nepal, Morocco, and India.

In Enterobacteriaceae, the blaNDM genes have been found in many different genetic contexts, and a wide diversity of plasmid scaffolds bearing those genes has been found. In August 2013, we identified NDM-1-producing Escherichia coli and Enterobacter hormaechei strains from a single rectal swab sample from a patient hospitalized in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, who had no history of travel abroad. Complete DNA sequencing using the Illumina platform and annotation of the two plasmids harboring the blaNDM-1 gene, one from each strain, showed that they belonged to incompatibility groups IncFIIK and IncX3 and harbored a novel transposon named Tn3000.

Ultrashort Echo Time T1ρ Is Sensitive to Enzymatic Degeneration of Human Menisci.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether quantitative ultrashort echo time (UTE) -T1ρ magnetic resonance (MR) measurements are sensitive to proteoglycan degradation in human menisci by trypsin digestion.

Methods: Conventional and quantitative UTE-T1ρ MR sequences were performed on 4 meniscal samples using a 3T scanner. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed before and after 4, 8, and 12 hours of trypsin solution immersion, inducing proteoglycan loss.

Injury of the gluteal aponeurotic fascia and proximal iliotibial band: anatomy, pathologic conditions, and MR imaging.

The fascia lata, or deep fascia of the thigh, is a complex anatomic structure that has not been emphasized as a potential source of pelvic and hip pain. This structure represents a broad continuum of fibrous tissue about the buttock, hip, and thigh that receives contributions from the posteriorly located aponeurotic fascia covering the gluteus medius muscle and from the more laterally located iliotibial band (ITB). At the pelvis and hip, the ITB consists of three layers that merge at the lower portion of the tensor fasciae latae muscle.