Multivariate patterns among multimodal neuroimaging and clinical, cognitive, and daily functioning characteristics in bipolar disorder.

Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) show heterogeneity in clinical, cognitive, and daily functioning characteristics, which challenges accurate diagnostics and optimal treatment. A key goal is to identify brain-based biomarkers that inform patient stratification and serve as treatment targets. The objective of the present study was to apply a data-driven, multivariate approach to quantify the relationship between multimodal imaging features and behavioral phenotypes in BD.

Exploring the effects of erythropoietin treatment on cortical thickness and hippocampal volume in patients with mood disorders undergoing electroconvulsive therapy: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for severe depression. However, its utilization is limited to the most severely ill patients due to stigma, healthcare provider unfamiliarity, and concerns regarding cognitive side effects. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a promising add-on treatment during ECT due to its potential to increase neuroplasticity and cognition.

Amygdala and hippocampal substructure volumes and their association with improvement in mood symptoms in patients with mood disorders undergoing electroconvulsive therapy.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) demonstrates favorable outcomes in the management of severe depressive disorders. ECT has been consistently associated with volumetric increases in the amygdala and hippocampus. However, the underlying mechanisms of these structural changes and their association to clinical improvement remains unclear.

Stable neural underpinnings of emotional cognition subgroups in patients newly diagnosed with bipolar disorder: A prospective fMRI study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the neural underpinnings of emotional cognition subgroups in recently diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and change over time over a 15-month follow-up period.

Methods: Patients and healthy controls (HC) underwent emotional and nonemotional cognitive assessments and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at the baseline (BD n = 87; HC n = 65) and at 15-month follow-up (BD n = 44; HC n = 38). Neural activity during emotion reactivity and regulation in response to aversive pictures was assessed during fMRI.

Longitudinal changes in resting-state functional connectivity as markers of vulnerability or resilience in first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder.

Background: There is a significant contribution of genetic factors to the etiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Unaffected first-degree relatives of patients (UR) with BD are at increased risk of developing mental disorders and may manifest cognitive impairments and alterations in brain functional and connective dynamics, akin to their affected relatives.

Methods: In this prospective longitudinal study, resting-state functional connectivity was used to explore stable and progressive markers of vulnerability i.

Effects of erythropoietin on cognitive impairment and prefrontal cortex activity across affective disorders: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Persistent cognitive impairment is frequent across bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), highlighting an urgent need for pro-cognitive treatments.

Aim: This study investigated effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on cognitive impairment and dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC) activity in affective disorders.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, cognitively impaired patients with remitted BD or MDD received 1 weekly recombinant human EPO (40,000 IU/mL) or saline infusion for a 12-week period.

Neural correlates of episodic memory decline following electroconvulsive therapy: An exploratory functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an efficient and rapid-acting treatment indicated for severe depressive disorders. While ECT is commonly accompanied by transient memory decline, the brain mechanisms underlying these side effects remain unclear.

Aims: In this exploratory functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) study, we aimed to compare effects of ECT versus pharmacological treatment on neural response during episodic memory encoding in patients with affective disorders.

Trajectory of reward-related abnormalities in unaffected relatives of patients with bipolar disorder - A longitudinal fMRI study.

First-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder are at heightened risk of mood episodes, which may be attributed to the existence of endophenotypes i.e., heritable (neuro)biological changes present in patients and their unaffected relatives (UR).

Effect of erythropoietin on cognitive side-effects of electroconvulsive therapy in depression: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective and rapid-acting treatment for severe depression but is associated with cognitive side-effects. Identification of add-on treatments that counteract these side-effects would be very helpful. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study investigated the effects of four add-on erythropoietin (EPO; 40,000 IU/ml) or saline (placebo) infusions over 2.

Aberrant resting-state functional connectivity underlies cognitive and functional impairments in remitted patients with bipolar disorder.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is commonly associated with cognitive impairments, that directly contribute to patients' functional disability. However, there is no effective treatment targeting cognition in BD. A key reason for the lack of pro-cognitive interventions is the limited insight into the brain correlates of cognitive impairments in these patients.

Association of childhood trauma with cognitive impairment and structural brain alterations in remitted patients with bipolar disorder.

Background: Cognitive impairment affects many patients with bipolar disorder (BD). No pro-cognitive treatment with robust efficacy exists partly due to limited insight into underlying neurobiological abnormalities.

Methods: This magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study investigates structural neuronal correlates of cognitive impairment in BD by comparing brain measures in a large sample of cognitively impaired versus cognitively intact patients with BD or cognitively impaired patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HC).

Neural basis of memory impairments and relation to functional disability in fully or partially remitted patients with affective disorders.

Bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are associated with cognitive and functional impairment. Cognitive impairment is often associated with dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC) hypo-activity, but the neuronal correlates of functional disability is largely unknown. In this study, 91 patients with affective disorders in full or partial remission (BD, n = 67; MDD, n = 24) with objectively verified cognitive impairment and substantial functional disability underwent neuropsychological assessment and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan during which they completed a strategic picture-encoding task.

