Testing the mediating mechanism of alcohol use on the association between retirement and depressive symptoms in the United States using generalized mixed effect models.

Objectives: Both alcohol use and the prevalence of depression-depressive disorders, among older adults have increased over the past several decades and have been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. To our knowledge, the interactions between retirement, depression, and alcohol use have not yet been examined. This study aims to longitudinally explore the mediating role of alcohol use on the association between retirement and depressive symptoms in the United States, comparing individuals who are retired and not retired, while also exploring individuals who transitioned into and out of retirement at different times.

US migration history and depressive symptoms among older mexican adults.

Objective: To explore the association between US migration, chronic conditions (diabetes, stroke, heart attack, cancer, and hypertension), and mental health (depressive symptoms, and depression).

Materials And Methods: We assessed average changes in depressive symptom scores as well as depression over time and their link with migration experience controlling for health and sociodemographic factors among older Mexican adults (50+) using 2012, 2015, and 2018 waves of the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS).

Results: Non-migrants had higher average depressive symptom scores and prevalence of depression (5+ score) in 2012 and 2015, but there was no significant difference in either measure in 2018 or on changes over time.

Retailer perspectives on sugar-sweetened beverage taxes in the California Bay Area.

The sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) industry has claimed that food and beverage retailers are opposed to SSB taxes. In 2018 and 2019, we formally evaluated retailers' perceptions of SSB taxes using semi-structured interviews (including open- and closed-ended questions) with 103 randomly selected retailers (50 corner and liquor stores; 28 chain convenience, drug, and mass-merchandise stores; 18 chain supermarkets and discount supermarkets; and 7 independent supermarkets) across 3 cities with SSB taxes (Berkeley, Oakland, and San Francisco); interviews occurred in 2018 and 2019 (approximately 3 years, 1 year and 6 months post tax-implementation, respectively). A majority of both small and large retailers reported the tax had only a minimal effect on their business (70%).

Teachers as Healthy Beverage Role Models: Relationship of Student and Teacher Beverage Choices in Elementary Schools.

Schools are a key setting for curbing student intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). While studies suggest that restrictions on SSBs, increased access to healthier beverages, and education about the importance of drinking water instead of SSBs can promote healthier beverage patterns among students, there is little known about the impact that teachers' own beverage choices can have on those of their students. Data were drawn from cross-sectional surveys administered as part of a larger evaluation of a drinking water access and promotion intervention in public elementary schools in the San Francisco Bay Area region of California.

Changing financial base for dental education.

In recent years, there have been material changes in the manner in which U.S. dental schools are funded.