Associations between aberrant working memory-related neural activity and cognitive impairments in somatically healthy, remitted patients with mood disorders.

Background: Persistent cognitive deficits are prevalent in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and unipolar disorder (UD), but treatments effectively targeting cognition in these mood disorders are lacking. This is partly due to poor insight into the neuronal underpinnings of cognitive deficits.

Methods: The aim of this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was to investigate the neuronal underpinnings of working memory (WM)-related deficits in somatically healthy, remitted patients with BD or UD ( = 66) with cognitive and functional impairments compared to 38 healthy controls (HC).

Neural responses during down-regulation of negative emotion in patients with recently diagnosed bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives.

Background: Aberrant emotion regulation has been posited as a putative endophenotype of bipolar disorder (BD). We therefore aimed to compare the neural responses during voluntary down-regulation of negative emotions in a large functional magnetic resonance imaging study of BD, patients' unaffected first-degree relatives (URs), and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: We compared neural activity and fronto-limbic functional connectivity during emotion regulation in response to aversive neutral pictures in patients recently diagnosed with BD ( = 78) in full/partial remission, their URs ( = 35), and HCs ( = 56).

Resting-state connectivity and neural response to emotional images in patients with severe health anxiety: An fMRI study.

Background: Severe health anxiety is a disorder characterized by a persistent preoccupation with one's health. In behavioral studies, biases in the processing of health-related stimuli (e.g.

Exenatide once weekly for alcohol use disorder investigated in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

BackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic, relapsing brain disorder that accounts for 5% of deaths annually, and there is an urgent need to develop new targets for therapeutic intervention. The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist exenatide reduces alcohol consumption in rodents and nonhuman primates, but its efficacy in patients with AUD is unknown.MethodsIn a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, treatment-seeking AUD patients were assigned to receive exenatide (2 mg subcutaneously) or placebo once weekly for 26 weeks, in addition to standard cognitive-behavioral therapy.

The longitudinal trajectory of emotion regulation and associated neural activity in patients with bipolar disorder: A prospective fMRI study.

Objectives: Impaired emotion regulation is a key feature of bipolar disorder (BD) that presents during acute mood episodes and in remission. The neural correlates of voluntary emotion regulation seem to involve deficient prefrontal top-down regulation already at BD illness onset. However, the trajectory of aberrant neuronal activity during emotion regulation in BD is unclear.

Neural underpinnings of emotion regulation subgroups in remitted patients with recently diagnosed bipolar disorder.

Neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder (BD) generally involve comparison with healthy controls (HC), which may mask neurobiological variability within the disorder. This study aims to assess the neural underpinnings of potential subgroups of BD patients based on functional activity in the emotion regulation network and its relation to illness characteristics and relapse risk. Eighty-seven remitted patients with recently diagnosed BD and 66 HC underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing an emotion regulation task.

Action-based cognitive remediation in bipolar disorder improved verbal memory but had no effect on the neural response during episodic memory encoding.

Verbal memory and executive function impairments are common in remitted patients with bipolar disorder (BD). We recently found that Action-Based Cognitive Remediation (ABCR) may improve executive function and verbal memory in BD. Here, we investigated neuronal changes associated with ABCR treatment-related memory improvement in a longitudinal functional MRI (fMRI) study.

Reduced prefrontal cortex response to own vs. unknown emotional infant faces in mothers with bipolar disorder.

Motherhood involves functional brain adaptations within a broad neural network purported to underlie sensitive caregiving behavior. Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with aberrant brain response to emotional faces within a similar network, which may influence BD mothers' sensitivity to infant faces. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study aimed to investigate whether mothers with BD display aberrant neural responses to own infant faces compared to healthy mothers.

Affective episodes in recently diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder associated with altered working memory-related prefrontal cortex activity: A longitudinal fMRI study.

Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is often accompanied by trait-related cognitive impairments, but it is unclear which neurocircuitry abnormalities give rise to these impairments and whether neurocircuitry differences are exacerbated with illness progression. This longitudinal fMRI study of recently diagnosed BD patients investigates whether aberrant working memory (WM) related activity in the cognitive control network is accentuated by new affective episodes.

Methods: Forty-seven recently diagnosed BD patients in full or partial remission and 38 healthy controls were assessed with neurocognitive tests and fMRI during the performance of a verbal n-back WM task at baseline and follow-up (15.

Structural brain abnormalities associated with cognitive impairments in bipolar disorder.

Objective: Cognitive impairment has been highlighted as a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD) that often persists during remission. The specific brain correlates of cognitive impairment in BD remain unclear which impedes efficient therapeutic approaches. In a large sample of remitted BD patients, we investigated whether morphological brain abnormalities within dorsal prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus were related to cognitive deficits.

Neuronal underpinnings of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder: A large data-driven functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Objectives: Cognitive impairment occurs in approximately 50% of remitted patients with bipolar disorder (BD). However, there exists no treatment with replicated and robust efficacy on cognition in BD. This is partially due to limited insight into the neuronal underpinnings of cognitive impairment in these patients.